Cellulase is any of several enzymes produced chiefly by fungi, bacteria, and protozoans that catalyze cellulolysis, the decomposition of cellulose and of some related polysaccharides:
A glucan is a polysaccharide derived from D-glucose, linked by glycosidic bonds. Glucans are noted in two forms: alpha glucans and beta glucans. Many beta-glucans are medically important. They represent a drug target for antifungal medications of the echinocandin class.
β-Amylase is an enzyme with the systematic name 4-α-D-glucan maltohydrolase. It catalyses the following reaction:
β-Glucosidase is an enzyme that catalyses the following reaction:
The term glycosynthase refers to a class of proteins that have been engineered to catalyze the formation of a glycosidic bond. Glycosynthase are derived from glycosidase enzymes, which catalyze the hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds. They were traditionally formed from retaining glycosidase by mutating the active site nucleophilic amino acid to a small non-nucleophilic amino acid. More modern approaches use directed evolution to screen for amino acid substitutions that enhance glycosynthase activity.
In biochemistry, glycoside hydrolases are a class of enzymes which catalyze the hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds in complex sugars. They are extremely common enzymes, with roles in nature including degradation of biomass such as cellulose (cellulase), hemicellulose, and starch (amylase), in anti-bacterial defense strategies, in pathogenesis mechanisms and in normal cellular function. Together with glycosyltransferases, glycosidases form the major catalytic machinery for the synthesis and breakage of glycosidic bonds.
Glucan 1,4-α-glucosidase is an enzyme located on the brush border of the small intestine with systematic name 4-α-D-glucan glucohydrolase. It catalyses the following chemical reaction
In enzymology, a xyloglucan-specific endo-beta-1,4-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.151) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a xyloglucan-specific exo-beta-1,4-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.155) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In molecular biology, Glycoside hydrolase family 12 is a family of glycoside hydrolases.
In molecular biology, Glycoside hydrolase family 16 is a family of glycoside hydrolases.
In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 3 is a family of glycoside hydrolases. Glycoside hydrolases EC 3.2.1. are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolases, based on sequence similarity, has led to the definition of over 100 different families. This classification is available on the CAZy web site, and also discussed at CAZypedia, an online encyclopedia of carbohydrate active enzymes.
In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 92 is a family of glycoside hydrolases.
In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 26 is a family of glycoside hydrolases.
Endo-1,3(4)-β-glucanase -β-D-glucan 3(4)-glucanohydrolase) is an enzyme with systematic name 3(or 4)-β-D-glucan 3(4)-glucanohydrolase. It catalyses the following chemical reaction
Glucan endo-1,3-α-glucosidase is an enzyme with systematic name 3-α-D-glucan 3-glucanohydrolase. It catalyses endohydrolysis of (1→3)-α-D-glucosidic linkages in isolichenan, pseudonigeran and nigeran
Lichenase is an enzyme with systematic name (1→3)-(1→4)-β-D-glucan 4-glucanohydrolase. It was named after its activity in on lichenin.
The enzyme glucan 1,4-β-glucosidase, also known as 4-β-D-glucan glucohydrolase, catalyses the hydrolysis of (1→4)-linkages in 1,4-β-D-glucans and related oligosaccharides, removing successive glucose units.
Glucan endo-1,6-β-glucosidase is an enzyme with systematic name 6-β-D-glucan glucanohydrolase. It catalyses random hydrolysis of (1→6)-linkages in (1→6)-β-D-glucans
Neopullulanase is an enzyme of the alpha-amylase family with systematic name pullulan 4-D-glucanohydrolase (panose-forming). This enzyme principally catalyses the following chemical reaction by cleaving pullulan's alpha-1,4-glucosidic bonds:
