Eocollis

Eocollis
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Acanthocephala
Class:	Eoacanthocephala
Order:	Neoechinorhynchida
Family:	Neoechinorhynchidae
Genus:	Eocollis Van Cleve, 1947 [1]
Type species
Eocollis arcanus Van Cleve, 1947
Species
See text.

Eocollis is a genus in Acanthocephala (thorny-headed worms, also known as spiny-headed worms).

Taxonomy

The genus was described by Van Cleve in 1947. The National Center for Biotechnology Information does not indicate that any phylogenetic analysis has been published on Eocollis that would confirm its position as a unique order in the family Neoechinorhynchidae. ^[2]

Description

Eocollis species consist of a proboscis covered in hooks and a long trunk.

Species

The genus EocollisVan Cleve, 1947 contains three species.

• Eocollis arcanus Van Cleve, 1947 ^[1]
• Eocollis catostomi Buckner, 1992 ^[3]
• Eocollis harengulae Wang, 1981

Distribution

The distribution of Eocollis is determined by that of its hosts.

Hosts

Life cycle of Acanthocephala.

The life cycle of an acanthocephalan consists of three stages beginning when an infective acanthor (development of an egg) is released from the intestines of the definitive host and then ingested by an arthropod, the intermediate host. Although the intermediate hosts of Eocollis are ???. When the acanthor molts, the second stage called the acanthella begins. This stage involves penetrating the wall of the mesenteron or the intestine of the intermediate host and growing. The final stage is the infective cystacanth which is the larval or juvenile state of an Acanthocephalan, differing from the adult only in size and stage of sexual development. The cystacanths within the intermediate hosts are consumed by the definitive host, usually attaching to the walls of the intestines, and as adults they reproduce sexually in the intestines. The acanthor is passed in the feces of the definitive host and the cycle repeats. There may be paratenic hosts (hosts where parasites infest but do not undergo larval development or sexual reproduction) for Eocollis. ^[6]

Eocollis parasitizes fish. ^[7] There are no reported cases of Eocollis infesting humans in the English language medical literature. ^[5]

Notes

1. There are no known aberrant human infections for Eocollis species. ^[5]

References

1. Van Cleave, H. J. (1947). The Eoacanthocephala of North America, including the Description of Eocollis arcanus, New Genus and New Species, Superficially Resembling the Genus Pomphorhynchus. The Journal of Parasitology, 33(4), 285–296. https://doi.org/10.2307/3273357
2. Schoch, Conrad L; Ciufo, Stacy; Domrachev, Mikhail; Hotton, Carol L; Kannan, Sivakumar; Khovanskaya, Rogneda; Leipe, Detlef; Mcveigh, Richard; O’Neill, Kathleen; Robbertse, Barbara; Sharma, Shobha; Soussov, Vladimir; Sullivan, John P; Sun, Lu; Turner, Seán; Karsch-Mizrachi, Ilene (2020). "NCBI Taxonomy: a comprehensive update on curation, resources and tools". Taxonomy Browser. NCBI. Retrieved 1 April 2024.
3. Buckner, R. L. (1992). Description of Eocollis catostomi sp. n.(Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) from two species of suckers (Catostomidae) in Alabama, with comments on Eocollis arcanus.
4. CDC’s Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria (11 April 2019). "Acanthocephaliasis". www.cdc.gov. Centers for Disease Control. Archived from the original on 8 June 2023. Retrieved 17 July 2023.
5. Mathison, BA; et al. (2021). "Human Acanthocephaliasis: a Thorn in the Side of Parasite Diagnostics". J Clin Microbiol. 59 (11): e02691-20. doi:10.1128/JCM.02691-20. PMC   8525584 . PMID   34076470.
6. Schmidt, G.D. (1985). "Development and life cycles". In Crompton, D.W.T.; Nickol, B.B. (eds.). Biology of the Acanthocephala (PDF). Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press. pp. 273–305. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 July 2023. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
7. Meade,T. G.and Harvey,Jr.and J. S.,J. S., 19690800257, English, Journal article, 54, (2), Journal of Parasitology, (371), New record of numbers and sites of infection in fishes by the acanthocephalan, Eocollis arcanus Van Cleave.