| Euphorbia paniculata | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Malpighiales |
| Family: | Euphorbiaceae |
| Genus: | Euphorbia |
| Species: | E. paniculata |
| Binomial name | |
| Euphorbia paniculata | |
Euphorbia paniculata is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family Euphorbiaceae, native to the Iberian Peninsula and North Africa in the western Mediterranean Basin.
Euphorbia paniculata is a perennial plant up to 1.5 m (4 ft 11 in) tall. It has a woody, thickened stock with erect stems, woody at the base with up to 11 fertile lateral branches. Leaves are green, 25–100 by 10–25 millimetres (0.98 in–3.94 in × 0.39 in–0.98 in), elliptical to lanceolate, sessile, generally amplexicaul with serrulate or entire margins. It has non-appendiculate yellow nectaries and elipsoidal, black seeds. [2]
Euphorbia paniculata is native to the southwestern Iberian Peninsula, northern Morocco and the northern coastline of Algeria and Tunisia. It inhabits forests and humid shrubland, in troughs and next to temporary waterways. [2]
There are four known subspecies, most of them occurring solely in Portugal:
Euphorbia paniculata subsp. calcicola(U.Schwarzer & Vicens):Native to the Sagres Peninsula in the extreme southwest of Portugal. [3] [4]
Euphorbia paniculata subsp. monchiquensis((Franco & P.Silva) Vicens, Molero & C.Blanché): Native to the Monchique Range in southwest Portugal. Classified as Near Threatened. [5] [6]
Euphorbia paniculata subsp. paniculata: Native to the Iberian Peninsula and the northern littoral Maghreb. [7]
Euphorbia paniculata subsp. welwitschii((Boiss. & Reut.) Vicens, Molero & C.Blanché): Native to the area that comprises Estremadura in western central Portugal. Classified as Near Threatened. [8] [9]
Calendula is a genus of about 15–20 species of annual and perennial herbaceous plants in the daisy family Asteraceae that are often known as marigolds. They are native to southwestern Asia, western Europe, Macaronesia, and the Mediterranean. Other plants are also known as marigolds, such as corn marigold, desert marigold, marsh marigold, and plants of the genus Tagetes.
Reseda, also known as the mignonette, is a genus of fragrant herbaceous plants native to Europe, southwest Asia and North Africa, from the Canary Islands and Iberia east to northwest India. The genus includes herbaceous annual, biennial and perennial species 40–130 cm tall. The leaves form a basal rosette at ground level, and then spirally arranged up the stem; they can be entire, toothed or pinnate, and range from 1–15 cm long. The flowers are produced in a slender spike, each flower small, white, yellow, orange, or green, with four to six petals. The fruit is a small dry capsule containing several seeds.
Anthyllis is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family Fabaceae. This genus contains both herbaceous and shrubby species and is distributed in Europe, the Middle East and North Africa. The most widespread and familiar species is A. vulneraria, a familiar grassland flower which has also been introduced to New Zealand.
Rhododendron ponticum, called common rhododendron or pontic rhododendron, is a species of Rhododendron native to the Iberian Peninsula in southwest Europe and the Caucasus region in northern West Asia.
Erysimum nevadense is a perennial short-lived herb endemic to the Sierra Nevada of Spain, although there are some citations in the nearby Sierra de Gádor (Almería). This wallflower occurs between 1,700–2,700 m above sea level in subalpine scrublands and alpine meadows. It may be treated as a single species with six subspecies, or as a group or complex of six separate species.
Galium glaucum or waxy bedstraw is a plant species of the Rubiaceae. It is native to central Europe from Portugal to Ukraine, and sparingly naturalized in a few locations in North America.
Paeonia broteri is a perennial, herbaceous species of peony. It is an endemic species of the Iberian Peninsula. It bears rose-pink highly fragrant flowers about 12 cm wide and glossy green leaves. It reaches up to 40 centimetres (16 in) in height. Its common name in Portugal is rosa-albardeira, and in Spain albardera and matagallinas.
Euphorbia stygiana is a species of perennial evergreen shrub in the family Euphorbiaceae, endemic to several islands of the Azores. It has a critically endangered subspecies with only 20 known remaining mature individuals in the wild.
Allium akaka is a species of onion native to Iran.
Narcissus gaditanus is a species of the genus Narcissus (daffodils) in the family Amaryllidaceae. It is classified in Section Juncifolii, and is native to the southern Iberian Peninsula.
Centaurea alba is a species of Centaurea found in the Iberian Peninsula in southern and central Spain and in a small neighbouring area in the interior of Portugal. There are three recognised subspecies, and of one subspecies, the nominate, there are furthermore three varieties.
Fritillaria lusitanica is a species of plant in the lily family, endemic to the Iberian Peninsula.
Euphorbia clavarioides is a species of herbaceous plant in the family Euphorbiaceae. It is native to Botswana, Lesotho, and South Africa. It may grow to 18 cm in diameter, with a height of 30 cm. Its flowers are yellow.
Digitalis mariana is a flowering plant species in the family Plantaginaceae. It is a perennial foxglove with evergreen foliage and rose-red coloured flowers produced in summer. It is native to Portugal and Spain.
Euphorbia pedroi is a species of flowering plant in the family Euphorbiaceae endemic to the Arrábida Natural Park in Portugal. Its binominal name is dedicated to José Gomes Pedro (1915-2010) a Portuguese agronomist/botanist, who studied the flora and vegetation of Arrábida and Mozambique.
Carex lepidocarpa, called the long-stalked yellow-sedge, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Carex, native to eastern Canada, Morocco, and most of Europe. It is a member of the Carex flava species complex.
Armeria welwitschii is a species of flowering plant in the thrift family (Plumbaginaceae), endemic to central coastal Portugal. It is often cultivated as an ornamental in rock gardens.
