The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species, also known as the IUCN Red List or Red Data Book, founded in 1964, is an inventory of the global conservation status and extinction risk of biological species. A series of Regional Red Lists, which assess the risk of extinction to species within a political management unit, are also produced by countries and organizations.
The conservation status of a group of organisms indicates whether the group still exists and how likely the group is to become extinct in the near future. Many factors are taken into account when assessing conservation status: not simply the number of individuals remaining, but the overall increase or decrease in the population over time, breeding success rates, and known threats. Various systems of conservation status are in use at international, multi-country, national and local levels, as well as for consumer use such as sustainable seafood advisory lists and certification. The two international systems are by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES).
Guioa is a genus of about 78 rainforest tree species known to science, which constitute part of the plant family Sapindaceae. They have a wide distribution, ranging from throughout Malesia, in Burma, Cambodia, Vietnam, Thailand, Malay Peninsula, Borneo, Sumatra, Philippines, Java, Flores, Timor, Sulawesi, Moluccas, New Guinea, further southwards through the east coast of Queensland and New South Wales, Australia and further eastwards to the Pacific Islands, including Tonga, New Caledonia, Fiji and Samoa.
Lachenalia is a genus of bulbous perennial plants in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Scilloideae, which are usually found in Namibia and South Africa. Most of them have a dormancy period, but new roots will always grow every year.
Carpoxylon macrospermum is a species of palm tree endemic to Vanuatu, and the only species in the genus Carpoxylon.
Jubaeopsis caffra, the Pondoland palm, is a flowering plant species in the palm family (Arecaceae). It belongs to the monotypic genus Jubaeopsis.
Tectiphiala ferox, or palmiste bouglé, is a species of flowering plant in the family Arecaceae. It is endemic to Mauritius.
Gymnosporia is an Old World genus of plants, that comprise suffrutices, shrubs and trees. It was formerly considered congeneric with Maytenus, but more recent investigations separated it based on the presence of achyblasts and spines, alternate leaves or fascicles of leaves, an inflorescence that forms a dichasium, mostly unisexual flowers, and fruit forming a dehiscent capsule, with an aril on the seed. It is dioecious, with male and female flowers on separate plants.
Helicia is a genus of 110 species of trees and shrubs, constituting part of the plant family Proteaceae. They grow naturally in rainforests throughout tropical South and Southeast Asia, including India, Sri Lanka, Indochina, Peninsular Malaysia to New Guinea and as far south as New South Wales.
Maytenus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Celastraceae. Members of the genus are distributed throughout Central and South America, Southeast Asia, Micronesia, and Australasia, the Indian Ocean and Africa. They grow in a very wide variety of climates, from tropical to subpolar. The traditional circumscription of Maytenus was paraphyletic, so many species have been transferred to Denhamia and Gymnosporia.
Gymnosporia addat is a species of plant in the family Celastraceae. It is endemic to the Afromontane forests, especially along forest margins, of Ethiopia.
Gymnosporia cassinoides is a species of flowering plant in the family Celastraceae. It is a conservation-dependent shrub or tree endemic to the Canary Islands.
Gymnosporia stylosa is a species of flowering plant in the family Celastraceae. It is a scrambling shrub or tree native to Indo-China and Peninsular Malaysia. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Gymnosporia dhofarensis is a species of plant in the family Celastraceae and is found in Oman and Yemen. It is an intricately branched spiny shrub or small tree with its leaves arranged alternately or clustered on short shoots. The flowers have white or cream petals and the fruit are purple or red. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Gymnosporia harenensis is a species of plant in the family Celastraceae. It is endemic to the Harenna Forest in southeastern Ethiopia, a remnant Afromontane forest in the Bale Mountains. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Maytenus oleosa is a rare, willow-like, small tree in the family Celastraceae which is limited in habitat to lowland forests along the KwaZulu-Natal and Eastern Cape coasts of South Africa, particularly where there are streams or rivers. It is commonly associated with Gymnosporia bachmannii. The species is threatened by habitat loss and agricultural activities.
Terminalia ivorensis is a species of tree in the family Combretaceae, and is known by the common names of Ivory Coast almond, idigbo, black afara, framire and emeri.
Gymnosporia arbutifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Celastraceae. It is a thorny shrub or tree native to eastern Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. It grows in the mountains of eastern Africa, from the Ethiopian Highlands to the Albertine Rift, and to the southeastern Arabian Peninsula, from 1350 to 2080 meters elevation.
Maytenus umbellata is a species of plant in the family Celastraceae. Common names include Buxo-da-rocha and Madeira shrubby bittersweet. It is endemic to Madeira.
