Simaroubaceae

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Simaroubaceae
Ailanthus altissima2.jpg
Ailanthus altissima
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Sapindales
Family: Simaroubaceae
DC. [1]
Genera

See text

Simaroubaceae distribution.svg
Distribution of the family Simaroubaceae.
Synonyms
  • Ailanthaceae J.Agardh
  • Castelaceae J.Agardh
  • Holacanthaceae Jadin, nom. inval.
  • Leitneriaceae Benth. & Hook.f., nom. cons.
  • Simabaceae Horan.
  • Soulameaceae Endl. [1]

The Simaroubaceae, also known as the quassia family, are a small, mostly tropical, family in the order Sapindales. In recent decades, it has been subject to much taxonomic debate, with several small families being split off. A molecular phylogeny of the family was published in 2007, greatly clarifying relationships within the family. [2] Together with chemical characteristics such as the occurrence of petroselinic acid in Picrasma, [3] in contrast to other members of the family such as Ailanthus , [4] this indicates the existence of a subgroup in the family with Picrasma, Holacantha, and Castela .

Contents

The best-known species is the temperate Chinese tree-of-heaven Ailanthus altissima , which has become a cosmopolitan weed tree of urban areas [5] and wildlands. [6]

Well-known genera in the family include the tropical Quassia and Simarouba .

It is known in English by the common names of the quassia family or ailanthus family. [7]

Genera

20 genera are accepted: [8]

Excluded genera

References

  1. 1 2 "Family: Simaroubaceae DC., nom. cons". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2003-01-17. Retrieved 2011-04-19.
  2. ↑ Clayton, Joshua W.; Edwino S. Fernando; Pamela S. Soltis; Douglas E. Soltis (2007). "Molecular phylogeny of the tree-of-heaven family (Simaroubaceae) based on chloroplast and nuclear markers". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 168 (9): 1325–1339. doi:10.1086/521796. S2CID   86016778.
  3. ↑ Tsujimoto, M.; Koyanagi, H. (May 1933). "On Nikagi Oil". Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 8 (5): 161–167.
  4. ↑ T. Stuhlfauth; H. Fock; H. Huber; K. Klug (1985). "The distribution of fatty acids including petroselinic and tariric acids in the fruit and seed oils of the Pittosporaceae, Araliaceae, Umbelliferae, Simarubaceae and Rutaceae". Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 13: 447–453. doi:10.1016/0305-1978(85)90091-2.
  5. ↑ Elizabeth Pan; Nina Bassuk (March 1986). "Establishment and Distribution of Ailanthus altissima in the Urban Environment" (PDF). J. Environ. Hort. 4 (1): 1–4.
  6. ↑ Knapp, Liza B; Canham, Charles D (2000). "Invasion of an Old-Growth Forest in New York by Ailanthus altissima: Sapling Growth and Recruitment in Canopy Gaps". Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society. 127 (4): 307. doi:10.2307/3088649. JSTOR   3088649.
  7. ↑ Brockman, C. Frank (1986). Trees of Norh America : A Guide to Field Identification. New York: Golden Press. p. 8. ISBN   978-0-307-63658-4 . Retrieved 12 January 2025.
  8. ↑ "Simaroubaceae DC". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 16 December 2023.
  9. ↑ "GRIN Genera of Simaroubaceae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2011-04-19.
  10. ↑ "GRIN genera sometimes placed in Simaroubaceae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2011-04-19.

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