Author | eds. T. G. Tutin, V. H. Heywood, N. A. Burges, D. H. Valentine, S. M. Walters, D. A. Webb |
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Publisher | Cambridge University Press |
Publication date | 6 December 2001 |
Publication place | United Kingdom |
Media type | Hardback (5 vols) + CD |
Pages | 2392 |
ISBN | 978-0-521-80570-4 |
The Flora Europaea is a 5-volume encyclopedia of plants, published between 1964 and 1993 by Cambridge University Press. The aim was to describe all the national Floras of Europe in a single, authoritative publication to help readers identify any wild or widely cultivated plant in Europe to the subspecies level. It also provides information on geographical distribution, habitat preference, and chromosome number, where known.
The Flora was released in CD form in 2001, and the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh have made an index to the plant names available online.
The idea of a pan-European Flora was first mooted at the 8th International Congress of Botany in Paris in 1954. [1] In 1957, Britain's Science and Engineering Research Council provided grants to fund a secretariat of three people, [2] and Volume 1 was published in 1964. More volumes were issued in the following years, culminating in 1980 with the monocots of Volume 5. The royalties were put into a trust fund administered by the Linnean Society, which allowed funding for Dr John Akeroyd to continue work on the project. [3] A revised Volume 1 was launched at the Linnean Society on 11 March 1993.
The editors named on every edition are :
For the Revised Edition of Volume 1 only :
For the CD set only :
A panel of regional advisers was formed, in order to ensure full coverage of the whole of Europe. Several of the advisers were also authors in their respective taxonomic specialities. For each country the representatives were:
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The geographical distribution is indicated by a series of two letter codes.
Two Letter Code | Geographical Region |
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Al | Albania |
Au | Austria with Liechtenstein |
Az | Açores (Azores) |
Be | Belgium |
Bl | Islas Baleares (Balearic Islands) |
Br | Great Britain, including Orkney, Zetland and Isle of Man; excluding Channel Islands and Northern Ireland |
Bu | Bulgaria |
Co | Corse (Corsica) |
Cr | Kriti (Creta) (Crete) with Karpathos, Kasos and Gavdhos |
Cz | Czechoslovakia (Czech Republic and Slovak Republic) |
Da | Denmark |
Fa | Færöer (Faroe Islands) |
Fe | Finland (Fennia), including Ahvenanmaa (Åland) |
Ga | France (Gallia), with the Channel Islands (Îles Normandes) and Monaco; excluding Corse (Corsica) |
Ge | Germany |
Gr | Greece, excluding those islands included under Kriti (Crete) (supra) and those outside Europe as defined for Flora Europaea |
Hb | Ireland (Hibernia); both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland |
He | Switzerland (Helvetia) |
Ho | Netherlands (Hollandia) |
Hs | Spain (Hispania) with Gibraltar and Andorra; excluding Islas Baleares (Balearic Islands) |
Hu | Hungary |
Is | Iceland (Islandia) |
It | Italy, including the Arcipelago Toscano; excluding Sardegna and Sicilia |
Ju | Jugoslavia (Yugoslavia) |
Lu | Portugal (Lusitania) |
No | Norway |
Po | Poland |
Rm | Romania |
Rs | Territories of the former U.S.S.R. |
Rs(N) | Northern Division: Arctic Europe, Karelo-Lapland, Dvina-Pecora |
Rs(B) | Baltic Division: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Kaliningradskaja Oblast' |
Rs(C) | Central Division: Ladoga-Ilmen, Upper Volga, Volga-Kama, Upper Dnepr, Volga-Don, Ural |
Rs(W) | South-western Division: Moldavia, Middle Dnepr, Black Sea, Upper Dnestr |
Rs(K) | Krym (Crimea) |
Rs(E) | South-eastern Division: Lower Don, Lower Volga Region, Transvolga |
Sa | Sardegna (Sardinia) |
Sb | Svalbard, comprising Spitsbergen, Björnöya (Bear Island) and Jan Mayen |
Si | Sicilia, with Pantelleria, Isole Pelagie, Isole Lipari and Ustica; also the Malta archipelago |
Su | Sweden (Suecia), including Öland and Gotland |
Tu | Turkey (European part), including Gökçeada (Imroz) |
Actaea spicata, the baneberry or herb Christopher, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Actaea, native from Europe to western Siberia and northern Iran. It is often found on limestone edges and in deciduous woodland; key factors are shade, low competition, and a cool, protected root run.
Gagea serotina, synonym Lloydia serotina, is an Arctic–alpine flowering plant of the lily family. It is widespread across the mountainous parts of western North America, from Alaska to New Mexico, and in Europe is found in the Alps, the Carpathians and the mountains of Bulgaria, as well as in Great Britain. It is also native to much of Central Asia, Siberia, China, Nepal, Mongolia, Korea and Japan.
William Thomas Stearn was a British botanist. Born in Cambridge in 1911, he was largely self-educated and developed an early interest in books and natural history. His initial work experience was at a Cambridge bookshop, but he also had an occupation as an assistant in the university botany department. At the age of 29, he married Eldwyth Ruth Alford, who later became his collaborator.
Polygaloides chamaebuxus, synonym Polygala chamaebuxus, the shrubby milkwort, is an ornamental plant in the family Polygalaceae. Its flowers are solitary or in pairs in the leaf axils. The inner two sepals, the wings, are upright and white to yellow, sometimes pinkish or purple. The keel petals are bright yellow, aging to brownish-red or purple. It is native to the Alps and the mountains of west-central Europe. It was known to be grown in cultivation in about 1658 and was illustrated by Carolus Clusius. It has been given the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
Epilobium hirsutum is a flowering plant belonging to the willowherb genus Epilobium in the family Onagraceae. It is commonly known as the great willowherb, great hairy willowherb or hairy willowherb. Local names include codlins-and-cream, apple-pie and cherry-pie.
Peltaria is a genus of flowering plants in the family Brassicaceae. Their distribution ranges from Southeast Europe, Near East to Central Asia. They prefer rocky slopes.
John Gregory Hawkes OBE FLS was a British botanist, Mason Professor of Botany at the University of Birmingham.
Auctorum indicates that a name in botany and zoology is used in the sense of subsequent authors, and not in the sense as established by the original author. Its etymology derives from the Latin word for of authors, and is abbreviated auct. or auctt.
Salvatore Brullo is professor at University of Catania since 1980 teaching Systematic Botany, he obtained a degree in natural science in July 1970. For six years he was Director of the Department of Botany, at the University of Catania.
Tordylium maximum, known as hartwort, is an annual or biennial flowering plant in the carrot family (Apiaceae).
Cistus albidus, the grey-leaved cistus, is a shrubby species of flowering plant in the family Cistaceae, with pink to purple flowers, native to south-western Europe and western north Africa.
Cistus crispus is a shrubby species of flowering plant in the family Cistaceae, with pink to purple flowers, native to south-western Europe and western north Africa.
Aaron John Sharp, known professionally as Jack Sharp, was an American botanist and bryologist, considered an expert on mosses. The standard author abbreviation Sharp is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Edward Martyn Rix is a British botanist, collector, horticulturist and author. Following completion of a PhD on Fritillaria at Cambridge University, he worked in Zürich, Switzerland and at the Royal Horticultural Society gardens at Wisley. He is the author of many books and articles on plants and horticulture and is the editor of Curtis's Botanical Magazine, based at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew in London.
Carex davalliana, or Davall's sedge, is a species of sedge found in inland wetlands across continental Europe. It is dioecious, with male and female flowers on separate plants.
Epilobium alpestre is a species of willowherb in the family Onagraceae. It is native to Europe and Asia.
Verbascum lychnitis, the white mullein, is a flowering plant in the figwort family (Scrophulariaceae) native to Asia and Europe. It has naturalized in parts of North America. The species was first formally named by Carl Linnaeus in 1753. Despite its common name, the flowers can be white or yellow.
Gentiana alpina is a plant species from the Gentiana genus in the family Gentianaceae.
Scilla amoena, the star hyacinth or squill, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Scilla.
Aquilegia aurea is a species of flowering plant in the family Ranunculaceae native to Bulgaria and North Macedonia, where it is restricted to mountainous regions. In Bulgaria it grows in Vitosha, Rila, Pirin and the western Rhodope Mountains.