Idital or Edital is a form of Indian painting from the state of Odisha. It is a kind of Saura painting that was invented and is practiced by the Sora people who mostly live in Rayagada, Gajapati and Koraput districts of Odisha. The artisans paint Idital as a symbol of devotion to the tribal deity "Idital" or "Edital". Each piece of Idital painting contains symbols and signs and each one of them convey a distinct meaning. "Jodisum" and "Jananglasum" are two known Idital styles.
Seven out of the 62 tribes of Odisha decorate their wall with mural paintings. [1] Sora are known for their wide range of painting styles based on religious and ceremonial themes. [2] [3] They have invariably religious association for which they are called italon or ikon. Ikons used to be originally painted on the walls of the adobe huts of the Sora people. Ikons are worshipped during special religious and cultural occasions such as child-birth, harvest, marriage and the construction of a new house. [4] [5] [6] Iditals are generally made to pay tribute to the deities and ancestors.
The iconic line drawings of Idital are based on simple geometrical forms. Humans, horses, elephants, the sun, the moon and the tree of life are some of the recurring motifs in the ikons. [7] The backgrounds of the paintings are prepared from red or yellow ochre earth which is then painted over using brushes created from tender bamboo shoots. Natural dyes and chromes derived from ground white stone, hued earth, and vermilion and mixtures of tamarind seed, flower and leaf extracts are used for Ikons. [8] [9] [10]
The folklore of India encompasses the folklore of the nation of India and the Indian subcontinent. India is an ethnically and religiously diverse country. Given this diversity, it is difficult to generalize the vast folklore of India as a unit.
Jagannath is a deity worshipped in regional Hindu traditions in India and Bangladesh as part of a triad along with his brother Balabhadra, and sister, Subhadra. Jagannath, within Odia Hinduism, is the supreme god, Purushottama, and the Para Brahman. To most Vaishnava Hindus, particularly the Krishnaites, Jagannath is an abstract representation of Krishna, or Vishnu, sometimes as the avatar of Krishna or Vishnu. To some Shaiva and Shakta Hindus, he is a symmetry-filled tantric form of Bhairava, a fierce manifestation of Shiva associated with annihilation.
Ratha Yatra is a Hindu festival associated with Lord Jagannath held at Shri Khetra Puri Dham in the state of Odisha, India. It is the oldest Ratha Yatra, whose descriptions can be found in Brahma Purana, Padma Purana, and Skanda Purana and Kapila Samhita. Rath Yatra or Jatra is the celebration of the Lord Jagannath, who is believed to be the Lord of Universe journey towards his aunt's house.
A thangka, variously spelled as thangka, tangka, thanka, or tanka, is a Tibetan Buddhist painting on cotton, silk appliqué, usually depicting a Buddhist deity, scene, or mandala. Thangkas are traditionally kept unframed and rolled up when not on display, mounted on a textile backing somewhat in the style of Chinese scroll paintings, with a further silk cover on the front. So treated, thangkas can last a long time, but because of their delicate nature, they have to be kept in dry places where moisture will not affect the quality of the silk. Most thangkas are relatively small, comparable in size to a Western half-length portrait, but some are extremely large, several metres in each dimension; these were designed to be displayed, typically for very brief periods on a monastery wall, as part of religious festivals. Most thangkas were intended for personal meditation or instruction of monastic students. They often have elaborate compositions including many very small figures. A central deity is often surrounded by other identified figures in a symmetrical composition. Narrative scenes are less common, but do appear.
Khonds are an indigenous Adivasi tribal community in India. Traditionally hunter-gatherers, they are divided into the hill-dwelling Khonds, and plain-dwelling Khonds for census purposes. All the Khonds identify by their clan, and usually hold large tracts of fertile land, but still practice hunting, gathering, and slash-and-burn agriculture in the forests as a symbol of their connection to and ownership of the forest. Khonds speak the Kui / Kuvi language and write it in the Odia script.
The Jagannath Temple is an important Hindu temple dedicated to Jagannath, a form of Vishnu – one of the trinity of supreme divinity in Hinduism. Puri is in the state of Odisha, on the eastern coast of India. The present temple was rebuilt from the tenth century onwards, on the site of pre-existing temples in the compound but not the main Jagannatha temple, and begun by Anantavarman Chodaganga, the first king of the Eastern Ganga dynasty.
The Sora are a Munda ethnic group from eastern India. They live in southern Odisha and north coastal Andhra Pradesh.
Warli painting is a form of tribal art mostly created by the tribal people from the North Sahyadri Range in Maharashtra, India. This range encompasses cities such as Dahanu, Talasari, Jawhar, Palghar, Mokhada, and Vikramgad of Palghar district. This tribal art was originated in Maharashtra, where it is still practiced today.
Religious violence in Odisha consists of civil unrest and riots in the remote forest region surrounding the Kandhamal district in the western parts of the Indian state of Odisha.
The Sabar people are one of the Adivasi of Munda ethnic group tribe who live mainly in Odisha and West Bengal. During the colonial period, they were classed as one of the 'criminal tribes' under Criminal Tribes Act 1871, and suffer from social stigma and ostracism in modern times.
The Indian state of Odisha has a rich cultural and artistic heritage. Due to the reign of many different rulers in the past, arts and crafts in Odisha underwent many changes giving an artistic diversity today in the forms of traditional handicrafts, painting and carving, dance and music, clothing, etc.
Patachitra or Pattachitra is a general term for traditional, cloth-based scroll painting, based in the eastern Indian states of Odisha, West Bengal and parts of Bangladesh. Patachitra artform is known for its intricate details as well as mythological narratives and folktales inscribed in it. Pattachitra is one of the ancient artworks of Odisha, originally created for ritual use and as souvenirs for pilgrims to Puri, as well as other temples in Odisha. Patachitras are a component of an ancient Bengali narrative art, originally serving as a visual device during the performance of a song.
Sambalpur, in Orissa, India, is a region that has a distinct cultural identity. The songs, clothing, dances, language and festivals celebrated in Sambalpur are unique. This distinct cultural identity arises from the strong association of the tribal and folk communities which have been coexisting in Sambalpur for centuries.
Several folk dance forms evolved in different regions of Odisha, Odissi and Chhau being some popular forms. Sambalpuri dance is most popular dance of western Odisha and is enjoyed by many.
Saura painting is a style of wall mural paintings associated with the Saura tribals of the state of Odisha in India. These paintings, also called ikons are visually similar to Warli paintings and hold religious significance for the Sauras.
Mangei Gomango, popularly known as Pandita Sabara Mangei Gamango was an Indian language activist who is said to have devised the tribal language of Rayagada district. He has been awarded by Odisha Sahitya Academy.
Dhemsa is a traditional folk dance of tribal people of central India-Southern Odisha and adjacent areas of Chhattisgarh and Andhra Pradesh. The dancers form a chain by holding each others by the shoulder and waist and dancing to the tune of traditional instruments. Dhemsa is a unique folk-dance form performed in groups. It has a certain composition, style, rhythm, body language, traditional costumes, hairstyles, foot steps, etc.
Paniki is a traditional East Indian tool with a cutting edge with a wooden footrest. Panikis are used in the kitchen for chopping vegetables, fish and meat. Panikis are mostly found in Odisha, India and the variations of the tool is known as Boti in West Bengal and Tripura in India and in Bangladesh. Various tribes of Odisha used for different purposes. The tribe members of the Mutkia Kondha worship paniki as deity and do not keep their feet with their feet. They rather use a special type of paniki with a wooden stand. Panikis of ancient times show engraving of cultural and religious elements. Traditionally in rural Odisha, panikis are made from wrought iron or recycled steel by the blacksmith.
The National List of Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) of India is an attempt to recognize the diversity of Indian culture embedded in its intangible heritage. It aims to raise awareness about the various intangible cultural heritage elements from different states of India at national and international level and ensure their protection.
Media related to Idital at Wikimedia Commons| Dance |
| ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Music | |||||||
| Play, theatre and puppetry |
| ||||||
| Wedding | |||||||
| Festivals | |||||||
| Martial arts | |||||||
| Handlooms | |||||||
| Arts and Handicrafts |
| ||||||
| Architecture | |||||||
| Calendar (Panjika) | |||||||
 | This article related to art techniques is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
