Grevillea hilliana

Last updated

Grevillea hilliana
Grevillea hilliana.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Proteales
Family: Proteaceae
Genus: Grevillea
Species:
G. hilliana
Binomial name
Grevillea hilliana

Grevillea hilliana, commonly known as white silky oak, white yiel yiel, Hill's silky oak and grey oak, [3] is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a tree with lance-shaped to oblong or lobed adult leaves and cylindrical clusters of large numbers of white to pale green flowers.

Contents

Description

Grevillea hilliana is a tree that typically grows to a height of 8–30 m (30–100 ft). Young plants usually have divided leaves, mostly 250–400 mm (10–16 in) long and 150–300 mm (6–12 in) wide with three to ten linear to lance-shaped lobes 80–250 mm (3–10 in) long and 10–50 mm (0.4–2.0 in) wide, the lower surface silky-hairy. Adult leaves are lance-shaped to oblong, 90–240 mm (4–9 in) long and 15–60 mm (0.6–2.4 in) wide, or sometimes divided with four to six oblong to egg-shaped lobes 60–120 mm (2.4–4.7 in) long and 20–40 mm (0.8–1.6 in) wide and silky-hairy on the lower surface. The flowers are arranged in large, cylindrical groups 80–220 mm (3–9 in) long and are white to pale green, the pistil 13.5–16 mm (0.53–0.63 in) long and glabrous. Flowering mainly occurs from July to October, often in other months, and the fruit is a glabrous, oval to elliptic follicle 17–26 mm (0.7–1.0 in) long. [3] [4] [5] [6]

Taxonomy

Grevillea hilliana was first formally described in 1857 by Ferdinand von Mueller in the Transactions of the Philosophical Institute of Victoria from specimens collected in "forests at the Pine River of Moreton Bay" by Mueller and Walter Hill. [7] The specific epithet (hilliana) honours Walter Hill. [8]

Distribution and habitat

White silky oak grows in, or near the edges of rainforest in near-coastal areas from sea level to an altitude of 600 m (2,000 ft) and is found from near Cooktown in far northern Queensland to near the Brunswick River in north-eastern New South Wales. [3] [4] In New South Wales, it is only known from small, fragmented populations near Brunswick Heads and in remnant patches of habitat in the Tweed Shire. [1]

Conservation status

This grevillea is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species and under the Queensland Government Nature Conservation Act 1992 but as Endangered under the New South Wales Government Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016 . [1] [9] [10] It has a widespread distribution and does not face any major threats overall. Although it is widespread and locally common within Queensland, the New South Wales populations are small and fragmented, with an estimate of fewer than 100 mature individuals.

Related Research Articles

<i>Grevillea banksii</i> Species of plant in the family Proteaceae native to Queensland

Grevillea banksii, commonly known as Banks' grevillea, Byfield waratah, red flowered silky oak and dwarf silky oak, and in Hawaii as kāhili flower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to Queensland. It is an erect shrub or slender tree with divided leaves with four to twelve narrow lobes, and creamy white to bright scarlet and yellow flowers.

<i>Grevillea sericea</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to New South Wales, Australia

Grevillea sericea, commonly known as the pink spider flower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to New South Wales. It is a shrub with elliptic to lance-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base, and clusters of usually pink flowers arranged on one side of a flowering rachis.

<i>Grevillea victoriae</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to New South Wales and Victoria, Australia

Grevillea victoriae, also known as royal grevillea or mountain grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to mountainous regions of south-eastern continental Australia. It is an erect to spreading shrub with elliptic to lance-shaped leaves, and pendulous clusters of red to orange flowers.

<i>Grevillea oldei</i> Species of shrub

Grevillea oldei is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to a small area of eastern New South Wales. It is a diffuse shrub with narrowly egg-shaped to more or less triangular leaves, and red flowers.

<i>Grevillea diversifolia</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae native to Western Australia

Grevillea diversifolia, the variable-leaved grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect to prostrate shrub with simple or divided leaves and groups white to cream-coloured flowers with a dull red style.

<i>Grevillea burrowa</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae from the north-east of Victoria in Australia

Grevillea burrowa, commonly known as Burrowa grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to a restricted area of Victoria, Australia. It is a spreading shrub with oblong to egg-shaped leaves, and clusters of reddish-pink flowers.

<i>Grevillea irrasa</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to New South Wales, Australia

Grevillea irrasa is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to south-eastern New South Wales. It is an erect, spreading shrub with oblong to egg-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base, and clusters of red to apricot-coloured flowers.

<i>Grevillea brevifolia</i> Species of plant in the family Proteaceae native to Victoria and New South Wales in Australia

Grevillea brevifolia, commonly known as Cobberas grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to south-eastern continental Australia. It is a spreading shrub with hairy branchlets, elliptic leaves and clusters of hairy red flowers.

<i>Grevillea epicroca</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to the southeastern New South Wales, Australia

Grevillea epicroca is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to south-eastern New South Wales. It is a shrub with elliptic to lance-shaped leaves and red, silky-hairy flowers.

Grevillea cyranostigma, commonly known as Carnarvon grevillea or green grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the Carnarvon Range and adjacent areas of central Queensland. It is a spreading shrub with woolly-hairy to silky-hairy branchlets, narrowly oblong leaves, and pale green flowers.

<i>Grevillea wilkinsonii</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to New South Wales, Australia

Grevillea wilkinsonii, commonly known as Tumut grevillea, is species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to a restricted part of the south-east of New South Wales. It is an erect, spreading shrub with narrowly oblong to oblong leaves with well-spaced teeth on the edges, and clusters of brownish-pink to purple flowers with a lilac-pink style with a pale yellow tip.

<i>Grevillea evanescens</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea evanescens is an endangered species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect to spreading shrub with oblong to elliptic leaves and clusters of pale to bright red and cream-coloured flowers.

<i>Grevillea renwickiana</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to New South Wales, Australia

Grevillea renwickiana is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to south-eastern New South Wales. It is a prostrate, mat-forming shrub with pinnatifid to pinnatipartite leaves and clusters of cream-coloured to pale pink and purplish flowers.

<i>Grevillea quadricauda</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to New South Wales, Australia

Grevillea quadricauda, commonly known as four-tailed grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is an erect, dense, bushy shrub with narrowly egg-shaped to elliptic leaves and small, loose clusters of green and pinkish-red flowers.

<i>Grevillea humilis</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea humilis is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to eastern New South Wales. It is an erect to spreading shrub with narrowly elliptic to more or less linear leaves, and pink or white flowers.

<i>Grevillea dimidiata</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae native to Australia

Grevillea dimidiata, also known as the caustic bush or willings tree, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to northern Australia. It is a shrub or small tree with glabrous, more or less sickle-shaped, curved leaves with wavy edges, and cylindrical groups of greenish-white to cream-coloured flowers.

<i>Grevillea leiophylla</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Queensland, Australia

Grevillea leiophylla, commonly known as wallum grevillea, or dwarf spider oak, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to Queensland. It is a weakly erect to low-lying shrub with narrowly oblong to egg-shaped or more or less linear leaves, and clusters of pale to deep pink flowers.

<i>Grevillea muelleri</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea muelleri is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the a relatively small area of south-western Western Australia. It is a shrub with linear to narrowly oblong, or divided leaves with linear or narrowly egg-shaped lobes, more or less spherical clusters of white to cream-coloured flowers.

<i>Grevillea diffusa</i> Species of plant in the Proteaceae family

Grevillea diffusa is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the Sydney region of New South Wales. It is a low, compact shrub with elliptic to linear leaves, and dark red, or dark crimson to scarlet and burgundy-coloured flowers.

<i>Grevillea singuliflora</i> Species of plant in the Proteaceae family

Grevillea singuliflora is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to southeast Queensland. It is a sprawling or spreading shrub with oblong to egg-shaped or almost round leaves and green or cream-coloured flowers with a maroon style, arranged singly or in pairs on the ends of branches.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Forster, P. (2020). "Grevillea hilliana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020: e.T113020574A113309395. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T113020574A113309395.en . Retrieved 16 January 2024.
  2. "Grevillea hilliana". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 10 May 2022.
  3. 1 2 3 "Grevillea hilliana". Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants . Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO). Retrieved 3 March 2021.
  4. 1 2 "Grevillea hilliana". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 11 May 2022.
  5. Makinson, Robert O. "Grevillea hilliana". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 11 May 2022.
  6. "Grevillea hilliana (a tree) - endangered species listing". New South Wales Government Department of Planning and Environment. Retrieved 11 May 2022.
  7. "Grevillea hilliana". APNI. Retrieved 11 May 2022.
  8. von Mueller, Ferdinand (1857). "New Australian Plants". Transactions of the Philosophical Institute of Victoria. 2: 72–73. Retrieved 11 May 2022.
  9. "White Yiel Yiel (Grevillea hilliana)". New South Wales Government Office of Environment and Heritage. Retrieved 11 May 2022.
  10. "Species profile—Grevillea hilliana". Queensland Government Department of Environment and Science. Retrieved 11 May 2022.