House of Merode | |
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Noble family | |
Country | Germany Belgium Netherlands France Austria |
Founder | Werner I von Merode 1195-1278 |
Current head | Charles-Guillaume, Marquess of Westerlo, Prince of Rubempré and of Grimbergen, Prince of Merode |
Titles | Freiherr of Merode (1473) Baron of Duffel Baron of Frentz Baron of Pietersheim Baron of Ronse (Renaix) Viscount of Montfort Viscount of Wavreumont Count of Merode (Holy Roman Empire) Count de Merode (First French Empire) (1809) Count of Oignies (1647) Count of Waroux (1622) Marquess of Deinze (1632) Marquess of Trélon (1626) Marquess of Westerlo (1626, reconfirmed 1823) Grandee of Spain Prince of Everberg (reconfirmed 1823) Prince of Rubempré (1704 reconfirmed 1823) Prince of Grimbergen (reconfirmed 1827) Prince of Merode (1930) |
Motto | « Plus d'honneur que d'honneurs » (More honour than honours) |
Estate(s) | Schloss Merode Castle of Westerlo Hôtel de Mérode-Westerloo (Brussels) Hôtel de Mérode-Deynze (Brussels) Château d'Ancy-le-Franc Castle of Everberg Castle of Grimbergen Castle of Ham-sur-Heure Burg Odenkirchen Castle of Pietersheim Castle of Loverval Castle of Rixensart Castle of Ronse Château de Serrant Castle of Solre-sur-Sambre Château de Trélon |
Cadet branches |
The House of Merode is one of the most prominent families of the Belgian nobility. It originates from the village of Merode, which is now in the municipality of Langerwehe in Germany. Over the past five centuries, different branches bore noble titles and had estates on the territories of the modern-day states of Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, France and Austria. Through marriage, the house is connected with many prominent European noble families. The House of Merode played an important role in the history of the Southern Netherlands and the Kingdom of Belgium.
The surname of the family and the name of the house is sometimes written de Mérode in French. The name is spelled de Merode or van Merode in Dutch and von Merode in German. The coat of arms of the House of Merode is blazoned as: Or four pallets gules, a bordure engrailed azure. The motto of the house is Plus d'honneur que d'honneurs [1] in French and Meer eer dan eerbetoon in Dutch.
This section includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations .(September 2016) |
The family stems from the village of Merode in what is now Germany. Merode is located in the vicinity of the city of Düren, which lies between Aachen and Köln and was once part of the Duchy of Jülich. Today, it is part of the municipality of Langerwehe in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia. A branch of the Merode family still owns the castle (Schloss Merode) from which the family's name derives.
Originally, the Merode family had the rank of Freiherr of the Holy Roman Empire. [1] During the Middle Ages, the family had possessions and influence in Köln and in the Rhineland, and it belonged to the reichsunmittelbar aristocracy. They supported the monastery of Schwarzenbroich, which was also the burial place for the deceased members of the family.
From the sons of Werner III von Merode (†1278), two branches of the house descended. The oldest branch was called 'Scheiffart von Merode'. The 'Scheiffart' or 'German' branch became extinct in 1733. The younger branch descends from Werner IV von Merode (†1316). This house also split into different branches, of which the branch of the Marquess of Westerloo, called 'de Merode-Westerloo', would become the most famous. The present-day 'Princes de Merode' in Belgium descend from the latter branch via Charles-Guillaume de Merode-Westerloo (1762–1830) and three of his four sons.
From the 14th century onwards, a branch of the Merode family gained power and possessions in the Duchy of Brabant and the Prince-Bishopric of Liège, on the territory of present-day Belgium. At that time, these territories belonged to the Burgundian Netherlands and later to the Habsburg Netherlands. [1]
The marriage of Richard de Merode with Margareth van Wezemaal marked a new age in the family's history. Due to this marriage, the house of Merode inherited important seigniories in Brabant, such as Westerloo and the County of Olen. Jean I de Merode married Adelheid van Hoorn in 1451 and brought Gheel, Diepenbeek and Duffel into the possession of the family. Through these and other marriages, the Merode family became one of the most important noble families in the Duchy of Brabant.
Jean II de Merode held the position of Lord Chamberlain of Philip the Handsome. He was succeeded by his son Jean III. After his death in 1551 his heirs ordered a monumental sepulchre for him and his wife that was made by the Antwerp sculptor Cornelis Floris. It stands in the church of Gheel and was erected in 1554.
The Eighty Years War greatly damaged the possessions of the Merode family. In the more prosperous era after the Twelve Years' Truce, the family's fortune grew again. In 1626, the title of Marquis of Westerloo was granted to Philippe I de Merode by King Philip IV of Spain. It was his great-grandson, Jean-Philippe-Eugène de Merode, Marquis of Westerloo, who would become one of the most illustrious descendants of the house: He is known as the Feld-Maréchal de Merode and became a knight in the order of the Golden Fleece, having served as an important military commander.
In the 18th century, the branch of Merode-Westerloo acquired wealth and power due to the extinction of other branches of the house (Merode-Houffalize, Merode-Deinze, Merode-Montfort, Merode-Calvo) and a few very advantageous marriages.
Through marriage of Philippe-François de Mérode with Louise-Brigitte de Rubempré, they acquired the domains and titles of 'Princes of Rubempré' and 'Prince of Everberg'.
During the French Revolution, the Austrian Netherlands were invaded by French republican troops and were incorporated into the French Republic. The domains of the family were confiscated and noble privileges were abolished. The family fled to Germany for a while. It was only after the declaration of the Empire des Français by Napoleon in 1804 that the family could regain their domains and some of their titles. A re-introduction of the noble privileges, however, would never be achieved. As a result, members of the Merode family became prominently engaged in politics and diplomacy. Charles-Guillaume-Ghislain de Merode-Westerloo had been active as a minister under Austrian rule since 1787 and would hold several other important political posts under successive regimes, such as mayor of Brussels in 1805, and senator of the French Empire in 1809. In 1815, he became Grand-Marshal of the court of King William I of the Netherlands, when the Belgian provinces were part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands.
His sons, Henri, Félix, Frédéric and Werner would play an important role in the Belgian revolution and in the political life of the Kingdom of Belgium. Frédéric de Merode became a new national hero when he was killed in the battle near Berchem during the Belgian revolution, while Félix de Merode became an important member of the Provisional Government of Belgium and the Belgian National Congress. After the first Belgian legislative elections, Henri de Merode became a senator, while his brothers Félix and Werner both became members of parliament. [2]
The descendants of Henri, Félix and Werner de Merode would form different branches, whose descendants would continue to play an important role in Belgian politics and diplomacy.
The family is known for its large estates and old castles. In 2014, the House of Merode-Westerloo sold 1,476 hectares of privately owned land to the Flemish region. [3] Among the castles owned are Merode, Westerlo, Trelon, Serrant, Rixensart, Everberg, Solre-sur-Sambre and Neffe.
Upon the death of Charles de Merode in 1977, this line became the senior branch of the House of Merode.
Werner de Merode (1797–1840), founder of the present younger branch of the family, married in 1818 with Countess Victoire de Spangen d'Uyternesse. Among their descendants are:
Some members of the House of Merode carried the title of Count from the fifteenth century, while a branch had the title of Baron of the Holy Roman Empire in the mid-fifteenth century and gained the title of Prince in 1759.
Philippe, Count of Merode (1594–1638), was the first Marquis of Westerloo.
The House of Merode bears the following titles:
Westerlo is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Antwerp. The municipality comprises seven towns:
Kortenberg is a Belgian municipality located in the province of Flemish Brabant, about halfway between the cities of Brussels and Leuven. The municipality comprises the subdivisions or deelgemeenten of Erps-Kwerps, Everberg, Kortenberg proper and Meerbeek. On 1 January 2013 Kortenberg had a total population of 19,393. The total area is 34.52 km2 which gives a population density of about 562 inhabitants per km2. In the southern part of Everberg there is also a hamlet called Vrebos, while between Erps-Kwerps and Meerbeek there is another hamlet called Schoonaarde, which can be found in the proximity of the train station of Erps-Kwerps.
The House of Croÿ is a family of European mediatized nobility, which held a seat in the Imperial Diet from 1486, and was elevated to the rank of Princes of the Holy Roman Empire in 1594. In 1533 they became Dukes of Arschot and in 1598 Dukes of Croy in France. In 1913, the family had branches in Belgium, France, Austria and Prussia.
The House of Ligne is one of the oldest Belgian noble families, dating back to the eleventh century. The family's name comes from the village of Ligne where it originated, between Ath and Tournai in what is now the Hainaut province of Belgium.
Philippe Félix Balthasar Otto Ghislain, Count de Merode, known as Félix de Merode, was a Belgian politician. He has been called "the architect of Belgian independence'.
On the territory of the municipality of Westerlo there are several castles.
The Belgian nobility comprises Belgian individuals or families recognized as noble with or without a title of nobility in the Kingdom of Belgium. The Belgian constitution states that no specific privileges are attached to the nobility.
Prince Jean Charles Lamoral de Ligne-La Trémoïlle, 14th Duke of Thouars, 13th Duke of La Trémoïlle, 16th Prince de Tarente, 20th Prince de Talmond and 20th Count of Laval, was a Franco-Belgian nobleman and the only child of the French Princess Charlotte de La Trémoïlle, 13th Duchess of Thouars, and her Belgian husband, Prince Henri-Florent de Ligne. Upon the death of his mother in 1971, he succeeded to all of her French noble titles, as well as disputed potential claims to the Kingdom of Jerusalem.
Xavier de Mérode was a Belgian prelate, archbishop and statesman of the Papal states.
Jean-Philippe-Eugène, Count de Mérode, 5th Marquess of Westerloo was a Belgian soldier and Feldmarschall of the Holy Roman Empire and a prominent member of the House of Merode. In Flemish and Dutch sources, he is known as Jan Filip van Merode-Westerloo.
Everberg is a town in the Belgian province Flemish Brabant and is part of the municipality of Kortenberg. The territory covers an area of 925 ha. The neighbouring towns or municipalities are Leefdaal, Kortenberg, Erps-Kwerps, Meerbeek, Sterrebeek, Moorsel and Tervuren. A small hamlet, called Vrebos, can also be found in Everberg.
Solre-sur-Sambre Castle is a water castle in Solre-sur-Sambre in the municipality of Erquelinnes, province of Hainaut, Wallonia, Belgium. It is one of the oldest fortified castles in Hainaut, and the property of the Princes de Merode.
Carlo Emanuele dal Pozzo, 5th Prince of La Cisterna was a nobleman and politician in the Kingdom of Sardinia. His other titles were 5th Principe di Belriguardo, 6th Marchese di Voghera, 6th Conte di Reano, 8th Conte di Ponderano, 8th Conte di Bonvicino, 6th Conte di Neive, 6th Conte di Perno, among others.
Countess Louise de Mérode was a member of the House of Merode by birth and Princess della Cisterna by marriage.
Jean Charles Joseph, Count of Merode, Marquess of Deynze was a noble of the Austrian Netherlands, born in the Prince-Bishopric of Liège. He was Lieutenant-Feldmarschall of the Holy Roman Empire, Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece.
Vilain and Vilain XIIII is a Belgian noble family. Their coat of arms is basically "Sable, on a chief argent a label of the field", a colour scheme that is present from the earliest Vilains in the 15th century, and is also seen in the Vilain XIIII arms, which have the "XIIII" added to it.
The House of d'Udekem is the name of a noble family that has belonged to the nobility of Belgium since 1816.
The Lords of Westerlo were the feudal lords of the fiefdom of Westerlo until the abolition of feudalism in 1795. The first known Lord of Westerlo was the Frankish nobleman Ansfried of Utrecht who gave this domain as allodial title to the chapters of Saint-Martin and Saint-Salvator in Utrecht after he became Bishop of Utrecht in 995. Since the late 15th century the Lords of Westerlo have been members of the House of Merode. In 1626 Westerlo was elevated to the rank of marquessate by King Philip IV of Spain in favor of Philippe I de Merode who became the first Marquess of Westerlo. The chief of the House of Merode stil bears the title of Marquess of Westerlo although the feudal rights attached to this title have been abolished since 1795. In the nineteenth and first half of the twentieth century the 10th, 11th and 12th Marquess have been elected Burgomaster of Westerlo.
Prinsenkasteel was a castle located in Grimbergen, Belgium. It was the residence of the lords of Grimbergen from the 14th Century onwards. The castle ruins are located in Prinsenbos Park.
Count Henri Marie Ghislain de Merode (1782–1847) was a member of the Belgian Senate and writer.
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