Euura bridgmanii

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Euura bridgmanii
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hymenoptera
Suborder: Symphyta
Family: Tenthredinidae
Genus: Euura
Species:
E. bridgmanii
Binomial name
Euura bridgmanii
Synonyms

Pontania bridgmani
Pontania obscuraKopelke 2005
Euura abditaKopelke 2014

Contents

Euura bridgmanii is a species of sawfly belonging to the family Tenthredinidae (common sawflies). The larvae feed on the leaves of sallows ( Salix species). It was first described by the entomologist Peter Cameron in 1883.

Description of the gall

The gall is formed when the female lays her eggs and injects a substance into the leaf. Up to 8 mm x 6 mm in size, the ovoid gall is similar to E. proxima but often develops near to or on the midrib. At first the galls are green, and as the larva grows, soften and turn red. It often has a thin red rim on the upper surface. [1]

Galls of E. bridgmani are found on eared willow (S. aurita), goat willow (S. caprea), grey willow (S. cinerea), S.appendiculata, S. foetidal, halberd willow (S. hastata), tea-leaved willow (S. phylicifolia), S. silesiaca, S. starkeana and S. waldsteiniana. [2]

Euura bridgmani is one of three closely related species in the Euura proxima group. The others members of the group are,

Distribution

This species is found in western, central and northern Europe including France, Great Britain, the Netherlands, Norway and Sweden. [2] [3] [4]

Inquilines

Euphranta toxoneura (Loew, 1846) is an inquiline of E. bridgmani and E. proxima. The host larva is killed by the fly and the inquiline feeds on the interior of the gall. When fully grown the inquiline larva leaves the gall, pupating in the soil. [5]

Related Research Articles

<i>Euura</i> Genus of sawflies

Euura is a genus of sawflies of the family Tenthredinidae, subfamily Nematinae. Some of the larvae feed externally on plants and some form plant galls on willows (Salix species). In the case of the gall-forming species, when the female lays her eggs she injects a stimulant and the gall starts to form before the eggs hatch. Most sawfly galls are hard and individual larva tend to inhabit the gall, feeding on the tissue and leave the gall to pupate in the soil. Most of the species are monophages although the type species, Euura mucronata, is polyphagous feeding on over thirty species of willow.

Euura amerinae is a species of sawfly belonging to the family Tenthredinidae. The larvae form galls on bay willow. It was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1758.

Euura auritae is a species of sawfly belonging to the family Tenthredinidae. The larvae forms galls on willows. It was first described by Jens-Peter Kopelke in 2000. E. auritae is one of a number of closely related species which is known as the Euura atra subgroup.

Euura salicispurpureae is a species of sawfly belonging to the family Tenthredinidae. It was first described by Jens-Peter Kopelke in 2014. The larvae feed within galls on willows. E. salicispurpureae is one of a number of closely related species known as the Euura atra subgroup.

<i>Euura venusta</i> Species of sawfly

Euura venusta is a species of sawfly belonging to the family Tenthredinidae. The larvae feed within the leaf-stalk of willows forming a gall. The sawfly was first described by Carl Gustav Alexander Brischke in 1883.

Euura testaceipes is a species of sawfly belonging to the family Tenthredinidae. The larvae feed within the leaf-stalk (petiole), or midrib of a leaf, on willows forming a gall. The sawfly was first described by Carl Gustav Alexander Brischke in 1883. E. testaceipes is one of three closely related species known as the Euura amerinae species subgroup. The other members of the group are E. amerinae and E. venusta

Euura dolichura is a species of sawfly belonging to the family Tenthredinidae. It was first described by Carl Gustaf Thomson in 1871. The larvae feed within galls on the leaves of willow. Some of the Euura species of sawfly are closely related and placed in groups of similar species. E. dolichura is a member of the Euura dolichura species group.

Euura nigricantis is a species of sawfly belonging to the family Tenthredinidae. The larvae feed within galls on the leaves of dark-leaved willow. It was described by Jens-Peter Kopelke in 1986.

<i>Euura proxima</i> Species of sawfly

Euura proxima is a species of sawfly belonging to the family Tenthredinidae. The larvae feed on the leaves of willows, creating galls. It was described by Jean Guillaume Audinet-Serville in 1823. The species was placed in the genus Euura in 2014 and was previously known as Nematus proximus and Pontania proxima.

Euura triandrae is a species of sawfly belonging to the family Tenthredinidae. The larvae feed on the leaves of almond willow and was first described in 1941.

Euura vesicator is a species of sawfly belonging to the family Tenthredinidae. The larvae feed internally in a gall on the leaves of purple willow and its hybrids. It was first described by Johann Jacob Bremi-Wolf in 1849.

Euura pustulator is a species of sawfly belonging to the family Tenthredinidae. The larvae feed internally in a gall formed on the leaves of tea-leaved willow and diamondleaf willow.

Euura herbaceae is a species of sawfly belonging to the family Tenthredinidae. The larvae feed internally in a gall formed on the leaves of dwarf willow and polar willow. Galls of E. aquilonis are similar and the larvae need to be examined to tell them apart.

Euura aquilonis is a species of sawfly belonging to the family Tenthredinidae. The larvae feed internally in a gall formed on the leaves of dwarf willow and polar willow. Galls of E. herbaceae are similar and the larvae need to be examined to tell them apart.

Euura arbusculae is a species of sawfly belonging to the family Tenthredinidae. The larvae feed internally in a gall formed on the leaves of mountain willow.

Euura crassipes is a species of sawfly belonging to the family Tenthredinidae and was first described by Carl Gustaf Thomson in 1871. The larvae feed internally in a gall formed on the leaves of downy willow.

<i>Euura pedunculi</i> Species of sawfly

Euura pedunculi is a species of sawfly belonging to the family Tenthredinidae. The larva feed within galls on the leaves of sallows. It was first described by Theodor Hartig in 1837.

Euura collactanea is a species of sawfly belonging to the family Tenthredinidae. The larva feed within galls on the leaves of willows. It was first described by Arnold Förster in 1854.

Euura arcticornis is a species of sawfly belonging to the family Tenthredinidae. The larva feed within galls on the leaves of willows. It was first described by Friedrich Wilhelm Konow in 1904.

Euura samolad is a species of sawfly belonging to the family Tenthredinidae. The larva feed within galls on the leaves of willows. It was first described by René Malaise in 1920.

References

  1. ↑ Chinery, Michael (2011). Britain's Plant Galls. Old Basing, Hampshire: WildGuides Ltd. p. 65. ISBN   978-190365743-0.
  2. 1 2 Ellis, W N. "Euura bridgmanii (Cameron, 1883)". Plant Parasites of Europe. Retrieved 30 June 2018.
  3. 1 2 Liston, Andrew D; Heibo, Erik; Prous, Marko; Vardal, Hege; Nyman, Tommi; Vikberg, Veli (2017). "North European gall-inducing Euura sawflies (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae, Nematinae)". Zootaxa. 4302 (1): 83–85. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4302.1.1 . ISSN   1175-5334.
  4. ↑ Redfern, Margaret; Shirley, Peter; Boxham, Michael (2011). British Plant Galls (Second ed.). Shrewsbury: Field Study Council. pp. 282–299. ISBN   978-185153-284-1.
  5. ↑ Ellis, W N. "Euphranta toxoneura (Loew, 1846)". Plant Parasites of Europe. Retrieved 30 June 2018.
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