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The Marasmiaceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. Basidiocarps are most frequently agarics, but occasionally cyphelloid. According to a 2008 estimate, the family contained 54 genera and 1590 species, but molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, has led to a more restricted family concept, so that the Marasmiaceae included just 13 genera, and some 1205 species. It was reduced further down in 2020, to 10 genera and about 700 species.
Omphalotus is a genus of basidiomycete mushroom, in the family Omphalotaceae, formally circumscribed by Victor Fayod in 1889. Members have the traditional cap and stem structure. They are saprobic, and fruit in clumps on the ground, adjacent to host trees. The best known and type species is the jack-o'-lantern mushroom (Omphalotus olearius). Species of Omphalotus have been mistaken for chanterelles. All Omphalotus species are presumed poisonous, causing gastrointestinal symptoms. Some Omphalotus species have bioluminescent properties.
Lentinula is a small genus of wood-inhabiting agarics. The neotropical species Lentinula boryana is the type species. However, the best-known species is L. edodes, the shiitake. The genus was erected by Franklin Sumner Earle in 1909, and as of 2023 contains ten species, principally found in tropical regions.
Rhodocollybia is a genus of Basidiomycete mushroom. Species in this genus, formerly classified as a subgenus in Collybia, have fairly large caps, and have a pinkish-tinted spore print. Microscopically, they are characterized by having spores and basidia that are dextrinoid—staining deep reddish to reddish-brown with Melzer's reagent when tested for amyloidity. Rhodocollybia species are commonly found in temperate North America and Europe, and infrequently in Central and South America.
Collybia is a genus of mushrooms in the family Tricholomataceae. The genus has a widespread but rare distribution in northern temperate areas, and contains three species that grow on the decomposing remains of other mushrooms.
Palaeocephala is a genus of fungi. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Palaeocephala cymatelloides, described by Rolf Singer in 1962. According to the Dictionary of the Fungi, the genus is classified in either the Marasmiaceae or Physalacriaceae families; the taxonomical database MycoBank includes it in the Marasmiaceae.
Aphyllotus is a fungal genus in the family Marasmiaceae. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Aphyllotus campanelliformis, found in Colombia. Both the species and the genus were described by mycologist Rolf Singer in 1973.
Clitocybula is a genus of mushroom-forming fungi in the family Porotheleaceae but was originally classified within Marasmiaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Georges Métrod in 1952. Species in the genus are commonly known as "coincaps".
Fissolimbus is a fungal genus in the family Marasmiaceae. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Fissolimbus fallaciosus, found in Papua New Guinea. The genus and species were described as new to science in 1979.
Gymnopus is a genus of fungus in the family Omphalotaceae. The genus has a widespread, cosmopolitan distribution and contains about 300 species.
Hydropus is a genus of fungi in the family Marasmiaceae. The widespread genus contains about 100 species, especially in tropical areas, but is not well represented in temperate regions. About 15 taxa are found in Europe; H. floccipus has the widest distribution in western Europe. Hydropus was circumscribed by Rolf Singer in 1948. Species in the genus have fruit bodies with caps that are mycenoid, collybioid, or omphaloid in form. Most species occur in tropical and subtropical regions, where they grow as saprobes on rotting wood, forest litter, and mosses. Generally, most Hydropus species are rare, and several are known only from the type collection, including H. conicus, H. moserianus, H. nitens, and H. paradoxus.
Lactocollybia is a genus of agaric fungi in the family Marasmiaceae. The widespread genus contains 17 species, many of which are found in tropical areas.
Manuripia is a fungal genus in the family Marasmiaceae. It is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Manuripia bifida, found in South America.
Metulocyphella is a genus of fungus in the family Marasmiaceae. The genus contains two species found in South America.
Neonothopanus is a genus of three species of fungi in the agaric family Omphalotaceae. The genus was circumscribed in 1999. The type species N. nambi is found in Australia, South America, Central America, and Malaysia, while N. gardneri is found in South America. Both of these species are bioluminescent. N. hygrophanus, found in central Africa, was added to the genus in 2011.
Moniliophthora is a genus of fungi in the family Marasmiaceae. The genus was described in 1978 with M. roreri as the type species. This fungus, formerly known as Monilia roreri, causes frosty pod rot, a serious disease of Theobroma cacao.
Nochascypha is a genus of fungus in the family Marasmiaceae. The genus contains six species found in South America.
Nothopanus is a genus of fungus in the family Marasmiaceae. The genus was circumscribed by American mycologist Rolf Singer in 1944.
Skepperiella is a genus of fungus in the family Marasmiaceae. The widespread genus contains four species. The genus was circumscribed by Albert Pilát in Bull. Soc. Mycol. France vol.43 on page 56 in 1927.
References
- 1 2 Singer, R. (1960). "Monographs of South American Basidiomycetes, specially those of the east slope of the Andes and Brazil. 3. Reduced marasmioid genera in South America". Sydowia. 14: 258–80.
- ↑ Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA (2008). Dictionary of the Fungi (10th ed.). Wallingford, UK: CAB International. p. 240. ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8.
