Euura bridgmanii

Euura bridgmanii
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Hymenoptera
Suborder:	Symphyta
Family:	Tenthredinidae
Genus:	Euura
Species:	E. bridgmanii
Binomial name
Euura bridgmanii (Cameron, 1883)
Synonyms
Pontania bridgmani Pontania obscuraKopelke 2005 Euura abditaKopelke 2014

Euura bridgmanii is a species of sawfly belonging to the family Tenthredinidae (common sawflies). The larvae feed on the leaves of sallows ( Salix species). It was first described by the entomologist Peter Cameron in 1883.

Description of the gall

The gall is formed when the female lays her eggs and injects a substance into the leaf. Up to 8 mm x 6 mm in size, the ovoid gall is similar to E. proxima but often develops near to or on the midrib. At first the galls are green, and as the larva grows, soften and turn red. It often has a thin red rim on the upper surface. ^[1]

Galls of E. bridgmani are found on eared willow (S. aurita), goat willow (S. caprea), grey willow (S. cinerea), S.appendiculata, S. foetidal, halberd willow (S. hastata), tea-leaved willow (S. phylicifolia), S. silesiaca, S. starkeana and S. waldsteiniana. ^[2]

Euura bridgmani is one of three closely related species in the Euura proxima group. The others members of the group are,

• E. proxima (Serville, 1823)
• E. triandrae (Benson, 1941) ^[3]

Distribution

This species is found in western, central and northern Europe including France, Great Britain, the Netherlands, Norway and Sweden. ^{[2] [3] [4]}

Inquilines

Euphranta toxoneura (Loew, 1846) is an inquiline of E. bridgmani and E. proxima. The host larva is killed by the fly and the inquiline feeds on the interior of the gall. When fully grown the inquiline larva leaves the gall, pupating in the soil. ^[5]

References

1. Chinery, Michael (2011). Britain's Plant Galls. Old Basing, Hampshire: WildGuides Ltd. p. 65. ISBN   978-190365743-0.
2. Ellis, W N. "Euura bridgmanii (Cameron, 1883)". Plant Parasites of Europe. Retrieved 30 June 2018.
3. Liston, Andrew D; Heibo, Erik; Prous, Marko; Vardal, Hege; Nyman, Tommi; Vikberg, Veli (2017). "North European gall-inducing Euura sawflies (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae, Nematinae)". Zootaxa. 4302 (1): 83–85. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4302.1.1 . ISSN   1175-5334.
4. Redfern, Margaret; Shirley, Peter; Boxham, Michael (2011). British Plant Galls (Second ed.). Shrewsbury: Field Study Council. pp. 282–299. ISBN   978-185153-284-1.
5. Ellis, W N. "Euphranta toxoneura (Loew, 1846)". Plant Parasites of Europe. Retrieved 30 June 2018.