French destroyer Trident

Trident underway in harbor
History
France
Name	Trident
Namesake	Trident
Builder	Arsenal de Rochefort
Laid down	1905
Launched	5 December 1907
Stricken	13 November 1931
Fate	Sold for scrap, 29 November 1932
General characteristics
Class and type	Claymore-class destroyer
Displacement	356  t (350 long tons)
Length	58 m (190 ft 3 in) (waterline)
Beam	6.53 m (21 ft 5 in)
Draft	2.95 m (9 ft 8 in)
Installed power	2 Normand boilers 6,800  ihp (5,071  kW)
Propulsion	2 shafts; 2 triple-expansion steam engines
Speed	28 knots (52 km/h; 32 mph)
Range	2,300  nmi (4,300 km; 2,600 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph)
Complement	60
Armament	1 × 65 mm (2.6 in) gun 6 × 47 mm (1.9 in) Hotchkiss guns 2 × 450 mm (17.7 in) torpedo tubes

Trident was one of 13 Claymore-class destroyers built for the French Navy in the first decade of the 20th century.

Construction and career

Trident (Trident) was ordered on 5 July 1904 and was laid down at the Arsenal de Rochefort five days later. The ship was launched on 5 December 1907 and was assigned to the Northern Squadron after her completion on 11 January 1909. ^[1] The ship was transferred to the Mediterranean Sea in 1910 and assigned as a leader (lang|fr|divisionnaire) for a submarine unit at Toulon. She was reassigned to the 5th Destroyer Flotilla (5^e escadrille de torpilleurs) of the 1st Naval Army (1^ère Armée Navale) in 1913 and remained with the unit until 1918. ^[2]

During the preliminary stages of the Battle of Antivari on 16 August 1914 after the First World War began, the 1st, 4th and 5th Destroyer Flotillas were tasked to escort the core of the 1st Naval Army while the 2nd, 3rd and 6th Flotillas escorted the armored cruisers of the 2nd Light Squadron (2^e escadre légère) and two British cruisers. After reuniting both groups and spotting the Austro-Hungarian protected cruiser SMS Zenta and the destroyer SMS Ulan, the French destroyers played no role in sinking the cruiser, although the 4th Flotilla was sent on an unsuccessful pursuit of Ulan. Having broken the Austro-Hungarian blockade of Antivari (now known as Bar), Vice-Admiral (Vice-amiral) Augustin Boué de Lapeyrère, commander of the 1st Naval Army, decided to ferry troops and supplies to the port, escorted by the 2nd Light Squadron and the 1st and 6th Destroyer Flotillas while the rest of the 1st Naval Army bombarded the Austro-Hungarian naval base at Cattaro, Montenegro, on 1 September. Four days later, the fleet covered the evacuation of Danilo, Crown Prince of Montenegro to the Greek island of Corfu. The flotilla escorted multiple small convoys loaded with supplies and equipment to Antivari, beginning in October and lasting for the rest of the year, always covered by the larger ships of the Naval Army in futile attempts to lure the Austro-Hungarian fleet into battle. ^[3]

On 26 November, Trident and her sister ships Cognée and Coutelas escorted the predreadnought battleships Saint Louis and Charlemagne to join the Anglo-French forces blockading the Dardanelles to prevent a breakout into the Mediterranean by the ex-German battlecruiser Yavuz Sultan Selim and light cruiser Midilli. By February 1915 they had been joined by the rest of the Fifth Destroyer Flotilla, Poignard and her sisters Sabretache and Fanfare. ^[4]

Trident joined the patrol boats at Toulon in 1918 and, after the war, was assigned as a training ship to the stoker school (école de chauffe) there until she was struck from the naval register on 29 November 1930 and sold for scrap on 9 July 1931. ^[2]

Citations

1. Roberts, p. 381
2. Le Masson, p. 142
3. Freivogel, pp. 98–99, 117–121; Prévoteaux, I, pp. 27, 55–56, 59–62
4. Jordan & Caresse, p. 261; Prévoteaux, I, p. 129

Bibliography

• Campbell, N. J. M. (1979). "France". In Chesneau, Roger & Kolesnik, Eugene M. (eds.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905 . Greenwich: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 283–333. ISBN   0-8317-0302-4.
• Couhat, Jean Labayle (1974). French Warships of World War I. London: Ian Allan. ISBN   0-7110-0445-5.
• Freivogel, Zvonimir (2019). The Great War in the Adriatic Sea 1914–1918. Zagreb: Despot Infinitus. ISBN   978-953-8218-40-8.
• Jordan, John & Caresse, Philippe (2017). French Battleships of World War One. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN   978-1-59114-639-1.
• Le Masson, Henri (1967). Histoire du Torpilleur en France[History of the Torpedo-armed Ship in France]. Paris: Académie de marine. OCLC   491016784.
• Prévoteaux, Gérard (2017). La marine française dans la Grande guerre: les combattants oubliés: Tome I 1914–1915[The French Navy during the Great War: The Forgotten Combatants, Book I 1914–1915]. Collection Navires & Histoire des Marines du Mond. Vol. 23. Le Vigen, France: Éditions Lela presse. ISBN   978-2-37468-000-2.
• Prévoteaux, Gérard (2017). La marine française dans la Grande guerre: les combattants oubliés: Tome II 1916–1918[The French Navy during the Great War: The Forgotten Combatants, Book II 1916–1918]. Collection Navires & Histoire des Marines du Mond. Vol. 27. Le Vigen, France: Éditions Lela presse. ISBN   978-2-37468-001-9.
• Roberts, Stephen S. (2021). French Warships in the Age of Steam 1859–1914: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN   978-1-5267-4533-0.