Henry Rutgers

Last updated • 5 min readFrom Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
Henry Rutgers
Col henry rutgers.JPG
1828 oil painting of Henry Rutgers
Member of the New York State Assembly from New York County
In office
July 1, 1783 June 30, 1784
Personal details
BornOctober 7, 1745
New York City, Province of New York, British America
DiedFebruary 17, 1830(1830-02-17) (aged 84)
New York City, New York, U.S.
NationalityAmerican
Parent(s)Hendrick Rutgers
Catharine DePeyster
Relatives Johannes de Peyster Sr. (great-grandfather)
Johannes de Peyster (maternal grandfather)
Abraham de Peyster (granduncle)
Evert Bancker (granduncle)
Johannes de Peyster III (maternal uncle)
Samuel Provoost (cousin)
Theodore Roosevelt (third cousin twice removed)
Franklin Delano Roosevelt (third cousin twice removed)
Alma mater Columbia University (BA)
Occupation Revolutionary War hero, philanthropist
Signature Appletons' Rutgers Henry signature.jpg

Henry Rutgers (October 7, 1745 – February 17, 1830) [1] was a United States Revolutionary War hero and philanthropist from New York City. Rutgers University was named after him, and he donated a bond which placed the college on sound financial footing. He also gave a bell that is still in use.

Contents

Early life

Rutgers was born in New York City, in the Province of New York which was then a part of British America. He was the son of New Netherland colonists Hendrick Rutgers and Catharine (née DePeyster) Rutgers. [2]

His maternal grandparents were Johannes de Peyster, the 23rd Mayor of New York City, and Anna (née Bancker) de Peyster, the sister of Evert Bancker, the 3rd and 12th Mayor of Albany, New York. [3] His paternal grandparents were Harmanus Rutgers and Rachel (née Meyers) Rutgers, herself a granddaughter of Claes Martenszen van Rosenvelt, the first Roosevelt to arrive in America. [2] Through his father's sister, he was a first cousin of Samuel Provoost, the first Bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of New York. [2] He was a third cousin twice removed of both U.S. Presidents Theodore Roosevelt and Franklin Delano Roosevelt.

In 1728 Harmanus Rutgers, Jr. purchased a farm near present-day East Broadway and Oliver Streets. Rutgers was a brewer and had a barn on Catherine Street to store the barley he grew. A lane that would later become Cherry Street ran along the southern border. His son Hendrick inherited the property and in 1754 built a new farmhouse farther to the north and nearer the East River. The Rutgers extended their holdings, purchasing water lots. Fill was added to the water on either side at the ends of the larger streets that ran perpendicular to the shore, forming slips or inlets where small boats could dock. [4]

Career

Rutgers graduated from King's College (now Columbia University) in 1766. [1] Following his graduation, he promptly became an advocate for independence of the American colonies from Great Britain. He went on to serve as a captain of American forces at the Battle of White Plains, and later as a colonel for the New York militia. During the British occupation of New York, Rutgers withdrew to Albany. During his absence, the British used the family home as an army hospital. [4]

Rutgers continued to play a role in the defense of the young nation after the Revolution, presiding over a meeting held June 24, 1812, to organize American forces in New York in anticipation of a British attack in the ensuing War of 1812.

Politics and public life

The bronze bell donated by Henry Rutgers hangs in the cupola of Old Queens Old Queens, New Brunswick, NJ - cupola and brownstone.jpg
The bronze bell donated by Henry Rutgers hangs in the cupola of Old Queens

In 1783, Rutgers was elected to the New York State Assembly, where he served in the 7th New York State Legislature. [5] He also served on the New York Board of Education Regents from 1802 to 1826. He was a presidential elector, chosen by the legislature, in 1808, 1816, and 1820.

Rutgers supported the American Colonization Society, arguing against abolitionists that free people of color should be removed from the United States rather than allowed to grow as a population. [6] He was himself a slaveowner, like many of his relatives. [7]

Rutgers continued to expand his holdings, extending his water lots further out into the river. In his later years, Rutgers, a bachelor, devoted much of his fortune to philanthropy. As a landowner with considerable holdings on the island of Manhattan (especially in the vicinity of Chatham Square), he donated land for the use of schools, churches, and charities in the area. Both Henry Street and Rutgers Street in lower Manhattan are named for him, as well as the Rutgers Presbyterian Church [8] (formerly the Collegiate Presbyterian Church) which was also named for Rutgers who donated the parcel of land at the corner of Henry Street and Rutgers Street on which the original church was built in 1798.

Rutgers' most lasting legacy, however, is due to his donations to Queen's College in New Brunswick, New Jersey, which at the time was suffering considerable financial difficulties and temporarily closed. [9] The college had been founded as a seminary for the Reformed Church in America and appealed to Rutgers, a devout member of the church with a reputation for philanthropy, for aid. Rutgers donated a bond valued at $5000 to reopen the faltering school, and subsequently donated a bronze bell that was hung in the cupola of the Old Queens building which housed the college. In gratitude, and hoping the college would be remembered in Rutgers' will, the trustees renamed it Rutgers College on December 5, 1825. (Rutgers left nothing to the college upon his death.) The institution later became Rutgers University, then Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey. [10]

Death and legacy

Coat of Arms of Henry Rutgers Coat of Arms of Henry Rutgers.svg
Coat of Arms of Henry Rutgers

Rutgers died in 1830 in New York City, at the age of 84. His body was initially buried in the Reformed Church on Nassau Street (the same church in which he was baptized) in Manhattan. However, as cemeteries in Manhattan were redeveloped during the mid-1800s, Rutgers' body was re-interred several times (first moved in 1858 to the Middle Church in Lafayette Place, on the corner of Nassau Street and Cedar Street in Manhattan, and then, in 1865, interred in Green-Wood Cemetery). For many years, no one remembered where his body had been finally buried, although it was long believed that he was buried in a Dutch Reformed churchyard in Belleville, New Jersey. One road running alongside this New Jersey graveyard is now called Rutgers Street (signed as, but not technically part of, Route 7).

Misplaced by history for over 140 years, Rutgers' final grave was rediscovered in October 2007 [11] [12] by Civil War research volunteers sifting through burial records of the historical Green-Wood Cemetery. In 1865, Rutgers' body had been finally buried in an unmarked grave (he is interred in Lot 10776, Sec. 28, in an underground vault) within the Dutch Reformed Church's plot at Green-Wood Cemetery [13] [14] in Brooklyn.

The Green-Wood Historic Fund and members of the Rutgers Community honored Rutgers' memory on Flag Day, June 14, 2008, by unveiling a bronze marker at his gravesite. Elsewhere in Green-Wood Cemetery lies the grave of Mabel Smith Douglass, founder and first dean of the New Jersey College for Women (renamed Douglass College in her honor). Douglass College is part of Rutgers University's New Brunswick campus.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">William Livingston</span> American Founding Father and politician (1723–1790)

William Livingston was an American politician and lawyer who served as the first governor of New Jersey (1776–1790) during the American Revolutionary War. As a New Jersey representative in the Continental Congress, he signed the Continental Association and the United States Constitution. He is considered one of the Founding Fathers of the United States and a Founding Father of New Jersey.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Philip Livingston (1686–1749)</span> American merchant and politician

Philip Livingston was an American merchant, slave trader and politician in colonial New York. The son of Robert Livingston the Elder and elder brother of Robert of Clermont, Philip was the second lord of Livingston Manor.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Henry Janeway Hardenbergh</span> American architect (1847–1918)

Henry Janeway Hardenbergh was an American architect, best known for his hotels and apartment buildings, and as a "master of a new building form — the skyscraper." He worked three times with Edward Clark, the wealthy owner of the Singer Sewing Machine Company and real estate developer: The Singer company's first tower in New York City, the Dakota Apartments, and its precursor, the Van Corlear. He is best known for building apartment dwellings and luxury hotels.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vale Cemetery and Vale Park</span> Historic cemetery in New York, United States

Vale Cemetery is a historic rural cemetery and the largest cemetery in Schenectady, New York. It opened on 21 October 1857, when the Rev. Julius Seely dedicated what was then termed "the Vale". It has tripled its size since opening and today it holds the remains of some of the most notable persons in Upstate New York. In 1973, a 35-acre tract of unused and abandoned cemetery land around the ponds of Cowhorn Creek was sold to the city of Schenectady to form Vale Park.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Old Dutch Parsonage</span> Historic house in New Jersey, United States

The Old Dutch Parsonage is a historic house built in 1751, moved about 1913 and now located at 65 Washington Place, in the borough of Somerville in Somerset County, New Jersey, United States. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 25, 1971, for its significance in education and religion. The nomination form notes it as "an excellent example of mid-18th-century Flemish bond brick structure".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Old Queens</span> United States historic place

Old Queens is the oldest extant building at Rutgers University and is the symbolic heart of the university's campus in New Brunswick in Middlesex County, New Jersey in the United States. Rutgers, the eighth-oldest college in the United States, was founded in 1766 during the American colonial period as Queen's College. Queen's College was named for Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, the daughter of a German duke who became the queen consort of British king George III. Old Queens is located on a six-acre hilltop city block bounded by Somerset Street, Hamilton Street, College Avenue and George Street that was previously an apple orchard. Donated to the college in 1807 by James Parker, Jr., this city block become known the Queen's Campus and is the historic core of the university. Because of this, by metonymy, the name "Old Queens" came to be used as a reference to Rutgers College and is often invoked as an allusive reference to the university or to its administration.

Jacobus van Cortlandt (1658–1739) was a wealthy New Amsterdam-born American merchant, slave owner, and politician who served as the 30th and 33rd Mayor of New York City from 1710 to 1711 and again from 1719 to 1720.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Harmanus Bleecker</span> American politician (1779–1849)

Harmanus Bleecker was an attorney in Albany, New York. A Federalist, he is most notable for his service as a member of the New York State Assembly, a United States representative from New York, and Chargé d'Affaires to the Netherlands.

Rutgers University is an institution of higher learning with campuses across the State of New Jersey its main flagship campus in New Brunswick and Piscataway, and two other campuses in the cities of Newark and Camden, New Jersey.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Schuyler family</span> Dutch-American family

The Schuyler family was a prominent Dutch family in New York and New Jersey in the 18th and 19th centuries, whose descendants played a critical role in the formation of the United States, in leading government and business in North America and served as leaders in business, military, politics, and society. The other two most influential New York dynasties of the 18th and 19th centuries were the Livingston family and the Clinton family.

Evert Bancker was an American trader and politician who was Mayor of Albany from 1695 to 1696 and from 1707 to 1709.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Old Bergen Church</span> Historic church in New Jersey, United States

The Old Bergen Church is a historic church congregation in Jersey City, Hudson County, New Jersey, United States. Established in 1660 in what was then the Dutch colony of New Netherland, it is the oldest continuous religious congregation in what is today the State of New Jersey. The congregation is jointly affiliated with the Reformed Church in America and the Presbyterian Church (USA). The church was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 14, 1973. The original church building was constructed in 1680 and the current edifice was built in 1841.

The history of Albany, New York from 1664 to 1784 begins with the English takeover of New Netherland and ends with the ratification of the Treaty of Paris by the Congress of the Confederation in 1784, ending the Revolutionary War.

Johannes de Peyster or Johannes de Peyster II was the 23rd Mayor of New York City between 1698 and 1699.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Peter Gansevoort (politician)</span> American politician (1788–1876)

Peter Gansevoort was an American politician from New York.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jan Jansen Bleecker</span> Dutch merchant and politician

Jan Jansen Bleecker was a colonial era merchant and political figure who served as Mayor of Albany, New York.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anthony Lispenard Bleecker</span> United States banker, businessman

Anthony Lispenard Bleecker was a banker, merchant and auctioneer, and one of the richest men in New York. He worked as well as a vestryman and churchwarden for Trinity Church in Lower Manhattan. He is the namesake for Bleecker Street and Lispenard Street in lower Manhattan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Johannes de Peyster III</span> Dutch politician

Johannes de Peyster or Johannes de Peyster III was the Mayor of Albany, New York three times between 1729 and 1742.

Myndert Schuyler was a colonial trader and merchant with extensive real estate holdings who served as Mayor of Albany, New York, twice between 1719 and 1725.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Robert George Remsen</span> American physician and clubman

Robert George Remsen was an American physician who was prominent in New York society.

References

  1. 1 2 Piserchia, Susan M. "Edmund B. Shotwell: Manuscript Notes on the Life of Henry Rutgers, 1946-1962". Rutgers University. Retrieved 16 February 2013.
  2. 1 2 3 Reynolds, Cuyler (1911). Hudson-Mohawk Genealogical and Family Memoirs: A Record of Achievements of the People of the Hudson and Mohawk Valleys in New York State, Included Within the Present Counties of Albany, Rensselaer, Washington, Saratoga, Montgomery, Fulton, Schenectady, Columbia and Greene. Lewis Historical Publishing Company. Retrieved 5 December 2016. de peyster douw.
  3. Bielinski, Stefan. "Evert Bancker". exhibitions.nysm.nysed.gov. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
  4. 1 2 Meade, Elizabeth D., "Rutgers Slip", AKRF, Inc., May 2009
  5. Hough, A.M. M.D., Franklin B. (1858). The New York Civil List: Containing the names and origin of the civil divisions, and the names and dates of election or appointment of the principal state and county officers from the Revolution to the present time. Albany: Weed, Parsons and Co. Publishers. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
  6. White, Deborah Gray. "The Findings". Scarlet and Black Project. Rutgers University. Retrieved 9 October 2020. Through their leadership of the state and regional boards of the American Colonization Society (ACS), men like John Henry Livingston (Rutgers president, 1810-1824), the Reverend Philip Milledoler (Rutgers president, 1824-1840), Henry Rutgers (trustee after whom the college is named), and Theodore Frelinghuysen, Rutgers' seventh president, were among the most ardent anti-abolitionists in the Mid-Atlantic.
  7. Amditis, Joe (28 May 2019). "Slavery & Academia: A Troubled History of Rutgers University". Muckgers. Rutgers University. Retrieved 9 October 2020. Henry Rutgers himself owned slaves, as did the rest of his family. In fact, after the 1741 slave revolt in New York City, a member of Henry's family "had three of his slaves convicted of conspiracy — one was hanged, one burned, and one transported," according to an article in the university archives. The article goes on to explain what happened to "John Hughson, the white man who allegedly incited the slaves," who was executed and hung on public display "on the shoreline of the Rutgers [family] property." In his 1823 will, Henry Rutgers wrote, "It is my desire and will that my Negro wench slave named Hannah being superannuated, be supported out of my Estate." Henry Rutgers "had a strong voice," his great grand-niece, Mary recalled. "His orders to his negroes across the East River," she continued, "could be heard by them."
  8. Archived August 20, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
  9. "Henry Rutgers (1745-1830)". www.nyhistory.org. New-York Historical Society . Retrieved 15 February 2018.
  10. "Henry Rutgers [1745-1830]". New Netherland Institute. New Netherland Institute. Retrieved 16 February 2013.
  11. Source: contemporaneous personal correspondence with the Civil War research volunteers (including Mark & Stephanie Carey, two Rutgers alumni) who discovered Rutgers' re-interment record while searching for Civil War veteran and casualty burial records. They notified the Cemetery historian, who worked with Rutgers historians and the Veterans' Administration to ensure that Rutgers' burial place was properly marked and recorded.
  12. Mosca, Alexandra Kathryn (2008). Green-Wood Cemetery. Arcadia Publishing. p. 114. ISBN   9781439642351. Rutgers died in 1830 and years later in 1865 his body was moved from a Manhattan churchyard to Green-Wood. For decades his grave marker did not bear his name. But in 2008, a stone with him name was placed.
  13. "Green-Wood Cemetery "The Arch" newsletter" (PDF). 2008. Retrieved November 6, 2016.
  14. Fowler, David J. "Benevolent Patriot: Henry Rutgers, 1745-1830" . Retrieved November 6, 2016.