Humberston Fitties

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Humberston Fitties Chalet Park
Humberston Fitties Homes - geograph.org.uk - 2615984.jpg
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Humberston Fitties Chalet Park
Location within Lincolnshire
OS grid reference TA3305
•  London 140 mi (230 km)  S
Civil parish
District
Unitary authority
Shire county
Ceremonial county
Region
Country England
Sovereign state United Kingdom
Post town GRIMSBY
Postcode district DN36 4HA
Police Humberside
Fire Humberside
Ambulance East Midlands
UK Parliament
List of places
UK
England
Lincolnshire
53°31′47″N0°00′39″E / 53.5296°N 0.0108°E / 53.5296; 0.0108

The Humberston Fitties (officially named the Humberston Fitties Chalet Park [1] and known locally as The Fitties) is a holiday resort that began as an inter-war plotland in the civil parish of Humberston, in the North East Lincolnshire district, in the ceremonial county of Lincolnshire, England.

Contents

Since the 1920s it has evolved to a resort of around 330 chalets and bungalows. [2] The Fitties' lagoon is a Site of Special Scientific Interest. In 2007 the Fitties were featured in the first ever "Quality Coast Awards" (now called "Seaside Awards") for "Best Places to Go for Coastal Isolation" [3] and in 2017 they were declared a conservation area. [4]

The name

Humberston Fitties aerial view, 2007 Humberston Fitties 1 (aerial), 2007 - geograph.org.uk - 3149116.jpg
Humberston Fitties aerial view, 2007

The term "fitties" developed from the anglicisation of the Norse fitjar meaning "foreshore saltings" or "waterside grassland". [5] 'Fitties' can be found in several places along the Lincolnshire coastline, [6] including the 'North Cotes Fitties' and the 'Tetney Fitties'. [7]

In 1960 the Grimsby Rural District Council considered "the word 'fitties' unattractive [and] tried to change the name". [8] An alternative suggestion was the "Humberston Dunes Holiday Camp", [9] but the idea came to nothing, and the name remained unchanged. [10] In the early 20th century the area was known variously as the "Humberston Lido", the "Great Bear Camp" and "Halle Sands". It is currently the "Humberston Fitties Chalet Park." [11]

Regulations

To retain the Fitties' status as a camp, it operates a strictly enforced 10-month year: "All chalets must be vacated from four in the afternoon to 9.30 the next morning throughout January and February." This rule helps the Fitties to maintain the "impermanent spirit" that developed in the early days. [12]

Geography and biodiversity

The beach at Anthony's Bank Beach at Anthony's Bank - geograph.org.uk - 1601404.jpg
The beach at Anthony's Bank

In the 17th century the area was "well wooded". [13] The coastline was created by enclosing Anthony's Bank (now Marine Walk car park) in 1795. Within 40 years sand dunes had formed, [14] which would eventually become the site for the first bungalows on the Fitties. [15]

In 1986 the lagoon, comprising one main lagoon and four saltmarsh pools, was considered the most important lagoon in South Humberside. [16] It is the most northerly site in England for the sand shrimp Gammarus insensibilis. The lagoon is managed by the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds and has been described as "the third most important saline lagoon in Britain". [17]

In 1988, the Fitties' flats and marshes were designated a Site of Special Scientific Interest on account of their "wealth of rare birds" including " sanderling, knot, grey plover, ringed plover, dunlin, curlew, redshank, turnstone and shelduck." [18] [19]

Modern history

1900 to 1914

In 1900, the area that was to become the Fitties was used by Victorians for the popular new pastime of camping. [20] In 1901, the Parliamentary Committee of the Cleethorpes Urban Council discussed turning part of the land into a 'recreational facility', potentially as an extension of the golf links. The land's owner at the time, Earl Carrington, was in favour of the proposal. [21] A new golf course opened in 1908, with Earl Carrington leasing the land to Grimsby and Cleethorpes Golf Club for 99 years. [22] By 1910, "The Camping Club" and the "Grimsby Rifle Club" was also renting land from the Earl. [23]

World War I

Haile Sand Fort and Spurn Head Haile Sand Fort and Spurn Head - geograph.org.uk - 1205143.jpg
Haile Sand Fort and Spurn Head

During WWI, the Fitties' dunes were used by the army to build billets for soldiers stationed at the nearby Haile Sands Fort, from where anti-submarine chains with steel netting stretched to the south-east end of the coastline. [24]

In August 1914, the 3rd Battalion of the Manchester Regiment was stationed at the Fitties, training new recruits, rehabilitating injured soldiers and guarding the coastline between Cleethorpes and Tetney Lock. In 1915, a picket – a small unit of soldiers, placed on a defensive line forward of a friendly position to provide timely warning of enemy approach – was located there. Between 1916 and 1918, men from H Company were billeted there. [25]

1918 to 1940s

After WWI, with many soldiers have left the army, families moved into disused army huts, followed by holiday makers who stayed in "caravans, buses and railway carriages". [26] In 1920 Earl Carrington sold his entire Humberston estate, including the Fitties. [27] In 1921 several bungalows located on the Fitties were washed away after an "abnormal tide". [28]

In 1925 residents of the former army huts, together with additional makeshift homes, formed the Humberston Fitties Campers' Association. In 1938, Grimsby Rural District Council bought 330 acres of land in the Fitties from C F Crow (who had bought it from the Marquis of Lincolnshire) to create a "first class camping ground, which will attract people to the area", [29] including those from the Midlands who "do not have access to the sea." [30]

1940s and 1950s

A typical chalet at the Humberston Fitties Humberston Fitties Homes - geograph.org.uk - 2615962.jpg
A typical chalet at the Humberston Fitties

During WWII 100 acres of the Fitties, which had "laid idle for goodness knows how many years", was used for potato production. [31]

After WWII, a new layout and drainage system was put in place, together with shops and entertainment – including a mobile fish and chip van, mobile ice-cream van, donkey rides and the taking of "walkie pictures" [32] (more commonly known as 'walking pictures', commercial photographers would take photographs of people in the street, hand them a card inviting them to a kiosk later in the day to buy a souvenir photo). [33] [34]

By 1947 there were approximately 60 huts and bungalows at the Fitties, with 240 more added over the next nine years. [35] The Fitties became a hugely popular holiday destination, with a bungalow being a considerably cheaper option than a hotel or boarding house. [36] As many as 6,000 people could be accommodated. [37]

In 1950, the Fitties were referred to as "Bungalow Town". The local council fenced off the private property to prevent visitors from trespassing. [38] In 1952, in an effort to improve local conditions, 50 "structures", including converted buses and trams, were removed from the area. [39]

A storm surge in 1953 caused the dunes to be breached by the sea, after which remedial action was taken to protect them, including "brush-wood kidding, fencing and marram grass planting." [40] In 1956 over £6,000 was spent on further erosion prevention. [41]

In 1958 due to the high risk of flooding the Fitties were deemed a "potentially dangerous area" by the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research. Suggestions to improve safety included creating a "perfect flood warning system", the construction of a sea wall and more groynes [42] and planting of 2,000 Corsican and Scotch pines to "bind the soil". [43] However, work was never started, for reasons of cost, and instead the council "agreed that people wishing to rent plots on the Fitties should be told of the risk." [44]

In the same year, "picturesque water pumps" were replaced by taps, [45] a recommendation was made that roads be given names and bungalows numbers and 1,300 caravans were added to the 120 acres of land behind the dunes, creating further erosion. [46]

1960s

Sea defences at the beach Sea defences behind Humberston Fitties, after the tidal surge - geograph.org.uk - 3770790.jpg
Sea defences at the beach

In 1960, a doctor's surgery, a grocer's shop, a general store and a café with a fish and chip shop were built. £19,000 was spent on more sea defences, including a "low wall of slag over clay, with an asphalt walk on top" together with the purchase of a lifeboat and a loud-hailer. [47] An additional safety measure was the installation of telegraph poles with a "bosun's chair" on the off-shore sandbanks. The idea was copied from Marshchapel with the hope it would “solve for ever” the danger of people's drowning as they got cut off by the rising tide. [48]

Humberston North Sea train line Cleethorpes Coast Light Railway - geograph.org.uk - 5390771.jpg
Humberston North Sea train line

Also in 1960 the Lincolnshire Coast Light Railway Co. Ltd opened a 2-ft narrow-gauge railway, comprising 600 metres of track leased from Grimsby Rural District Council. [49] "Britain's shortest public passenger-carrying railway" [50] was operated by volunteers and ran between North Sea Lane and South Sea Lane stations [51] offering a daily service during the summer months. [52] The tracks were bought from the potato-fields railway at Nocton, Lincolnshire. [53]

Humber Mouth Yacht Club Humber Mouth Yacht Club - geograph.org.uk - 816692.jpg
Humber Mouth Yacht Club

In 1961, the Humber Mouth Yacht Club was opened at Tetney Haven. [54]

In the same year, the dunes were found to have been eroded by two thirds of their length because of strong waves. Around 260 tonnes of broken concrete and slag was used to shore up the weakest points and suggestions were made to further increase its stability, including building a higher and deeper sea wall between the dunes and the camp site, together with a clay bank on the beach. [55] Between 1961 and 1964 gabions and groynes costing £18,000 were built. However, within two years sand was scoured from the beach and the contents of the groynes washed out. [56]

In 1961, 20 more acres were added to the Fitties, reflecting its growing popularity. [57] It was at this time that the residents also established a first aid post because of "the number of untreated or inadequately treated accidents, mostly to children". [58] In the same year the area was declared part of a coastal conservation area. [59]

In 1962, approval was given to improve local sewage works provision. [60] Caravans were also replaced by a "chalet type of dwelling", which was a "welcome improvement". [61] In the same year permission was given for a clubhouse, the ‘’Foreshore Inn’’, to be built on the site of a former gun emplacement. [62]

In 1963, a further 21 acres were developed to accommodate 400 more caravans, [63] and the Humber Mouth Yacht Club (HMYC) opened a clubhouse. [64] The following year, the HMYC became affiliated with the Royal Yachting Association. [65]

In 1965, the Royal Life-Boat Institution provided a Zodiac "inshore rescue boat" for a one-year trial. [66] In the first year it saved the lives of 215 people. [67] In the summer of 1967, a bus service to the Fitties from Cleethorpes via the zoo was opened. During August alone, it transported over 67,000 passengers. [68]

In 1968, the area south of the Dutch Wall (which runs parallel to the lagoon) [69] was developed because of erosion of the sand dunes, and discussions began about restricting access of vehicles to the dunes. [70] In the same year the idea of creating a nature reserve on a former gravel pit was suggested. [71] In 1969, 80 acres west of Anthony's Bank were added to the Fitties. [72]

1970s

In 1970, the Lincolnshire Light Railway celebrated its tenth anniversary. It was estimated that during its short life it had carried half a million people between the Fitties and North Sea Lane. [73] A report commissioned in 1972 said of the Fitties, "Half-hearted commercial development has spoiled the natural area… Excessive vehicular and pedestrian pressure has caused considerable erosion." [74]

In 1973, the Fitties received a replacement lifeboat, which was called out "within hours of being taken into service" to rescue three children cut off by the tide. [75] In the same year a proposal was submitted to create a "marina type development" costing £1,500,000. [76] Nothing came of this.

1980s

In 1980, the Cleethorpes Council of Churches provided holidays in the Humberston Fitties for Vietnamese refugees who had arrived in England in late 1979. [77] In the same year a new Humberston Lifeguard Pavilion was opened. [78]

In 1982, to reduce erosion from pedestrians, fencing and special grasses were added along a 760-metre stretch of the dunes. [79]

In 1986, Lord Delfont's "First Leisure Corporation", who already owned Blackpool Tower, was in discussion with Cleethorpes Borough Council to buy the Humberston Fitties for £6 million. [80] The proposal was met by protests from chalet owners, with one issue being that the council hadn't offered them first refusal to buy their properties freehold. [81] Negotiations ceased in March 1987 and the council retained ownership of the Fitties. [82] In August 1987, Cleethorpes Borough Council announced plans to make the Humberston Fitties "Europe’s most up-to-date caravan park" for 1,200 caravans with cable TV, computer and telephone lines for every unit. [83] [84] In December 1989, Whitegate Leisure made a proposal to “transform Humberston Fitties into an up-market holiday village for the 1990s” to be renamed "South Beach Holiday Village". The plans included supermarkets, fast food outlets, a cabaret room, nightclub and fitness centre. [85] The plans were rejected in 1991. [86]

1990s onwards

Chalets at the Humberston Fitties Humberston Fitties - geograph.org.uk - 239957.jpg
Chalets at the Humberston Fitties

In August 1991, Cleethorpes Council received proposals from multiple companies applying to develop the Fitties. [87] In October it was announced that Bourne Leisure had won the bid, which included a nine-hole golf course, tennis courts, bowling green and indoor swimming pool [88] and "eventually" 200 new caravans. [89] The contract was signed in January 1992, giving Cleethorpes Borough Council £350,000 a year. [90] The site's name changed to "Thorpe Park" [91] and a heated outdoor swimming pool was built. [92]

In May 1992, "Caravan Watch" was launched, operating on the same system as the UK's Neighbourhood Watch. [93]

By 1993, the Fitties' long beach became the site's biggest development, including new "fully-serviced pitches, tarmac roads, street lighting, electricity, water and cables for television and satellite", together with 7,000 trees. [94] In September 1993, plans to bring electricity to the rest of the 2,000 established pitches were put on hold; at this point older pitches were still using "gas, candles, batteries or their own generators." [95]

In October 1993, the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds created "Humber International Birdwatch"in a large marquee located at Anthony's Bank carpark, including displays from 12 environmental organisations, including Birds of the Humber Trust and Lincolnshire Bird Club. [96]

By 1994, Bourne Leisure had installed a bowling green and several children's play areas and entertainment centres. [97] In November, the company proposed that it take over the older development. This was rejected by Cleethorpes Borough Council. [98]

In November 1995, 800 chalet owners signed a petition to create the "Fitties Conservation Area" through the creation of the "Fitties Preservation Society". The council launched a report which would "take a toothcomb over the site and its heritage, define what is a typical Fitties home… and look at what a conservation order can do to preserve the area's character." There was growing concern that, with an upcoming change to the County Council's structure, the new "Grimsby-based councillors [would not] appreciate what the Fitties were about." [99]

Humberston Fitties conservation area Humberston Fitties Entrance - geograph.org.uk - 2615938.jpg
Humberston Fitties conservation area

In March 1996, with support from the Twentieth Century Society, the Fitties were confirmed as a 'Conservation Area', which effectively preserved the 27-hectare site. [100] Of this status, it was said that, "though the Fitties did not have the elements usually associated with a conversation area, it had a special character and historic interest worth preserving." [101] [102] In 1998, in order to further protect the Fitties, the council passed an Article 4 direction allowing authorities greater control over the area. [103]

After a "50-year crusade for plug power", the original 330 chalets were connected to three new electric substations in May 1999. [104] The chalet owners also petitioned the North Lincolnshire Council to be able to fence their properties. [105]

In 2000, the Fitties were described as "a fascinating maze of unique wooden huts and bungalows, all with a distinctly maritime flavour and each one immaculately maintained." [106]

In 2016 North Lincolnshire Council put the Fitties up for sale. A Community Interest Company of residents was formed, which proposed to "finally come together to ensure that [their] needs and way of life in the park are protected as much as possible." [107] However they were outbid by Ting Dene Lifestyle Parks, who have owned the Fitties since 2017. [108] [109]

See also

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References

  1. ↑ "Fitties: 'Keep Humberston in title'". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1960-01-08. p. 4.
  2. ↑ Dowling, Alan (2023). Humberston Fitties: The Story of a Lincolnshire Plotland. Grimsby, UK: Independent Publishing Network. p. 10. ISBN   9781803527321.
  3. ↑ Rebecca Smithers (5 April 2007). "Coastal charms highlighted in new seaside awards". theguardian.com. Retrieved 2024-03-05.
  4. ↑ Godfrey Holmes (2017-06-17). "Humberston Fitties: Northern plotlanders determined to live on in facy of adversity". independent.co.uk. Retrieved 2024-08-28.
  5. ↑ Coates, Richard (2020). Grimsby and Cleethorpes Place Names. Lincoln, UK: The English Place-Name Society. p. 51. ISBN   9781911640035.
  6. ↑ "County Usage". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1960-01-01. p. 4 live.
  7. ↑ "Gossip of the day". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1960-01-05. p. 12.
  8. ↑ "Gossip of the day". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1960-01-05. p. 12.
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  10. ↑ "Humberston". Louth Standard. Louth, UK. 1960-02-05. p. 12.
  11. ↑ "Humberston Fitties". tingdenelifestyleparks.co.uk. Retrieved 2024-10-08.
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  15. ↑ Dowling, Alan (2023). Humberston Fitties – the story of a Lincolnshire plotland. insert: insert. p. 10. ISBN   9781803527321.
  16. ↑ I A Fuller, T C Telfer, C G Moore & M Wilkinson (1991). "The use of multivariate analytical techniques in conservation assessment of rocky seashores". Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems (Vol. 1 No. 2 ed.). insert: John Wiley & Sons Inc. p. 174.{{cite magazine}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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  18. ↑ "Conservation threat to beach fun". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1988-06-02. p. 1.
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  20. ↑ Dowling, Alan (2023). Humberston Fitties: The Story of a Lincolnshire Plotland. Grimsby, UK: Independent Publishing Network. p. 22. ISBN   9781803527321.
  21. ↑ "Improvements at Cleethorpes". Hull Daily Mail. Hull, UK. 1901-11-06. p. 4 live.
  22. ↑ "New Golf Pavilion". Grimsby News. Grimsby, UK. 1901-11-06. p. 4.
  23. ↑ Dowling, Alan (2023). Humberston Fitties: The Story of a Lincolnshire Plotland. Grimsby, UK: Independent Publishing Network. p. 22. ISBN   9781803527321.
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  25. ↑ Dowling, Alan (2023). Humberston Fitties: The Story of a Lincolnshire Plotland. Grimsby, UK: Independent Publishing Network. p. 22. ISBN   9781803527321.
  26. ↑ "Holiday chalet for sale". humberstonfitties.com. Retrieved 2023-07-09.
  27. ↑ Dowling, Alan (2023). Humberston Fitties: The Story of a Lincolnshire Plotland. Grimsby, UK: Independent Publishing Network. p. 25. ISBN   9781803527321.
  28. ↑ "An abnormal tide". Grimsby News. Grimsby, UK. 1921-12-19. p. 9.
  29. ↑ "Rural council's purchase". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1938-03-18. p. 1 live.
  30. ↑ "Humberston Camp Project". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1938-05-06. p. 9.
  31. ↑ "Land for potatoes". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1941-02-25. p. 4.
  32. ↑ "Grimsby Rural District Council". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1950-02-08. p. 2.
  33. ↑ Wheeler, Hazel (1998). Huddersfield in old photographs. Kent: Universal Books. p. 16. ISBN   9781840131901.
  34. ↑ "Photos of well-dressed women". Give me your heart. New York, USA: Warner Bros. 1936. p. 6.
  35. ↑ Mills, Dennis R (1989). Twentieth Century Lincolnshire. Lincoln, UK: Committee for the Society for Lincolnshire History and Archaeology. p. 166. ISBN   0902668145.
  36. ↑ "Holiday army 'in camp' at resort". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1951-07-03. p. 5.
  37. ↑ Ward, Colin (1986). Goodnight Campers!: The history of the holiday camp. London, UK: Mansell Pub. p. 166. ISBN   0720118352.
  38. ↑ "Tonight's gossip". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1950-08-17. p. 4.
  39. ↑ "Cleethorpes plans to improve camp sites". Grimsby Evening Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1952-02-28. p. 6.
  40. ↑ Mills, Dennis R (1989). Twentieth Century Lincolnshire. Lincoln, UK: Committee for the Society for Lincolnshire History and Archaeology. p. 166. ISBN   0902668145.
  41. ↑ "Big plan to stop shifting sands". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1956-09-26. p. 8.
  42. ↑ "Fitties may be 'dangerous'". Scunthorpe Evening Telegraph. Scunthorpe, UK. 1958-06-05. p. 7.
  43. ↑ "Pines may be used to bind soil on Fitties". Scunthorpe Evening Telegraph. Scunthorpe, UK. 1958-10-22. p. 12.
  44. ↑ "FItties seawall idea rejected". Scunthorpe Evening Telegraph. Scunthorpe, UK. 1958-07-30. p. 6.
  45. ↑ "Taps to replace Fitties pump". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1958-09-20. p. 5.
  46. ↑ "Chalet owners may stay an extra year". Scunthorpe Evening Telegraph. Scunthorpe, UK. 1958-11-18. p. 10.
  47. ↑ "Bookings pour in for Fitties caravan sites". Scunthorpe Evening Telegraph. Scunthorpe, UK. 1960-04-08. p. 5.
  48. ↑ "Up the pole – but they'll still be safe". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1960-06-24. p. 3.
  49. ↑ "insert". insert (Vol. 23 No. 271 ed.). London, UK: The Light Transport League. July 1960. p. 152.
  50. ↑ "Search for old man of steam". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1983-09-19. p. 6.
  51. ↑ Kaye, David (1984). Lincolnshire and South Humberside. Aylesbury, UK: Shire Publications. p. 44. ISBN   0852636822.
  52. ↑ Mee, Arthur (1970). Lincolnshire. London, UK: Hodder and Stoughton. p. 190. ISBN   0340127287.
  53. ↑ John Lindsey (1962-08-24). "Attention Dr. Beeching!". Louth Standard. Louth, UK. p. 12.
  54. ↑ "Boat Show". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1967-03-21. p. 10.
  55. ↑ "Emergency work to beat tidal threat to dunes". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1961-04-20. p. 4.
  56. ↑ Mills, Dennis R (1989). Twentieth Century Lincolnshire. Lincoln, UK: Committee for the Society for Lincolnshire History and Archaeology. p. 166. ISBN   0902668145.
  57. ↑ "5 changes in town map are accepted". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1961-04-21. p. 12.
  58. ↑ "Appalled at way holiday town mishaps treated". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1961-09-11. p. 6.
  59. ↑ "Many opinions". Louth Standard. Louth, UK. 1962-08-03. p. 13.
  60. ↑ "Fitties scheme approved". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1962-07-10. p. 5.
  61. ↑ Cormac, C D (1962). Annual Report of the County Medical Officer of Health. Lincoln, UK: Committee for the Society for Lincolnshire History and Archaeology. p. 12. ISBN   0902668145.
  62. ↑ "Clubhouse will go up on gun site". Grimsby Evening Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1962-03-27. p. 7.
  63. ↑ "Extension is planned but Mablethorpe is 'full up'". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1962-05-18. p. 4.
  64. ↑ "Boat Show". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1967-03-21. p. 10.
  65. ↑ "Birthday celebrations for Humber Mouth Yacht Club". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1996-06-13. p. 32.
  66. ↑ "Fitties to have rescue boat". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1965-04-13. p. 5.
  67. ↑ "Tribute to Humber rescuers". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1967-01-03. p. 8.
  68. ↑ "Bus service Fitties was a huge success". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1967-02-22. p. 7.
  69. ↑ Dowling, Alan (2023). Humberston Fitties: The Story of a Lincolnshire Plotland. Grimsby, UK: Independent Publishing Network. p. 28. ISBN   9781803527321.
  70. ↑ "Lindsey favours Humberston plan". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1968-02-01. p. 10.
  71. ↑ "Plan for wild life reserve at Fitties". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1968-10-08. p. 7.
  72. ↑ "Talks about future of Humberston land". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1969-02-26. p. 9.
  73. ↑ "One line which hasn't closed". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1970-09-03. p. 6.
  74. ↑ "Ex-RAF beach may become nature centre". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1972-07-08. p. 9.
  75. ↑ "Early call for a new lifeboat". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1973-04-02. p. 7.
  76. ↑ "£1,500,00 Marina plan for Humberston". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1973-12-18. p. 7.
  77. ↑ "Holiday homes". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1980-07-14. p. 6.
  78. ↑ "The deputy mayor of Cleethorpes". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1980-08-01. p. 1.
  79. ↑ "£27,000 to save the sand dunes". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1982-12-06. p. 9.
  80. ↑ "Hopes goes on Humberston Fitties sale". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1986-10-17. p. 2.
  81. ↑ "Fitties Owners protest". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1986-10-27. p. 3.
  82. ↑ "Fitties joy as Delfont plan ditched". Scunthorpe Evening Telegraph. Scunthorpe, UK. 1987-03-25. p. 7.
  83. ↑ "Luxury future for hi-tech Fitties". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1987-08-11. p. 2.
  84. ↑ "Yuppie threat to Fitties caravans". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1988-12-02. p. 1.
  85. ↑ "Toast of Coast bid at Fitties". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1989-12-01. p. 21.
  86. ↑ "Meeting on Fitties future". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1991-08-06. p. 1.
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  88. ↑ "Ready for the 21st century". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1991-10-04. p. 2.
  89. ↑ "Full backing for Bourne". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1991-11-21. p. 3.
  90. ↑ Michelle Hurst (1992-01-28). "Cleethorpes Bourne again". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. p. 1.
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  92. ↑ "Woods by the sea?". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1993-02-10. p. 21.
  93. ↑ "Neighbourhood Watch News Round-Up". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1992-05-28. p. 24.
  94. ↑ "Well on the way to transformation". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1993-06-23. p. 44.
  95. ↑ "Fitties move for power is put on hold". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1993-09-22. p. 17.
  96. ↑ "RSPB bid for marshes". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1993-10-08. p. 2.
  97. ↑ "Seaside splendour". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1994-03-24. p. 13.
  98. ↑ "Labour Fitties u-turn". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1994-11-09. p. 1.
  99. ↑ "Let's save the Fitties!". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1995-11-29. p. 2.
  100. ↑ Tim Greenfield (1996-01-23). "Another boost for the Fitties". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. p. 2.
  101. ↑ "Over 800 signed petition". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1996-01-08. p. 12.
  102. ↑ "Fitties site wins conservation status". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1996-03-06. p. 4.
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  104. ↑ Laura Clark (1999-05-06). "Watt a jolly holiday!". Grimsby Daily Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. p. 3.
  105. ↑ "Please fence us in". Grimsby Evening Telegraph. Grimsby, UK. 1999-09-16. p. 6.
  106. ↑ Fox, Roger (2000). Lincolnshire Teashop Walks. Newbury, UK: Countryside. p. 95. ISBN   1853066273.
  107. ↑ Godfrey Holmes (2017-06-17). "Humberston Fitties: Northern plotlanders determined to live on in facy of adversity". independent.co.uk. Retrieved 2024-08-28.
  108. ↑ "Humberston Fitties". tingdenelifestyleparks.co.uk. Retrieved 2023-09-01.
  109. ↑ Lara King. "Residents' security fear during park closure". bbc.com. Retrieved 2024-02-24.
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