Historic District of Annapolis Royal

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For the main article on the town, see Annapolis Royal

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Historic District of Annapolis Royal
Arrondissement-Historique-d'Annapolis Royal (French)
Lighthouse DSC02664 - Annapolis Royal Lighthouse (7986972342).jpg
Coordinates: 44°44′28″N65°30′54″W / 44.741°N 65.515°W / 44.741; -65.515
Country Canada
Province Nova Scotia
Town Annapolis Royal
Official name Annapolis Royal Historic District National Historic Site of Canada
Designated1994-06-05

The Historic District of Annapolis Royal is the historic centre of the town of Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia, Canada. The Annapolis Basin is the location of the earliest permanent European settlement in North America north of St. Augustine, Florida. [1] The land on which the Historic District itself is situated has had permanent European habitation since at least 1629. [2]

The Historic District was designated a National Historic Site of Canada on 5 June 1994. [3]

History

Annapolis Royal (Port Royal) area in 1613 PortRoyal par Champlain.tif
Annapolis Royal (Port Royal) area in 1613
Annapolis Royal (Port Royal) in 1702 PortRoyalAcadia1702.jpg
Annapolis Royal (Port Royal) in 1702

In 1605, France founded Port-Royal on the Annapolis Basin. [1] This colony was raided by the English in 1613 and was the site of a short-lived Scottish colony at Charles Fort from 1629. By 1630, urban structures existed to the east of the fort. The area was ceded back to France in 1632. The principal thoroughfare, Saint George Street, was distinct by 1686. After numerous attacks, claims of ownership and changes of control, the town was finally ceded to the British in the Peace of Utrecht of 1713. The town was renamed Annapolis Royal and served as the capital of the colony of Nova Scotia until it moved to Halifax in 1749. Subsequently, the town drew its living from ship building, brick making and forestry. [3]

Having experienced a peaceful existence since the American Raid on Annapolis Royal of 1781, the town has conserved structures from all its periods with the exception of the years 1605 to 1707. [4]

Architecture

The town presents a vast sample of maritime and Canadian architecture of the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries. Considered one of the oldest inhabited in the country, the town has preserved its fortifications as well as the old cemetery, the oldest in the country. The district itself includes 135 heritage buildings. [5]

Annapolis Royal in 1753 A general plan of Annapolis Royal LOC 74691226.jpg
Annapolis Royal in 1753

The historic district is divided into five sub-districts. [3]

Sub-DistrictDescription
FirstCharacterised by large residences and land due to the prosperity of merchant ship owners. These houses were built in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and were built in different architectural styles such as Neo-Gothic, Neoclassical, Queen Anne Revival, Colonial, Italianate and English classicism styles.

Notable buildings include:

SecondA transition zone between residential and commercial districts and is distinguished by smaller houses. It also contains the oldest buildings and monuments in the town.

Notable buildings and monuments include:

ThirdIncludes the commercial district with its architecture harmonised by the use of similar materials. This sub-district includes the Sinclair Inn, which is the only Acadian structure remaining before the Expulsion.

Notable buildings:

FourthIncludes the lowest part of St. George Street. It included commercial and industrial enterprises that used the Annapolis River. It also includes the residences of the most eminent town residents. The sub-district is note for itts concentration of Palladian-style houses and the vernacular architecture of the Maritimes of the 18th and 19thcenturies.

Notable buildings include:

FifthIncludes the residential area located inside the "L" of St. George Street. It includes smaller houses inhabited by craftsmen, traders and small business owners.

Notable buildings include:

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fort Anne</span> Historic fort in Nova Scotia, Canada

Fort Anne is a historic fort protecting the harbour of Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia. It was built by Scottish settlers in August 1629 as Charles Fort. For the first 120 years of the fort's service period, the settlement of Port Royal, later Annapolis Royal, was the capital of the New France colony of Acadia and British North America colony of Nova Scotia. In 1917, Fort Anne became the first National Historic Site of Canada. Although no longer in active service, it is the oldest extant fort in Canada. Fort Anne has provided more defensive service than any other fort in North America, having been attacked and blockaded at least 19 times over a service period of 225 years, from the Acadian Civil War through to the American Revolutionary War. The fort also contains the oldest military building in Canada and the oldest building administered by Parks Canada, the 1708 powder magazine.

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Lequille is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in Annapolis County. It is on Nova Scotia Trunk 8 at the foot of the South Mountain, midway between Annapolis Royal to the northwest and Highway 101 to the south, approximately 3 km (1.9 mi) distant. As of 2021 its population was 182, a decline of 18.0% since 2016.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bailey House (Annapolis Royal)</span> Building in Annapolis Royal, Canada

The Bailey House in Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia, Canada is a historic house built around 1770, making it one of the oldest wood frame houses in Canada. It has been operating as a lodging, with interruptions, since at least 1837. The building is a Georgian style and is largely unaltered since its original construction. The house is part of the Annapolis Royal Historic District.

The de Gannes-Cosby House in the Annapolis Royal Historic District is the oldest wood framed building in Canada. It is also the world's oldest existing building in the Acadian style. It was built in 1708 by Major Louis-Joseph de Gannes de Falaise, a French nobleman and officer stationed at the French colony of Port Royal in what is today the province of Nova Scotia. The house is built on the foundations of an earlier house destroyed during the 1707 Siege of Port Royal. The core house was a simple wattle and daub construction, but has since been covered in wooden shingles and enlarged in the 19th and 20th centuries. It has been designated as a National Historic Site and is part of the Annapolis Royal Historic District.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Adams-Ritchie House</span> Building in Annapolis Royal, Canada

The Adams-Ritchie House is one of the oldest wood framed buildings in Canada. It is located in Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia, Canada and dates from 1713. Over the past 300 years, the building was expanded and embellished until the original building was completely hidden. In the 1980s, it was restored to its original appearance. Prior to 1749, the house occasionally hosted the Nova Scotia Council, the fore-runner of the Nova Scotia House of Assembly.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Annapolis County Court House</span> Building in Annapolis Royal, Canada

The Annapolis County Courthouse is a courthouse located in Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia, Canada. It was built in 1837 by Francis LeCain and was enlarged in 1923. The building is designated a National Historic Site of Canada. It is part of the Historic District of Annapolis Royal and is one of the oldest courthouses in Canada still in use.

The O'Dell House Museum is a house-museum located in Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia, Canada which presents a collection of artefacts important to the history of Annapolis Royal. The museum also houses the Annapolis Heritage Society's Genealogy Centre and its Archive and Collections Centre. The original building was constructed in 1869 by Nova Scotia Pony Express rider, Corey O’Dell. A Victorian house in Greek revival style, it is part of the Historic District of Annapolis Royal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Saint Luke's Anglican Church (Annapolis Royal)</span> Building in Annapolis Royal, Canada

Saint Luke's Anglican Church is a historic church located in Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia, Canada. Constructed in 1815, the church served the British garrison stationed at Fort Anne until the garrison's removal to Halifax in 1854. The building is part of the Historic District of Annapolis Royal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bonnett House</span> Building in Annapolis Royal, Canada

The Bonnett House in Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia, Canada is a historic house built around 1773, making it one of the oldest wood-frame houses in Canada. The building is a Georgian style and is largely unaltered since its original construction. The house is part of the Annapolis Royal Historic District.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Williams House (Annapolis Royal)</span> Building in Annapolis Royal, Canada

The Williams House is a historic house located in Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia, Canada. Constructed in 1715, the building was located at 248 Saint George Street until 1875 when the main portion of the house was moved to 167 Saint Anthony Street. The ell of the house, dating from c. 1730, was moved to 62 Chapel Street. Although the location has moved, it remains one of the oldest wood-framed houses in Canada. The building is part of the Historic District of Annapolis Royal.

References

  1. 1 2 "Port-Royal National Historic Site". www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. Retrieved 2023-07-01.
  2. Parks Canada Agency, Government of Canada (2022-11-24). "Charles Fort National Historic Site". parks.canada.ca. Retrieved 2023-07-01.
  3. 1 2 3 "Annapolis Royal Historic District National Historic Site of Canada". www.pc.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-07-01.
  4. 1 2 "de Gannes-Cosby House National Historic Site of Canada". www.pc.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-07-04.
  5. "Heritage Properties". Town of Annapolis Royal. Retrieved 2023-07-01.
  6. "HistoricPlaces.ca - HistoricPlaces.ca". www.historicplaces.ca. Retrieved 2023-07-04.
  7. "HistoricPlaces.ca - HistoricPlaces.ca". www.historicplaces.ca. Retrieved 2023-07-04.
  8. "Annapolis County Court House National Historic Site of Canada". www.pc.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-07-04.
  9. "Charles Fort National Historic Site of Canada". www.pc.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-07-04.
  10. "Fort Anne National Historic Site of Canada". www.pc.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-07-04.
  11. "Sinclair Inn / Farmer's Hotel National Historic Site of Canada". www.pc.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-07-04.