| Euprymna berryi | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Cephalopoda |
| Order: | Sepiida |
| Family: | Sepiolidae |
| Subfamily: | Sepiolinae |
| Genus: | Euprymna |
| Species: | E. berryi |
| Binomial name | |
| Euprymna berryi | |
Euprymna berryi, commonly called hummingbird bobtail squid or Berry's bobtail squid among various other vernacular names, is a species of mollusc cephalopod in the family Sepiolidae. [3]
The hummingbird bobtail squid is a small sized sepia. Its size varies according to the sex; males are no bigger than 3 centimetres (1.2 in) while the female reaches 5 centimetres (2.0 in) length. [4] The global body aspect is compact and rounded. It possesses eight arms and two tentacles, a pair of small lateral fins on the posterior part of the mantle. The background color of the body is translucent with a large number of tiny dark chromatophores. The chromatophores are widely distributed over all of the body including the arms, head, ventral and dorsal areas of the mantle, except the tentacles and the pair of lateral fins of which only the border with the mantle has chromatophores. The external color of the sepia, as we see it, is like a blend of small dark, electric blue and green dots.
The hummingbird bobtail squid is widespread throughout the tropical waters of the central Indo-Pacific area from Indonesia to the Philippines. [5] It is also possible that a larger distribution could reach the Andaman Islands, Sri Lanka and the western coast of India (some specimens were collected by scientists in 200-/2007). [6] Euprymna berryi occupies the benthic layer, as it prefers sandy or fine sediments seafloors in which it can easily bury itself in case of danger or to rest in during the day. [7]
The hummingbird bobtail squid demonstrates nocturnal activity, and during daytime it usually stays buried in its preferred substrate. To hunt its prey at night, it uses a bioluminescent organ located in the gill cavity which just emits enough light not to reveal its silhouette to potential predators. [8] It feeds on mainly small benthic crustaceans. [9]
Myopsida is one of the four orders of squid. It consists of two families: the monotypic Australiteuthis and the diverse and commercially important Loliginidae. Some taxonomists classify this taxon as a suborder of the order Teuthida, in which case it is known as Myopsina. This reclassification is due to Myopsina and Oegopsina not being demonstrated to form a clade.
A. aldrichi is a small species of squid found in northern Australian waters. The species was described by Chung Cheng Lu in 2005 based on specimens collected in the inshore waters of Northern Australia. The largest known individual of this species is a mature female measuring 27.6 mm (1.09 in) in mantle length (ML). The holotype is a mature male of 21.3 mm (0.84 in) ML. A live specimen of A. aldrichi has yet to be recorded.
The common cuttlefish or European common cuttlefish is one of the largest and best-known cuttlefish species. They are a migratory species that spend the summer and spring inshore for spawning and then move to depths of 100–200 metres (330–660 ft) during autumn and winter. They grow to 49 centimetres (19 in) in mantle length and 4 kilograms (8.8 lb) in weight. Animals from subtropical seas are smaller and rarely exceed 30 centimetres (12 in) in mantle length.
Euprymna stenodactyla is a species of bobtail squid.
Sepia mestus, also known as the reaper cuttlefish or red cuttlefish, is a species of cuttlefish native to the southwestern Pacific Ocean, specifically Escape Reef off Queensland to Murrays Beach off Jervis Bay. Reports of this species from China and Vietnam are now known to be misidentifications. S. mestus lives at a depth of between 0 and 22 m.
Euprymna albatrossae is a species of bobtail squid native to the western Pacific Ocean off the Philippines and Japan. The depth range of E. albatrossae is unknown. The type specimens were collected using a nightlight.
Euprymna hoylei is a species of bobtail squid native to the tropical waters of the Indo-Pacific, specifically the western Pacific Ocean and northwestern Australia. Little is known about the size range of this species.
Euprymna penares is a species of bobtail squid native to waters of the Indo-Pacific; its exact distribution is unknown. Little is known about the size range of this species.
Euprymna phenax is a species of bobtail squid native to the waters of the Indo-Pacific, off the Philippines and possibly in the East China Sea. The depth range of this species is unknown. It was originally collected at nightlight.
Rossia megaptera, also known as the big-fin bobtail squid, is a species of bobtail squid native to the northwestern Atlantic Ocean, specifically Davis Strait, western Greenland, and off New York, in Hudson Canyon. It lives at depths from 179 to 1,536 m. It can grow up to 41 mm in mantle length.
Rossia palpebrosa, also known as the warty bobtail squid, is a species of bobtail squid native to the northern Atlantic Ocean.
Inioteuthis is a genus of bobtail squid comprising three species.
Sepiola atlantica, also known as the Atlantic bobtail, is a species of bobtail squid native to the northeastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.
Stoloteuthis maoria is a species of bobtail squid native to the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It occurs in Cook Strait and Chatham Rise off North Island in New Zealand, and has also been recorded from the Nazca and Sala y Gomez submarine ridges in the eastern Pacific.
Sepiella inermis is a species of cuttlefish in the family Sepiidae. S. inermis is indigenous to the Indo-Pacific region. In this region, Sepiella inermis is an economically important species, and is sold and eaten.
Sepia trygonina, the trident cuttlefish, is a species of cuttlefish in the genus Sepia from the Red Sea and the western Indian Ocean. They are also a major source of food for larger marine life like dolphins, seals, and even birds.
Euprymna morsei, the Mimika bobtail squid, is a species of Indo-Pacific bobtail squid from the family Sepiolidae.
Gonatopsis borealis, the Boreopacific armhook squid, is a species of squid from the North Pacific Ocean. It is a member of the family Gonatidae. It is an abundant species which is currently caught mainly as a bycatch by fishing boats targeting other quarry. It is an important prey species for many commercially important species of fish, as well as for marine mammals.
Rossia is a genus of 10 species of benthic bobtail squid in the family Sepioidae found in all oceans. They live at depths greater than 50 m (164 ft) and can grow up to 9 cm in mantle length. This genus was first discovered in 1832 by Sir John Ross and his nephew James Clark Ross in the Arctic Seas, showing a resemblance to another genus under the same family, Sepiola. After returning from their expedition, Sir Richard Owen officially classified Rossia to be a new genus, naming it after Sir John and James Clark Ross.
