Hebao is a bag composed of 2 sides: the interior and exterior side. [1] It is often embroidered on its outside while the inside is made of a thick layer of fabric. [1] The opening of the bag is threaded with a silk string that can tightened and loosened. [1] They are made in various shapes, such as rotund, oblong, peach, ruyi, and guava. [1] They also have different patterns for different usages (e.g. butterflies and flowers represented the wish for love and marriage; golden melons and children represented the wishes for longevity and more children; images of qilin represented the wishes for carrying a son). [1] Each areas in China have a distinctive forms of hebao. [1]
Manchu's tobacco pouch
The Manchu people's tobacco pouch is tied with a small wooden gourd which is carved with rich patterns. The gourd acts primarily as a fastener to prevent its carrier from losing his pouch, by making it harder for the fastener to slip from the seam between the waist and the cloth belt which was used by the Manchu people in the past. [1]
Yuyong hebao
Yuyong hebao (Chinese :御用荷包; pinyin :yùyòng hébāo) were the ornamented purses made for the imperial palace and were bestowed to the highest generals favoured by the Emperor in the Qing dynasty as a symbol of favour and high regards. [10] : 413 They usually came into 2 sizes: either large or small. [10] : 413 They could be bestowed as a single purse, in pairs, or in numbers up to 4. [10] : 413 These hebao could also contains gems, jewels and precious metals, such as shanhu (corals), qizhen babao (lit. "seven pearls and eight jewels"), jinding (gold ingot), yinding (silver ingots), jinqian (gold coins) and yinqian (silver coins). [10] : 413–414
Ways of wearing
Manchu ethnic
Manchu people regardless of gender wore pouches, but they wore it differently according to their gender. Men wore their pouches at the waist while women tied their pouches to the 2nd buttons of their traditional Manchu dress, qizhuang . [1]
Popular culture
Literature and stories
In the Dream of the Red Chamber, a hebao is personally made by Daiyu and is given to Baoyu as an expression of her love for him; however, she misunderstood that Baoyu had deliberately given the purse away and destroyed the other hebao that she was making. [6] : 100 In reality, Baoyu treasured the hebao so much that he would have never given it away. [6] : 100
Music and songs
Xiuhebao (Chinese :绣荷包; lit.'Embroidering a pouch'), originally called Huguang diao from the regions of Hunan and Guangdong, is a popular song since the Ming and Qing dynasties. [2] : 83 Chinese folks about embroidering hebao are sung in all parts of China, with the most familiar ones being the ones in Shanxi, Yunnan, and Sichuan. [2] : 83 These songs depict the thoughts of young girls who miss their lovers and are personally embroidering a hebao for their beloved. [2] : 83
Similar items
- Qiedai - Eggplant-shaped purses worn by imperial officials in ancient China. [7]
- Qingyang sachet
- Sachet
- Yudai - Fish-shaped tally bag; a pouch used in ancient China as a form of yufu (fish tally). [7]
See also
Notes
- ↑ This is according to the 2011 source article
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References
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- ↑ Legge, James. "《內則 - Nei Ze》". Ctext.org.
Youths who have not yet been capped, and maidens who have not yet assumed the hairpin, at the first crowing of the cock, should wash their hands, rinse their mouths, comb their hair, draw over it the covering of silk, brush the dust from that which is left free, bind it up in the shape of a horn, and put on their necklaces. They should all bang at their girdles the ornamental (bags of) perfume; and as soon as it is daybreak, they should (go to) pay their respects (to their parents) and ask what they will eat and drink. If they have eaten already, they should retire; if they have not eaten, they will (remain to) assist their elder (brothers and sisters) and see what has been prepared. [男女未冠笄者，雞初鳴，咸盥漱，櫛縰，拂髦總角，衿纓，皆佩容臭，昧爽而朝，問何食飲矣。若已食則退，若未食則佐長者視具。]
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| Hebao | |
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 Hebao, Qing dynasty, 19th century |