| Fimbristylis dura | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Clade: | Commelinids |
| Order: | Poales |
| Family: | Cyperaceae |
| Genus: | Fimbristylis |
| Species: | F. dura |
| Binomial name | |
| Fimbristylis dura (Zoll. & Moritzi) Merr. | |
Fimbristylis dura is a perennial grass-like plant with short, rarely creeping, woody rhizomes. They are commonly found in marshy areas in the evergreen forests of eastern Asia. [1]
Fimbristylis dura belongs to the family Cyperaceae, commonly known as the sedge family. It is a herbaceous perennial species, with its flowering and fruiting occurring from July to March. The plant is primarily distributed in the Indian state of Kerala, particularly in districts such as Palakkad, Idukki, Kollam, and Thiruvananthapuram. Globally, it is found in the Indo-Malaysian region. [2]
Fimbristylis dura is characterized by its perennial nature and short rhizomes. Its stems are solitary or form tufts, reaching heights of 40-50 cm, with acutely four-angled and rough surfaces. The leaves are flat, measuring 30–40 x 0.6 cm, and have a scabrid texture. The plant produces numerous spikelets that are elliptic, solitary, and peduncles, with brown ovate glumes. It is commonly found in open forests as well as along riverbanks and occasionally in rice fields, typically at elevations of up to 1,000 meters. [3]
Fimbristylis dura is occasionally harvested for local medicinal purposes, particularly for women after childbirth. Its distribution extends across East Asia, including southern China, India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, and Indonesia. In its habitat, it thrives in grassy areas within open forests, with occasional sightings in rice fields and along riverbanks, typically ranging from 5 to 600 meters above sea level. [4]
Radermachera is a genus of about 17 species of flowering plants in the family Bignoniaceae, native to southeastern Asia. They are evergreen trees reaching 5–40 m tall, with bipinnate or tripinnate leaves, and panicles of large bell-shaped, white, pink, pale purple or yellow flowers 5–7 cm diameter.
Averrhoa bilimbi is a fruit-bearing tree of the genus Averrhoa, family Oxalidaceae. It is believed to be originally native to the Maluku Islands of Indonesia but has naturalized and is common throughout Southeast Asia. It is cultivated in parts of tropical South Asia and the Americas. It bears edible extremely sour fruits. It is a close relative of the carambola tree.
Shirakiopsis is a genus of flowering plants in the family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1999. There are six known species, 3 native to tropical Asia and 3 to tropical Africa.
Chionanthus, common name: fringetrees, is a genus of about 140 species of flowering plants in the family Oleaceae.
Zoysia matrella (L.) Merr., commonly known as Manila grass, is a species of mat-forming, perennial grass native to temperate coastal southeastern Asia and northern Australasia, from southern Japan, Taiwan, and southern China south through Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines to northern Australia, and west to the Cocos Islands in the eastern Indian Ocean.
Hiptage benghalensis, often simply called hiptage, is a perennial, evergreen liana native to India, Southeast Asia, Taiwan, and the Philippines. Its habitat is variable and prefers climates ranging from warm temperate to tropical. In Hawaii, where H. benghalensis is considered a weed, as it is in Australia, Mauritius and Réunion, it grows from sea level to 1,000 m (3,281 ft). H. benghalensis is cultivated for its white-pink scented flowers.
Gymnostachyum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Acanthaceae. It includes 50 species native to tropical Asia, ranging from the Indian subcontinent through Indochina to southern China, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Java, and the Philippines.
Memecylon is a plant group in Melastomataceae. It consists of 350-400 species of small to medium-sized trees and shrubs occurring in the Old World tropics. Memecylon is a monophyletic group basal to the Melastomataceae clade. Memecylon taxa have more than 600 published basionyms. Diversity of this group is concentrated in tropical Africa, Madagascar, Sri Lanka, India and Malaysia.
Fimbristylis is a genus of sedges. A plant in this genus may be known commonly as a fimbry or fimbristyle. There are 200 to 300 species distributed worldwide. Several continents have native species but many species have been introduced to regions where they are not native. Some are considered weeds. These are typical sedges in appearance, with stiff, ridged stems and cone-shaped terminal panicles of spikelets. They are found in wet environments, and are most diverse in tropical and subtropical regions.
Liriope spicata is a species of low, herbaceous flowering plant from East Asia. Common names include creeping lilyturf, creeping liriope, lilyturf, and monkey grass. This perennial has grass-like evergreen foliage and is commonly used in landscaping in temperate climates as groundcover. Creeping lilyturf has white to lavender flowers which produce single-seeded berries on a spike in the fall. It is one of the most popular groundcovers in the southeastern United States and areas with a similar climate.
Oldeania alpina, the African alpine bamboo, is a perennial bamboo of the family Poaceae and the genus Yushania. It can be found growing in dense but not large stands on the mountains and volcanoes surrounding the East African Rift between 2,500 meters and 3,300 meters elevation.
Blumea is a genus of flowering plants of the family Asteraceae.
Spatholobus is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family Fabaceae. It includes 35 species of lianas which range from the Indian subcontinent to Indochina, southern China, and western Malesia. It grows in seasonally-dry to evergreen tropical forest and thicket, often on rocky slopes and in disturbed areas. It belongs to subfamily Faboideae.
Leersia virginica, commonly known as whitegrass, white cutgrass, or Virginian cutgrass, is a perennial grass that is native to eastern North America, typically found in partially shaded low-lying wet areas.
Adina is a genus of 12 species of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. They are shrubs or small trees, native to East Asia and Southeast Asia.
Panicum repens is a species of grass known by many common names, including torpedo grass, creeping panic, panic rampant, couch panicum, wainaku grass, quack grass, dog-tooth grass, and bullet grass. Its exact native range is obscure. Sources suggest that the grass is native to "Africa and/or Asia", "Europe or Australia", "Eurasia", "Australia", "Europe, Asia, and Africa", or other specific regions, including the Mediterranean, Israel, and Argentina. It is present in many places as an introduced species and often a noxious weed. It has been called "one of the world's worst weeds."
Eriophorum scheuchzeri is a species of flowering plant in the sedge family known by the common names Scheuchzer's cottongrass and white cottongrass. It has an arctic circumpolar and circumboreal distribution in the Northern Hemisphere. It can be found in Alaska, across Canada, in the Arctic islands, Greenland, Iceland, and across Eurasia. Disjunct occurrences exist in the Rocky Mountains, in the high mountains of southern Europe and on Mount Daisetsu in Japan and some other Asian mountains.
Fimbristylis dichotoma, commonly known as forked fimbry or eight day grass, is a sedge of the family Cyperaceae that is native to tropical areas.
Memecylon lilacinum is a tree species in the Melastomataceae family. It is usually an understorey species in closed forests. It is native to an area of tropical Asia, from Jawa to Philippines to Vietnam and the Andaman Islands and Myanmar. It is a food plant for the macaque Macaca facsicularis and a bee in the Megachilidae family.
Abildgaardia ovata, synonyms including Abildgaardia monostachya and Fimbristylis ovata, is a perennial herb of the genus Abildgaardia and the family Cyperaceae. It is a widespread species that can be found in West, Southern and East Africa, Florida, Mexico, the Caribbean and in some countries of Latin America.
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