Ford Super Duty engine

Last updated
Ford Super Duty V8
Overview
Manufacturer Ford Motor Company
Production19581981
Layout
Configuration 90° V8
Displacement 401 cu in (6.6 L)
477 cu in (7.8 L)
534 cu in (8.8 L)
Cylinder bore
  • 4+18 in (104.8 mm)
  • 4+12 in (114.3 mm)
Piston stroke
  • 3+34 in (95.3 mm)
  • 4.2 in (106.7 mm)
Cylinder block materialCast iron
Cylinder head materialCast iron
Valvetrain OHV, 2 valves per cylinder
Compression ratio 7.5:1
Combustion
Turbocharger Twin-turbo on 534 cu in (8.8 L) marine version
Fuel typeGasoline
Cooling system Water-cooled
Output
Power output 226–266 hp (169–198 kW)
Torque output 350–490 lb⋅ft (475–664 N⋅m)
Dimensions
Dry weight 1,300 lb (590 kg) (marine version)
Chronology
Predecessor Lincoln Y-block
Successor Ford 385 V8

The Ford Super Duty engine is a range of V8 engines that were manufactured by Ford Motor Company. Introduced in 1958, the Super Duty engines replaced the Lincoln Y-block V8 (alongside the smaller Ford MEL V8 engines).

Contents

By the end of the 1970s, the use of the Super Duty engine began to decline in heavy trucks in favor of diesel-fueled engines; in medium-duty trucks, variants of the similar-displacement (but higher-efficiency) 385-series V8s became more commonly used. In 1981, Ford withdrew the Super Duty engine line.

Through its production, the Super Duty engines were assembled by Ford in its Cleveland Engine Plant #2 in Brook Park, Ohio. [1]

Design

The Super Duty engine is 90-degree overhead-valve V8 with angled piston decks. The cylinder heads are flat and the pistons are crowned to create a wedge-shaped combustion chamber within the cylinder bore; the compression ratio is 7.5:1 for all models. They are typically governed to 3400 rpm.

Three displacements were available during production: 401 cu in (6.6 L), 477 cu in (7.8 L) and 534 cu in (8.8 L); but however large, the 534 was very much smaller than the 1,100-cubic-inch (18.0 L) Ford GAA all aluminum 32 valve DOHC V8 (introduced during WW2), which was the largest displacement gasoline engine ever mass-produced by Ford Motor Company for use in land vehicles.

The 401 has a cylinder bore and a stroke of 4+18 in × 3+34 in (104.8 mm × 95.3 mm). The 477 shares the 401's stroke with a larger 4+12 in (114.3 mm) bore; the 534 has this same bore with a stroke of 4.2 in (106.7 mm).

The early Super Duty has a unique intake system where the intake plenum is connected directly to the cylinder head; all four cylinders pull the air/fuel mixture from a single "log" type port in the head. The engines could "spit" when cold and blow the choke plate out into the air cleaner because of the large port configuration. In later engines this was corrected with a conventional spider-type intake. The exhaust valves are filled with sodium to carry heat from the valve head to the valve spring, which would dissipate it into the oil coming off the rocker arm. (It is more likely that the sodium in the valve stems in these engines carried the heat to the coolant in the cylinder head, not to the valve springs.)

A marine version of the 534, the "Seamaster", was available from the Seamaster Marine Engine Co. starting in the late 1950s. It was available either naturally aspirated or with twin-turbochargers, and had a dry weight of over 1,300 lb (590 kg). [2]

Performance specifications
NameConfigurationBore x strokePower outputTorque output
SD-401401 cu in (6.6 L)4+18 in × 3+34 in (104.8 mm × 95.3 mm)226 hp (169 kW) @ 3600 rpm350 lb⋅ft (475 N⋅m) @ 2500-3600 rpm
SD-477477 cu in (7.8 L)4+12 in × 3+34 in (114.3 mm × 95.3 mm)253 hp (189 kW) @ 3400 rpm430 lb⋅ft (583 N⋅m) @ 2500-3000 rpm
SD-534534 cu in (8.8 L)4+12 in × 4.2 in (114.3 mm × 106.7 mm)266 hp (198 kW) @ 3200 rpm490 lb⋅ft (664 N⋅m) @ 1800-2300 rpm

Applications

Among the heaviest and highest-displacement V8 engines ever built by Ford, the Super Duty engines were never used in automobiles; its debut in medium and heavy trucks marked the renaming of Ford F-Series "Big Job" conventionals after the engine. Slotted above the 330, 361, and 391 FT V8s used in the medium-duty F-Series (F-500 to F-700 and B-series), the Super Duty was used in heavy-duty trucks, including the F-800, F-900 "Super Duty" conventionals.

Outside of the F-Series, the Super Duty engine was used in several model ranges of Ford heavy trucks, including:

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ford 385 engine</span> Reciprocating internal combustion engine

The Ford 385 engine family is a series of big-block V8 engines designed and manufactured by Ford Motor Company. The family derives its name from the 3.85-inch (98 mm) crankshaft stroke of the 460 cubic-inch V8 introduced in 1968. A 429 cu in (7.0 L) version was also introduced the same year, with a 370 cu in (6.1 L) variant appearing in 1977.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ford 335 engine</span> Reciprocating internal combustion engine

The Ford 335 engine family was a group of engines built by the Ford Motor Company between 1969 and 1982. The "335" designation reflected Ford management's decision to produce an engine of that size with room for expansion during its development. This engine family began production in late 1969 with a 351 cu in (5.8 L) engine, commonly called the 351C. It later expanded to include a 400 cu in (6.6 L) engine which used a taller version of the engine block, commonly referred to as a tall deck engine block, a 351 cu in (5.8 L) tall deck variant, called the 351M, and a 302 cu in (4.9 L) engine which was exclusive to Australia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ford small block engine</span> Reciprocating internal combustion engine

The Ford small-block is a series of 90° overhead valve small-block V8 automobile engines manufactured by the Ford Motor Company from July 1961 to December 2000.

The Y-block engine is a family of overhead valve V8 automobile engines produced by Ford Motor Company. The engine is well known and named for its deep skirting, which causes the engine block to resemble a Y. It was introduced in 1954 as a more modern replacement for the outdated side-valved Ford Flathead V8 and was used in a variety of Ford vehicles through 1964.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ford Modular engine</span> Engine family produced by Ford Motor Company

The Ford Modular engine is Ford Motor Company's overhead camshaft (OHC) V8 and V10 gasoline-powered small block engine family. Introduced in 1990, the engine family received its “modular” designation by Ford for its new approach to the setup of tooling and casting stations in the Windsor and Romeo engine manufacturing plants.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">General Motors LS-based small-block engine</span> Family of V8 and V6 engines

The General Motors LS-based small-block engines are a family of V8 and V6 engines designed and manufactured by American automotive company General Motors. First introduced in 1997, the family is a continuation of the earlier first- and second-generation Chevrolet small-block engine, of which over 100 million have been produced altogether, and is also considered to be one of the most popular V8 engines ever. Spanning three generations, a new, sixth generation is expected to enter production soon. Various small-block V8s were and still are available as crate engines.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chevrolet big-block engine</span> American V-8 car engine

The Chevrolet "big block" engine is a term for a series of large-displacement, naturally-aspirated, 90°, overhead valve, gasoline-powered, V8 engines; that were developed and produced by the Chevrolet Division of General Motors, from the 1950s until present.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chevrolet small-block engine (first- and second-generation)</span> Car engine

The Chevrolet small-block engine is a series of gasoline-powered V8 automobile engines, produced by the Chevrolet division of General Motors between 1954 and 2003, using the same basic engine block. Referred to as a "small-block" for its size relative to the physically much larger Chevrolet big-block engines, the small block family spanned from 262 cu in (4.3 L) to 400 cu in (6.6 L) in displacement. Engineer Ed Cole is credited with leading the design for this engine. The engine block and cylinder heads were cast at Saginaw Metal Casting Operations in Saginaw, Michigan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rover V8 engine</span> Reciprocating internal combustion engine

The Rover V8 engine is a compact V8 internal combustion engine with aluminium cylinder block and cylinder heads, originally designed by General Motors and later re-designed and produced by Rover in the United Kingdom. It has been used in a wide range of vehicles from Rover and other manufacturers since its British debut in 1967.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ford Power Stroke engine</span> Reciprocating internal combustion engine

Power Stroke, also known as Powerstroke or PowerStroke, is the name used by a family of diesel engines for trucks produced by Ford Motor Company and Navistar International for Ford products since 1994. Along with its use in the Ford F-Series, applications include the Ford E-Series, Ford Excursion, and Ford LCF commercial truck. The name was also used for a diesel engine used in South American production of the Ford Ranger.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Oldsmobile V8 engine</span> Reciprocating internal combustion engine

The Oldsmobile V8, also referred to as the Rocket, is a series of engines that was produced by Oldsmobile from 1949 until 1990. The Rocket, along with the 1949 Cadillac V8, were the first post-war OHV crossflow cylinder head V8 engines produced by General Motors. Like all other GM divisions, Olds continued building its own V8 engine family for decades, adopting the corporate Chevrolet 350 small-block and Cadillac Northstar engine only in the 1990s. All Oldsmobile V8s were manufactured at plants in Lansing, Michigan while the engine block and cylinder heads were cast at Saginaw Metal Casting Operations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Buick V8 engine</span> Reciprocating internal combustion engine

The Buick V8 is a family of V8 engines produced by the Buick division of General Motors between 1953 and 1981. The first version replaced the Buick straight-eight. Displacements vary from 215 cu in (3.5 L) to 455 cu in (7.5 L) for its last big block in 1976. All are naturally aspirated OHV pushrod engines, except for an optional turbocharged version of the short-lived 215 used in the 1962-63 Oldsmobile Jetfire.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cadillac V8 engine</span> Reciprocating internal combustion engine

The term Cadillac V8 may refer to any of a number of V8 engines produced by the Cadillac Division of General Motors since it pioneered the first such mass-produced engine in 1914.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ford flathead V8 engine</span> Reciprocating internal combustion engine

The Ford flathead V8 is a V8 engine with a flat cylinder head designed by the Ford Motor Company and built by Ford and various licensees. During the engine's first decade of production, when overhead-valve engines were used by only a small minority of makes, it was usually known simply as the Ford V‑8, and the first car model in which it was installed, the Model 18, was often called simply the "Ford V-8", after its new engine. Although the V8 configuration was not new when the Ford V8 was introduced in 1932, the latter was a market first in the respect that it made an 8-cylinder affordable and a V engine affordable to the emerging mass market consumer for the first time. It was the first independently designed and built V8 engine produced by Ford for mass production, and it ranks as one of the company's most important developments. A fascination with ever-more-powerful engines was perhaps the most salient aspect of the American car and truck market for a half century, from 1923 until 1973. The engine was intended to be used for big passenger cars and trucks; it was installed in such until 1953, making the engine's 21-year production run for the U.S. consumer market longer than the 19-year run of the Ford Model T engine for that market. The engine was on Ward's list of the 10 best engines of the 20th century. It was a staple of hot rodders in the 1950s, and it remains famous in the classic car hobbies even today, despite the huge variety of other popular V8s that followed.

The Ford Motor Company produced straight-six engines from 1906 until 1908 and from 1941 until 2016. In 1906, the first Ford straight-six was introduced in the Model K. The next was introduced in the 1941 Ford. Ford continued producing straight-six engines for use in its North American vehicles until 1996, when they were discontinued in favor of more compact V6 designs.

Ford developed the MEL ("Mercury-Edsel-Lincoln") engine series as the replacement for the Lincoln Y-block V8 engine for use in large passenger car applications. These engines were produced in Lima, Ohio at Ford's Lima Engine plant. They were in turn replaced by the 385 series engines.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">AMC V8 engine</span> American automobile engine

The AMC V8 may refer to either of two distinct OHV V8 engine designs that were developed and manufactured by American Motors Corporation (AMC). The engines were used in cars and trucks by AMC, Kaiser, and International Harvester as well as in marine and stationary applications.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lincoln Y-block V8 engine</span> Reciprocating internal combustion engine

The Lincoln Y-block V8 engine was Ford's earliest OHV V8 engine, introduced by Lincoln in the 1952 model year. Like the later and better-known but even more short-lived Ford Y-block engine, its block's deep skirts gave the block the appearance of the letter Y from the front.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chrysler Hemi engine</span> Series of I6 and V8 engines built by Chrysler

The Chrysler Hemi engines, known by the trademark Hemi or HEMI, are a series of American V8 gasoline engines built by Chrysler with overhead valve hemispherical combustion chambers. Three different types of Hemi engines have been built by Chrysler for automobiles: the first from 1951 to 1958, the second from 1964 to 1971, and the third beginning in 2003. Although Chrysler is most identified with the use of "Hemi" as a marketing term, many other auto manufacturers have incorporated similar designs. The engine block and cylinder heads were cast and manufactured at Indianapolis Foundry.

Boss is the internal name for a family of large-displacement V8 engines from Ford Motor Company intended to compete with Chrysler's Hemi and General Motors' 6.0 L Vortec engines. Originally, Ford developed the engine architecture under the name Hurricane; however, development of the engine was delayed because of its temporary cancellation in 2005. It was revived in early 2006 by Mark Fields and was given the new name of Boss in light of the devastation caused by Hurricane Katrina in 2005. In spite of this change, Ford did not officially market the engines with the Boss name in any production vehicle where they were used, instead referring to the engines by their displacement.

References

  1. History of Cleveland Manufacturing Plant, Ford Motor Co. via Allfordmustangs.com, Nov 5, 2004, retrieved 2018-09-08
  2. "Seamaster 534 engine specifications". Osco Motors. Retrieved 2018-09-08.