Atrazine is a chlorinated herbicide of the triazine class. It is used to prevent pre-emergence broadleaf weeds in crops such as maize (corn), soybean and sugarcane and on turf, such as golf courses and residential lawns. Atrazine's primary manufacturer is Syngenta and it is one of the most widely used herbicides in the United States, Canadian, and Australian agriculture. Its use was banned in the European Union in 2004, when the EU found groundwater levels exceeding the limits set by regulators, and Syngenta could not show that this could be prevented nor that these levels were safe.
1,3,5-Triazine, also called s-triazine, is an organic chemical compound with the formula (HCN)3. It is a six-membered heterocyclic aromatic ring, one of several isomeric triazines. S-triazine—the "symmetric" isomer—and its derivatives are useful in a variety of applications.
Atrazine Chlorohydrolase (AtzA) is an enzyme (E.C.3.8.1.8), which catalyzes the conversion of atrazine to hydroxyatrazine. Bacterial degradation determines the environmental impact and efficacy of an herbicide or pesticide. Initially, most pesticides are highly effective and show minimal bacterial degradation; however, bacteria can rapidly evolve and gain the ability to metabolize potential nutrients in the environment. Despite a remarkable structural similarity, degradation of atrazine by bacteria capable of melamine degradation was rare; however, since its introduction as a pesticide in the United States, bacteria capable of atrazine degradation have evolved. Currently, Pseudomonas sp. strain ADP seems to be the optimal bacterial strain for atrazine degradations, which appears to be the sole nitrogen source for the bacteria.
In enzymology, a 2,6-dioxo-6-phenylhexa-3-enoate hydrolase (EC 3.7.1.8) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a 2-hydroxymuconate-semialdehyde hydrolase (EC 3.7.1.9) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, an aerobactin synthase (EC 6.3.2.39) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
The enzyme 2-oxopent-4-enoate hydratase (EC 4.2.1.80) catalyzes the chemical reaction
The enzyme cyanamide hydratase (EC 4.2.1.69) catalyzes the chemical reaction
The enzyme 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase (EC 3.1.2.4) catalyzes the reaction
In enzymology, an allophanate hydrolase (EC 3.5.1.54) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a biuret amidohydrolase (EC 3.5.1.84) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a bromoxynil nitrilase (EC 3.5.5.6) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a cyanuric acid amidohydrolase (EC 3.5.2.15) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a diaminohydroxyphosphoribosylaminopyrimidine deaminase (EC 3.5.4.26) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a mimosinase (EC 3.5.1.61) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a N-isopropylammelide isopropylaminohydrolase (EC 3.5.99.4) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a N-methyl-2-oxoglutaramate hydrolase (EC 3.5.1.36) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a theanine hydrolase (EC 3.5.1.65) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
3-hydroxy-9,10-secoandrosta-1,3,5(10)-triene-9,17-dione monooxygenase (EC 1.14.14.12, HsaA) is an enzyme with systematic name 3-hydroxy-9,10-secoandrosta-1,3,5(10)-triene-9,17-dione,FMNH2:oxygen oxidoreductase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction:
Cyanazine is a herbicide that belongs to the group of triazines. Cyanazine inhibits photosynthesis and is therefore used as a herbicide.
