IC 2431

Last updated
IC 2431
IC2431 - HST, PanSTARRS.png
Hubble Space Telescope and PAN-STARRS image of IC 2431
Observation data
Constellation Cancer
Right ascension 136.14 degrees
Declination 14.59 degrees
Redshift 0.049700
Heliocentric radial velocity 14,579 km/s
Distance 684 Mly (209.71 Mpc)
Apparent magnitude  (V)14.3
Characteristics
Type Group
Notable features Interacting galaxies
Other designations
PGC 25476, CGCG 090-063, UGC 4756, Mrk 1224, IRAS 09018+1447, SFRS 040, MCG +03-23-030, NVSS J090434+143538, VV 645, LSBC D634-04, AKARI J0904345+143541, VLSS J0904.5+1435, TXS 0901+147, LEDA 25476

IC 2431 are a group of interacting galaxies in the constellation of Cancer. [1] [2] They are located 684 million light-years away from the Solar System [3] and were discovered on February 24, 1896, by Stephane Javelle. [4]

Characteristics

There are at least three galaxies involved in the gravitational interaction. They are IC 2431 NED01 (known as PGC 200245), [5] IC 2431 NED02 (known as NSA 135647) [6] and IC 2431 NED03 (known as PGC 200246). [7] Additionally, a fourth galaxy (PGC 200247) [8] might also be involved in the interaction. As they draw closer to each other, the forces are causing them to tear each other apart. [9] This is common in the universe and all large galaxies, including the Milky Way own their size to violent mergers. [9]

Hubble image of IC 2431 Tumultuous galactic trio (51888739778).jpg
Hubble image of IC 2431

The galaxies are undergoing tumultuous mixture of star formation and tidal distortions which are caused by the interaction. [10] In the center, a thick cloud of dust is seen obscuring, which light from a background galaxy is piercing its outer extremities. [10] Also, they display a thermally-dominated X-ray emission which is much more in excess of expectations based on its own star formation rate. [11]

IC 2431 falls under the category of Markarian Galaxies as Mrk 1224, [3] in which its core shines bright in ultraviolet rays. It is possible that carbon monoxide might be present in the regions of the interacting galaxies, which can be determined by the fraction of interstellar gas and total mass in form of molecules. [12] Not to mention, IC 2431 possibly contains an active nucleus which produces ionized gas outflows. [13] [14]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4492</span> Spiral galaxy in the constellation Virgo

NGC 4492 is a spiral galaxy located about 90 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. NGC 4492 was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on December 28, 1785. It was rediscovered by astronomer Arnold Schwassmann on January 23, 1900, and was listed as IC 3438. NGC 4492 lies in the direction of the Virgo Cluster. However, it is not considered to be a member of that cluster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 6040</span> Galaxy in the constellation Hercules

NGC 6040 is a spiral galaxy located about 550 million light-years away in the constellation Hercules. NGC 6040 was discovered by astronomer Édouard Stephan on June 27, 1870. NGC 6040 is interacting with the lenticular galaxy PGC 56942. As a result of this interaction, NGC 6040's southern spiral arm has been warped in the direction toward PGC 56942. NGC 6040 and PGC 56942 are both members of the Hercules Cluster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4660</span> Galaxy in the constellation Virgo

NGC 4660 is an elliptical galaxy located about 63 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on March 15, 1784 and is a member of the Virgo Cluster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3860</span> Spiral galaxy in the constellation Leo

NGC 3860 is a spiral galaxy located about 340 million light-years away in the constellation Leo. NGC 3860 was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 27, 1785. The galaxy is a member of the Leo Cluster and is a low-luminosity AGN (LLAGN). Gavazzi et al. however classified NGC 3860 as a strong AGN which may have been triggered by a supermassive black hole in the center of the galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4305</span> Dwarf spiral galaxy in the constellation Virgo

NGC 4305 is a dwarf spiral galaxy located about 100 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on May 2, 1829. Although considered to be a member of the Virgo Cluster, its high radial velocity and blue luminosity suggest it is in fact a background galaxy. The galaxy has a nearby major companion; NGC 4306.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 646</span> Galaxy in the constellation Hydrus

NGC 646 is a large barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Hydrus. Its speed relative to the cosmic microwave background is 8,145 ± 19 km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble distance of 120.1 ± 8.4 Mpc. NGC 646 was discovered by British astronomer John Herschel in 1834. It forms an interacting galaxy pair.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IC 4271</span> Spiral galaxy located in constellation Canes Venatici

IC 4271 is a spiral galaxy located some 800 million light-years away in the Canes Venatici constellation. It is 130,000 light-years in diameter. IC 4271 was first located on July 10, 1896, by Stephane Javelle, a French astronomer. It hosts a Seyfert type 2 nucleus, containing an acceleration disc around its supermassive black hole which releases large amounts of radiation, hence its bright appearance. IC 4271 appears to be interacting with its smaller neighboring galaxy, PGC 3096774.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PGC 1228197</span> Galaxy located in the constellation Aquarius

PGC 1228197 known as WINGS J211347.41+022834.9 and JO206, is a large spiral galaxy located 700 million light-years away towards the constellation of Aquarius. The galaxy is estimated to be at least 160,000 thousand light-years in diameter, making it somehow bigger than the Milky Way. With a radial velocity of 15,200 kilometers per second, it is slowly drifting away. It is classified as a jellyfish galaxy, mainly due to interactions from other galaxies, causing it to run into intracluster medium and stripping the gas from it, which causes long galactic tendrils of stars. It has an active galactic nucleus according to SIMBAD.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IRAS 14348-1447</span> Galaxy in the constellation Libra

IRAS 14348-1447 known as PGC 52270, are a pair of spiral galaxies located 1 billion light-years away in the constellation of Libra. The galaxy IRAS 14348-1447NE, is in the early process of merging with IRAS 14348-1447SW, causing gravity to pull stars from both galaxies and forming tidal tails. As the interaction takes place, molecular gas is swirled about and creating emission that is responsible for the galaxies' ultraluminous appearance.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PGC 2456</span> Galaxy in the constellation Cetus

PGC 2456 known as KAZ 364 and JO201, is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Cetus. A member of Abell 85 galaxy cluster, it is located 617 million light-years away from the solar system and is considered a jellyfish galaxy due to the fact the tendrils are seen drifting downwards from its core. This mainly occurs when such galaxies like PGC 2456, moves through high speeds across the galaxy clusters, causing ram pressure to stripped gas, thus forming tendrils full of star formation. It is listed as a Seyfert galaxy by SIMBAD, meaning it has an active galactic nucleus. PGC 2456 lies 360 kiloparsecs from the brightest cluster galaxy, Holmberg 15A.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">UGC 1840</span> Interacting galaxies in the constellation Andromeda

UGC 1840 known as Arp 145, are a pair of interacting galaxies located 250 million light-years away from the Solar System in the Andromeda constellation. Made up of two galaxies, UGC 1840 NED01 and UGC 1840 NED02, the two galaxies had recently collided with each other in which the elliptical galaxy has penetrated through the spiral galaxy's nucleus leaving a hole in its middle, thus forming a ring galaxy. With a diameter of 1.3 arc minutes, close to 100,000 thousand light-years, they are roughly the same size as the Milky Way.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">UGC 6697</span> Galaxy in the constellation Leo

UGC 6697 is a large irregular spiral galaxy with a bar located in the Leo constellation. It is located 378 million light-years from the solar system and has an estimated diameter of 205,000 light-years. UGC 6697 is considered a starburst galaxy which produces high rates of star formation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ESO 69-6</span> Pair of interacting galaxies in the constellation Triangulum Australe

ESO 69-6 collectively known as AM 1633-682, is a pair of interacting galaxies located 654 million light-years away in the constellation of Triangulum Australe. They are made of two galaxies: ESO 069-IG 006N known as IRAS 16330-6820, and ESO 069-IG 006S known as LEDA 285730.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">SDSSCGB 10189</span> Interacting galaxies in the constellation Boötes

SDSSCGB 10189 is a trio of interacting galaxies that is located in the constellation of Boötes. They are located 1.04 billion light-years away from the Solar System and are gravitationally interacting.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IC 1166</span> Pair of galaxies in Corona Borealis

IC 1166 are a pair of galaxies in the Corona Borealis constellation comprising IC 1166 NED01 and IC 1166 NED02. They are located 977 million light-years from the solar system and were discovered on July 28, 1892, by Stephane Javelle.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IC 1182</span>

IC 1182 is a type S0-a lenticular galaxy located in Hercules. It is located 464 million light-years away from the Solar System and was discovered on August 11, 1892, by Stephane Javelle. IC 1198 is a member of the Hercules Cluster, which is a part of the CfA 2 Great Wall.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3751</span>

NGC 3751 is a type E-S0 lenticular galaxy located in the Leo constellation. It is located 450 million light-years away from the Solar System and was discovered by Ralph Copeland on April 5, 1874.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IC 2759</span> Elliptical galaxy in the constellation of Leo

IC 2759 is a small type E elliptical galaxy located in the constellation of Leo. It is located 350 million light-years away from the Solar System and was discovered on April 24, 1897, by Guillaume Bigourdan. Sometimes IC 2759 is confused with the spiral galaxy, PGC 34882 which is located south of the galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 5098</span> Binary pair of distant galaxies in Canes Venatici constellation

NGC 5098 are a binary pair of distant galaxies located in Canes Venatici constellation. They are made up of one Type E elliptical galaxy, PGC 46529 or NGC 5098 NED01 located east and one Type ES-0 lenticular galaxy, PGC 46515 or NGC 5098 NED02 located west. Both galaxies are located 559 million light-years away from the Solar System and were discovered on April 29, 1827, by John Herschel.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IC 3278</span> Galaxy located in Coma Berenices

IC 3278 known as PGC 40345, is a large type SBbc spiral galaxy located in Coma Berenices. Its redshift is 0.093851, meaning IC 3278 is 1.29 billion light-years away from Earth, which given its apparent dimensions of 0.80 x 0.6 arcmin, means IC 3278 is 301,000 light-years across. The galaxy was discovered on March 23, 1903, by Max Wolf. Together with two lenticular galaxies, IC 3278 NED01 and IC 3278 NED02, they form a galaxy triplet bearing its same name. According to a study which was conducted by Takase and Miyauchi-Isobe, IC 3278 can be considered an ultraviolet-excess galaxy as it is detected on multi-color plates which was taken via a Kiso Schmidt telescope for 10 survey fields.

References

  1. ↑ Astronomy, Go. "IC 2431 | galaxy group in Cancer | IC List | GO ASTRONOMY". Go-Astronomy.com. Retrieved 2024-04-29.
  2. ↑ Ford, Dominic. "IC2431 (Galaxy)". In-The-Sky.org. Retrieved 2024-04-29.
  3. 1 2 "NED Search Results for IC 2431". ned.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2024-04-29.
  4. ↑ "Index Catalog Objects: IC 2400 - 2449". cseligman.com. Retrieved 2024-04-29.
  5. ↑ "NED Search Results for IC 2431 NED01". ned.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2024-04-29.
  6. ↑ "NED Search Results for IC 2431 NED02". ned.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2024-04-29.
  7. ↑ "NED Search Results for IC 2431 NED03". ned.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2024-04-29.
  8. ↑ "NED Search Results for IC 3431 NED04". ned.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2024-04-29.
  9. 1 2 Brandon Specktor (2022-02-21). "Three galaxies are tearing each other apart in stunning new Hubble telescope image". Space.com. Retrieved 2024-04-29.
  10. 1 2 information@eso.org. "Tumultuous Galactic Trio". www.spacetelescope.org. Retrieved 2024-04-29.
  11. ↑ Soria, Roberto (2022-09-01). "Rapid Galaxy Evolution in the Compact Group IC 2431". Chandra Proposal: 6394. Bibcode:2022cxo..prop.6394S.
  12. ↑ Gordon, M. A.; Heidmann, J.; Epstein, E. E. (1982). "1982PASP...94..415G Page 415". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 94: 415. Bibcode:1982PASP...94..415G. doi:10.1086/131002 . Retrieved 2024-04-29.
  13. ↑ "A new, clean catalogue of extragalactic non-nuclear X-ray sources in nearby galaxies". academic.oup.com. Retrieved 2024-04-29.
  14. ↑ Muñoz, L. Hermosa; Márquez, I.; Cazzoli, S.; Masegosa, J.; Agís-González, B. (2022-04-01). "A search for ionised gas outflows in an Hα imaging atlas of nearby LINERs". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 660: A133. arXiv: 2201.05080 . Bibcode:2022A&A...660A.133H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202142629. ISSN   0004-6361.
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