Guido Biscaretti di Ruffia (28 October 1867 – 21 October 1946) was an Italian admiral and politician.
Di Ruffia was the son of Roberto Biscaretti di Ruffia, a senator of the Kingdom of Italy who was involved in the establishment of Fiat in 1899, [1] and noblewoman Beatrice Ferrero. He was the brother of technical designer, Carlo Biscaretti di Ruffia and grandson of senator and general Carlo Biscaretti di Ruffia. [2]
Having committed himself to a naval career, di Ruffia enrolled in the Italian Naval Academy on 18 October 1881. [2] He became a member of the Società Geografica Italiana in 1908 and developed an interest in military cartography for the Italian Regia Marina ("Royal Navy"). From 1911 to 1912 he took part in the Italo-Turkish War with the rank of frigate captain in command of the destroyer Artigliere. On 21 May 1916, during World War I, he was appointed aide-de-camp to King Victor Emmanuel III, and maintained the honorary title until 1917.
On 10 August 1923, di Ruffia became President of the Superior Navy Council, a post he held until 1 August 1925. He was promoted to squadron admiral in 1926 and became a senator of the Kingdom of Italy on 22 December 1928. [2]
Di Ruffia married Maria Voli and was father of two children, Roberto and Paolo. He left office in 1945 and died in Rome in 1946.
Ettore Bastico was an Italian field marshal who served as the commander of Axis forces in North Africa from 1941 to 1943 during World War II. In addition to being a general of the Royal Italian Army, he served as the governor of the Italian held Aegean islands and of Libya. After his time in the army, he became a military historian and published several books.
Emilio De Bono was an Italian general, fascist activist, marshal, war criminal, and member of the Fascist Grand Council. De Bono fought in the Italo-Turkish War, the First World War and the Second Italo-Abyssinian War. He was one of the key figures behind Italy's anti-partisan policies in Libya, such as the use of poison gas and concentration camps, which resulted in the deaths of tens of thousands of civilians and have been described as genocidal.
Armando Diaz, 1st Duke della Vittoria, was an Italian general and a Marshal of Italy. He is mostly known for his role as Chief of Staff of the Regio Esercito during World War I from November 1917. He managed to stop the Austro-Hungarian advance along the Piave River in the First Battle of Monte Grappa. In June 1918, he led the Italian forces to a major victory at the Second Battle of the Piave River. A few months later, he achieved a decisive victory in the Battle of Vittorio Veneto, which ended the war on the Italian Front. He is celebrated as one of the greatest generals of the war.
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Conte Carlo Biscaretti di Ruffia was an Italian artist, industrial designer, journalist and founder of the National Automobile Museum.
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Ildebrando Goiran was an Italian admiral and recipient of the Gold Medal of Military Valor.
Francesco Saverio Grazioli was an Italian general and politician who was a Senator of the Kingdom of Italy from May 10, 1929, to August 5, 1943. He was also a veteran of World War I, commanding the VIII Corps during the Italian front and at the Battle of Caporetto.
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