Celastraceae

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Celastraceae
Celastrus orbiculatus.jpg
Oriental staff vine (Celastrus orbiculatus)
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Celastrales
Family: Celastraceae
R.Br. [1]
Subfamilies [2]
Synonyms [3]
  • Brexiaceae Loudon (1830)
  • Hippocrateaceae
  • Malesherbiaceae
  • Parnassiaceae Martinov, as 'Parnassiae' (1820)

The Celastraceae (staff-vine or bittersweet) are a family of 98 genera [3] and 1,350 species [4] of herbs, vines, shrubs and small trees, belonging to the order Celastrales. The great majority of the genera are tropical, with only Celastrus (the staff vines), Euonymus (the spindles) and Maytenus widespread in temperate climates, and Parnassia (bog-stars) found in alpine and arctic climates.

Of the 97 currently recognized genera of the family Celastraceae, 19 are native to Madagascar and these include at least 57 currently recognized species. Six of these 19 genera ( Brexiella , Evonymopsis , Hartogiopsis , Polycardia , Ptelidium , and Salvadoropsis ) are endemic to Madagascar. [5] The genera Celastrus, Euonymus, Maytenus, Salacia, and Tripterygium are a few better-known genera. These genera each have distinctive traits and functions of their own. [6]

Genera

98 genera are accepted. [3]

Fossil genera

Related Research Articles

<i>Celastrus</i> Genus of plants

Celastrus, commonly known as staff vine, staff tree or bittersweet, is the type genus of the family Celastraceae; it contains over 40 species of shrubs and vines, which have a wide distribution in East Asia, Australasia, Africa, and the Americas.

<i>Indigofera</i> Genus of plants

Indigofera is a large genus of over 750 species of flowering plants belonging to the pea family Fabaceae. They are widely distributed throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world.

<i>Gymnosporia</i> Genus of flowering plants

Gymnosporia is an Old World genus of plants, that comprise suffrutices, shrubs and trees. It was formerly considered congeneric with Maytenus, but more recent investigations separated it based on the presence of achyblasts and spines, alternate leaves or fascicles of leaves, an inflorescence that forms a dichasium, mostly unisexual flowers, and fruit forming a dehiscent capsule, with an aril on the seed. It is dioecious, with male and female flowers on separate plants.

<i>Maytenus</i> Genus of flowering plants

Maytenus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Celastraceae. Members of the genus are distributed throughout Central and South America, Southeast Asia, Micronesia and Australasia, the Indian Ocean and Africa. They grow in a very wide variety of climates, from tropical to subpolar. The traditional circumscription of Maytenus is paraphyletic, so many species have been transferred to Denhamia, Gymnosporia, Monteverdia, and Tricerma.

<i>Salacia</i> (plant) Genus of flowering plants

Salacia is a genus of plants in the family Celastraceae. They are woody climbers naturally found in tropical regions.

<i>Elaeodendron</i> Genus of flowering plants

Elaeodendron is a genus of flowering plants in the staff vine family, Celastraceae. It includes 39 species native to the tropics of the Americas, sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, Australia, and the South Pacific.

<i>Cassine</i> (plant) Genus of flowering plants

Cassine is a genus of trees, of the plant family Celastraceae.

<i>Hippocratea</i> Genus of Celastraceae plants

Hippocratea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Celastraceae, usually lianas, native to tropical and subtropical North America, South America and Africa.

<i>Loeseneriella</i> Genus of flowering plants

Loeseneriella is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Celastraceae.

Elachyptera is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Celastraceae.

Pristimera is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Celastraceae.

References

  1. ↑ Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 161 (2): 105–21. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x .
  2. ↑ "Celastraceae R. Br., nom. cons". Germplasm Resources Information Network . United States Department of Agriculture. 2003-01-17. Archived from the original on 2009-05-06. Retrieved 2009-04-16.
  3. 1 2 3 Celastraceae R.Br. Plants of the World Online . Retrieved 24 November 2023.
  4. ↑ Christenhusz, M. J. M. & Byng, J. W. (2016). "The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase". Phytotaxa. 261 (3): 201–17. doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1 .
  5. ↑ Bacon, Christine D.; Simmons, Mark P.; Archer, Robert H.; Zhao, Liang-Cheng; Andriantiana, Jacky (2016). "Biogeography of the Malagasy Celastraceae: Multiple independent origins followed by widespread dispersal of genera from Madagascar" (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 94 (Part A): 365–82. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2015.09.013.
  6. ↑ Abubakari, Farida; Nkrumah, Philip Nti; Erskine, Peter D.; Brown, Gillian K.; Fernando, Denise R.; Echevarria, Guillaume; van der Ent, Antony (2021-06-01). "Manganese (hyper)accumulation within Australian Denhamia (Celastraceae): an assessment of the trait and manganese accumulation under controlled conditions". Plant and Soil. 463 (1): 205–223. doi:10.1007/s11104-021-04833-z. ISSN   1573-5036.


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