The half-cent coin was a Dutch coin used from 1818 to 1940. It was the smallest-denomination coin of the decimal Dutch guilder until its withdrawal from circulation after the German occupation of the Netherlands in 1940. It was nicknamed "Halfje", similar to the Kwartje (the suffix -je is a diminutive in the Dutch language, similar to the English -ie).
The Netherlands is a country located mainly in Northwestern Europe. The European portion of the Netherlands consists of twelve separate provinces that border Germany to the east, Belgium to the south, and the North Sea to the northwest, with maritime borders in the North Sea with Belgium, Germany and the United Kingdom. Together with three island territories in the Caribbean Sea—Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba— it forms a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The official language is Dutch, but a secondary official language in the province of Friesland is West Frisian.
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The coin was worth 1⁄2 cent or 1⁄200 of a Dutch guilder and its first version was minted until 1877. The second version was used until 1940. A half-cent was not used in the coinage during the German occupation and was not reinstated after the liberation of the Netherlands.
The Dutch guilder or fl. was the currency of the Netherlands from the 17th century until 2002, when it was replaced by the euro. Between 1999 and 2002, the guilder was officially a "national subunit" of the euro. However, physical payments could only be made in guilder, as no euro coins or banknotes were available. The Netherlands Antillean guilder is still in use in Curaçao and Sint Maarten, but this currency is distinct from the Dutch guilder. In 2004, the Surinamese guilder was replaced by the Surinamese dollar.
Dimensions | 1⁄2 cent 1818–1877 | 1⁄2 cent 1878–1940 | Refs |
---|---|---|---|
Gram | 1.92 gram(1817-1837) 1.9 gram(1841-1847) 1.92 gram(1850-1877) | 1.25 gram | [1] |
Diameter | 16 mm | 14 mm | |
Thickness | 1 mm (1841-1847) | 1.24 mm(1878-1901) 1.22 mm(1909-1940) | |
Metal | Copper | Bronze |
Monarch | Mint | Material | Obverse | Reverse | Edge | Minting years | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
William I | Utrecht and Brussels | Copper | Crowned W between the mint year | Crowned Dutch coat of arms between value | Smooth with no edge lettering | 1818(U) 1819(U) 1821(U and B) 1822(U and B) 1823(B) 1824(U and B) 1826-1828(U and B) 1829(U) 1831-1833(U) 1837(U) | [2] |
William II | Utrecht | Copper | Crowned W between the mint year | Crowned Dutch coat of arms between value | Smooth with no edge lettering | 1841, 1843, 1846, 1847 | |
William III | Utrecht | Copper | Crowned W between the mint year | Crowned Dutch coat of arms between value | Smooth with no edge lettering | 1850-1855, 1857, 1859, 1861–1865, 1867, 1869, 1870, 1872, 1873, 1875–1877 | |
William III | Utrecht | Bronze | Crowned lion with sword and quiver | Value between two bonded orange branches | Reeded with no edge lettering | 1878, 1883–1886 | |
Wilhelmina | Utrecht | Bronze | Crowned lion with sword and quiver | Value between two bonded orange branches | Reeded with no edge lettering | 1891, 1894, 1898, 1900, 1901 | |
Wilhelmina | Utrecht | Bronze | Crowned lion with sword and quiver (smaller lettering, mint and mint master mark) | Value between two bonded orange branches | Reeded with no edge lettering | 1903, 1906 | |
Wilhelmina | Utrecht | Bronze | Crowned lion with sword and quiver (different crown and bigger lettering) | Value between two bonded orange branches (different orange branches and bigger lettering) | Reeded with no edge lettering | 1909, 1911, 1912, 1914–1917, 1921, 1922, 1928, 1930, 1934, 1936–1938, 1940 |
Dutch euro coins currently use two designs by Erwin Olaf, both of which feature a portrait of King Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands. The new designs began circulating in 2014. Dutch Euro coins minted from 1999 to 2013 feature a portrait of Queen Beatrix designed by Bruno Ninaber van Eyben. All coins share the 12 stars of the EU and the year of imprint in their design.
The Reichsmark was the currency in Germany from 1924 until 20 June 1948 in West Germany, where it was replaced with the Deutsche Mark, and until 23 June in East Germany when it was replaced by the East German mark. The Reichsmark was subdivided into 100 Reichspfennig. The Mark is an ancient Germanic weight measure, traditionally a half pound, later used for several coins; whereas Reich, that is realm in English, comes from the official name for the German nation state from 1871 to 1945, Deutsches Reich.
The Belgian franc was the currency of the Kingdom of Belgium from 1832 until 2002 when the Euro was introduced. It was subdivided into 100 subunits, known as centiemen (Dutch), centimes (French) or Centime (German).
The stuiver[stœy.vər] was a pre-decimal coin used in the Netherlands. It was worth 16 penning or 8 duit. Twenty stuivers equalled a guilder. It circulated until the Napoleonic Wars. After the conflict, the Netherlands decimalised its guilder into 100 cents. Two stuivers equalled a dubbeltje - the ten cent coin.
The Netherlands Antillean guilder is the currency of Curaçao and Sint Maarten, which until 2010 formed the Netherlands Antilles along with Bonaire, Saba, and Sint Eustatius. It is subdivided into 100 cents. The guilder was replaced by the United States dollar on 1 January 2011 on Bonaire, Saba and Sint Eustatius. On Curaçao and Sint Maarten, the Netherlands Antillean guilder was proposed to be replaced by a new currency, the Caribbean guilder, but this has been stalled indefinitely by negotiations over the establishment of a separate central bank for Curaçao.
The rijksdaalder was a Dutch coin first issued by the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands in the late 16th century during the Dutch Revolt. Featuring an armored half bust of William the Silent, rijksdaalder was minted to the Saxon reichsthaler weight standard – 448 grains of .885 fine silver. Friesland, Gelderland, Holland, Kampen, Overijssel, Utrecht, West Friesland, Zeeland, and Zwolle minted armored half bust rijksdaalders until the end of the 17th century.
The guilder was the currency of Suriname until 2004, when it was replaced by the Surinamese dollar. It was divided into 100 cents. Until the 1940s, the plural in Dutch was cents, with centen appearing on some early paper money, but after the 1940s the Dutch plural became cent.
The 25-cent piece was the highest-denomination coin minted in the Netherlands during World War II. Struck between 1941 and 1943, the 25-cent coin was worth 1/4, or 0.25, of a Dutch guilder. It was made entirely of zinc, and designed by Nico de Haas, a Dutch national-socialist. The respective mintage was of 34,600,000 (1941), (1942), 13,600,000 (1943).
The zinc 10-cent coin was minted in the Netherlands between 1941 and 1943 during World War II. It was worth 1/10, or .10, of the guilder, and designed by Nico de Haas, a Dutch national-socialist. The respective mintage was of 29,800,000 (1941), 95,600,000 (1942), 29,000,000 (1943).
The One guilder coin was a coin struck in the Kingdom of the Netherlands between 1818 and 2001. It remained in circulation until 2002 when the guilder currency was replaced by the euro. No guilder coins were minted in the German occupation of the Netherlands in World War II.
The zinc 5-cent coin was minted in the Netherlands between 1941 and 1943 during World War II. It was worth 1/20, or .05, of the guilder, and designed by Nico de Haas, a Dutch national-socialist.
The twenty-five cent was a coin worth a quarter of decimal Dutch guilder. It was used from the decimalisation of the currency in 1817 until the Netherlands adopted the euro as sole currency in 2002. The last minting was in 2001. The coin was the third-smallest denomination of the guilder when the currency was withdrawn, and the largest of a value less than one guilder.
The 2 1⁄2-cent coin minted in the Netherlands during World War II was made of zinc, and worth 1⁄40, or .025, of the Dutch guilder. It was designed by Nico de Haas, a Dutch national-socialist, and struck in 1941 and 1942.
A dubbeltje is a small former Dutch coin, originally made of silver, with a value of a tenth of a Dutch guilder. The 10-euro-cent coin is currently also called a dubbeltje in the Netherlands.
The Five cent coin was a coin struck in the Kingdom of the Netherlands between 1818 and 2001. Twenty stuivers equalled a Dutch Guilder.
The Half guilder coin was a silver coin struck in the Kingdom of the Netherlands between 1818 and 1930. The obverse featured a portrait of the Dutch reigning King or Queen. On the reverse was a crowned Dutch coat of arms between the value. All coins were minted in Utrecht except the year 1829 and 1830 that were minted in Brussels.
The Two and a half cent coin was struck in the Kingdom of the Netherlands between 1818 and 1942. All coins were minted in Utrecht.
The one-cent coin was a coin struck in the Kingdom of the Netherlands between 1817 and 1980. The coin was worth 1 cent or 1⁄100 of a Dutch guilder.
The Three guilder coin was a silver coin struck in the Kingdom of the Netherlands between 1817 and 1832.