Gajapati district

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Gajapati district
Khasada Waterfall Jiranga.jpg
Mahendragiri Hills.jpg
Padmasambhab Mahavihara Monastery.jpg
Gandahati Waterfall.jpg
B.N. Palace.jpg
Mahendragiri Temple, Mahendragiri.jpg
Gajapati King Palace.jpg
Clockwise from top-left: Khasada Waterfall, Mahendragiri Hills, Padmasambhava Mahavihara monastery, Gandahati waterfall, B.N. Palace, Mahendragiri Temple, Gajapati Palace
India Odisha Gajapati district.svg
Location in Odisha
Coordinates: 19°02′N84°12′E / 19.03°N 84.2°E / 19.03; 84.2
CountryFlag of India.svg  India
State Orissa Flag(INDIA).png Odisha
Blocks & Tahasils 07
District
Formation
October 2, 1992;31 years ago (1992-10-02)
Named for Maharaja Krushna Chandra Gajapati Narayan Deo
Headquarter Paralakhemundi
Block and tehsil Paralakhemundi (Gosani)
Kashinagar
Gumma
Rayagada
Nuagada
R. Udayagiri
Mohana
Government
   District Collector and District Magistrate Smruti Ranjan Pradhan, IAS
Area
  Total3,850 km2 (1,490 sq mi)
  Rank16th
Elevation
850 m (2,790 ft)
Population
 (2023)
  Total803,166
  Rank28th
  Density209/km2 (540/sq mi)
Demonym Gajapatia
Languages
  Official Odia, English
  Local Sora   Kui
Time zone UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
761 xxx
Telephone code06815 Paralakhemundi
06816 Mohana
06817 R. Udayagiri
Vehicle registration OD-20
Nearest city Berhampur
Sex ratio 1042 /
Literacy53.49%
Lok Sabha Constituency Berhampur
Vidhan Sabha Constituency 2
 
Climate Aw (Köppen)
Precipitation 1,403.3 millimetres (55.25 in)
Avg. summer temperature41 °C (106 °F)
Avg. winter temperature16 °C (61 °F)
Website www.gajapati.nic.in

Gajapati district is a district of Odisha State in India. It was created from Ganjam District on 2 October, 1992. As of 2011 it is the third least populous district of Odisha (out of 30), after Debagarh and Boudh. [1] The District is a part of the Red Corridor.[ citation needed ]

Contents

Gajapati district was named after Krushna Chandra Gajapati Narayan Deb, the King of the Paralakhemundi estate and the first Prime Minister of Orissa, who is remembered for his contribution in the formation of a separate state, and inclusion of his estate in Odisha. The district headquarters at Paralakhemundi, formerly a Zamindari, has been clustered within a radius of approximately 5 kilometers around the geometric centre of Paralakhemundi.

History

The history of Gajapati district goes back to the Paralakhemundi kingdom. It was part of the Gajapati Kingdom of Odisha. During the 12th century CE Paralakhemundi was part of the Khemundi state. During the reign of Mukunda Dev Khemundi was trifurcated creating 3 states Bada Khemundi, Sana Khemundi and Paralakhemundi. After the trifurcation, Subhalinga Bhanu became the ruler of the Paralakhemundi. This line of kings continued to rule Paralakhemundi throughout the Mughal Maratha rule of Odisha. Before the British completed control of Odisha, Parala became a feudal state of British Raj during the reign of Gajapati Jagannatha Narayanadev in 1767. The state had some conflict with the British administrators. The king Gajapati Jagannatha Narayanadev and his son was arrested by the British. The state then came under direct British supervision. There was a revolt among the tribals and Paikas of the state against the King's detention. Due to this, the King was reinstated to his position. [2] Paralakhemundi remained under the administration as a feudatory state until its unification with Odisha. [3] One of the prominent kings of Parala was Krushna Chandra Gajapati. He was an active member of Utkal Sammilani and was instrumental in creating the separate state for Odisha. Finally, with the effort of Maharaja Krushna Chandra Gajapati and Utkal Sammilani, the separate state of United Odisha was formed on 1 April 1936. The state of Paralkhemundi in Vizagapatam district was partitioned into two – with the capital and most of the princely state coming under Odisha and the remaining Telugu-speaking areas remained under Madras Presidency. In 1937, the first Governor of Odisha, Sir John Austin Hubback invited Krushna Chandra Gajapati Dev to form the cabinet. Shri Gajapati was the first Prime Minister of the Odisha state from 1 April 1937 to 18 July 1937. He was the Prime Minister of Odisha for the second time from 24 November 1941 to 30 June 1944. [4] [5]

It was created from Ganjam District on 2 October, 1992. Gajapati district was named after Krushna Chandra Gajapati Narayan Deb, the King of the Paralakhemundi estate and the first Prime Minister of Orissa, who is remembered for his contribution in the formation of a separate state, and inclusion of his estate in Odisha. The district headquarters at Paralakhemundi, formerly a Zamindari, has been clustered within a radius of approximately 5 kilometers around the geometric centre of Paralakhemundi.

Geography

Paddy Fields around the road from Munising to Seranga in Gajapati District Paddy Fields around the road from Munising to Seranga in Gajapati District.jpg
Paddy Fields around the road from Munising to Seranga in Gajapati District
Gajapati district
Gajapati district
Gajapati district

Gajapati district located at the south-east of Odisha between longitude 84° 32'E and 83° 47'E and latitude 18° 44'N and 19° 39'N. The Mahendratanaya River flows through it. The district borders with Andhra Pradesh in the south, District of Rayagada to the west, District of Ganjam to the east and District of Kandhamala to the north. The district is located on a hilly terrain of Eastern Ghats. The mountain Mahendragiri, a segment of Eastern Ghats is situated in this district.

The climate is subtropical with high humidity. The summer season is between March and mid-June and is extremely hot with the temperature reaching 46 °C. The winter season is mild and temperature can fall lowest to 9 °C November to February. The rainy season lasts between mid-June and mid-October and it receives approximately 1000 mm of rainfall primarily from the southwest monsoons. [6]

Administrative setup

The 7 Tahasils in Gajapati district under one sub-divisions are listed in the following table.

7 Tahasils
# Paralakhemundi Sub-Division
1 Paralakhemundi
2 Gumma
3 Rayagada
4 Nuagada
5 Mohana
6 Kashinagar
7 R. Udayagiri

The 7 Blocks in Gajapati district under one sub-divisions are listed in the following table.

7 Blocks
# Paralakhemundi Sub-Division
1 Gosani
2 Gumma
3 Rayagada
4 Nuagada
5 Mohana
6 Kashinagar
7 R. Udayagiri

There are 11 Police Stations under the two Police Districts in Ganjam Administrative district are listed in the following table.

11 Police Stations
#

Gajapati Police District

1 Adava P.S.
2 Mohana P.S.
3 Ramagiri P.S.
4 R. Udayagiri P.S.
5 Serango P.S.
6 Kashinagar P.S.
7 Paralakhemundi P.S.
8Gurandi P.S.
9Garabandha P.S.
10 Rayagada P.S.
11Energy P.S. Paralakhemundi

Economy

In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Gajapati one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640). [7] It is one of the 19 districts in Odisha currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF). [7]

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1901184,840    
1911205,514+11.2%
1921198,842−3.2%
1931225,161+13.2%
1941252,613+12.2%
1951262,998+4.1%
1961285,069+8.4%
1971348,964+22.4%
1981402,271+15.3%
1991454,708+13.0%
2001518,837+14.1%
2011577,817+11.4%
2023803,166+39.0%
Source: Census of India [8]
Religions in Gajapati district (2011) [9]
ReligionPercent
Hinduism
61.12%
Christianity
37.98%
Other or not stated
0.90%

According to the 2023 census Gajapati district has a population of 803,166, [1] approximate equal to the nation of Bhutan [10] or the US state of North Dakota. [11] This gives it a ranking of 573rd in India (out of a total of 766). [1] The district has a population density of 133 inhabitants per square kilometre (340/sq mi). [1] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 10.99%. [1] Gajapati has a sex ratio of 1042 females for every 1000 males, [1] and a literacy rate of 54.29%. 12.23% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 6.78% and 54.29% of the population respectively. [1]

Language

Languages of Gajapati district (2011) [12]

   Odia (41.51%)
   Sora (34.49%)
   Telugu (15.53%)
   Kui (5.54%)
   Kuvi (1.25%)
  Others (1.68%)

At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 41.51% of the population in the district spoke Odia, 34.49% Sora, 15.53% Telugu, 5.54% Kui and 1.25% Kuvi as their first language. [12]

Culture

The mountain Mahendragiri, a segment of Eastern Ghats is situated in Paralakhemundi. Legend says that it is the place where lord Parashurama, a Chiranjeevi staying eternally and doing tapasya. Temples built by Pandavas are seen. Main festival here is Shivaratri, the worship of Shiva, the guru or percepter of lord Parashurama.

Education

Colleges

Schools

Politics

The district sends two representatives to state legislature, Odisha Vidhan Sabha. The following is the two Vidhan sabha constituencies [13] [14] of Gajapati district and the elected members [15] of those areas.

No.ConstituencyReservationExtent of the Assembly Constituency (Blocks)Member of Current Assembly Party
136 Mohana STMohana, R. Udayagiri, Nuagada, RayagadaDasarathi Gamango INC
137 Parlakhemundi NoneParlakhemundi (M), Kashinagar (NAC), Guma, Kashinagar, ParlakhemundiK. Narayan Rao BJP

The district is part of Berhampur (Lok Sabha constituency). The MP of Berhampur is Chandra Sekhar Sahu from the BJD.

Media

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Paralakhemundi</span> Place in Odisha, India

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Krushna Chandra Gajapati KCIE, also known as Captain Maharaja Sri Sri Sri Krushna Chandra Gajapati Narayana Deva KCIE, was a key personality and regarded as the architect, founding father of an Independent Odia Language speaking state Odisha. He was a scion of Paralakhemundi Estate and the owner of Delanga estate of Puri district of Odisha. His family belonged to the great Eastern Ganga Dynasty. He was the first Prime Minister of Orissa. The present-day Gajapati District of Odisha was named after him.

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padmasri Satyanarayana Rajguru (1903-1997) was an Indian litterateur, epigraphist and historian. He was a curator and epigraphist at the Odisha State Museum and was a recipient of Sahitya Akademi Award, Bharati Bhushan award, Ganjam Sahitya Sammilani award, Odisha Sahitya Academy Award and Sarala Sanman. The Government of India awarded him the fourth highest Indian civilian award of Padma Shri in 1974.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Paralakhemundi Estate</span>

Parlakhemundi estate was a Zamindari of Odisha in the British Raj period .Before odisha province formation it was under Madras Presidency.The state was ruled as an independent kingdom till 1769.The royal family belong to the Krishnatreya gotra Odia Kshatriya and traced their lineage to Eastern Ganga Dynasty.It was a zamindari estate lying in the southwestern portion of Ganjam district, covering an area of 615 square miles. It was bounded in the south by the district of Vizagpatnam and on the west by the Jeypore Estate and the tribal agencies of the Eastern Ghats.

References

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  6. "Parlakhemundi FD :: Odisha Wildlife Organisation". Welcome. Retrieved 2019-07-11.
  7. 1 2 Ministry of Panchayati Raj (September 8, 2009). "A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme" (PDF). National Institute of Rural Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 5, 2012. Retrieved September 27, 2011.
  8. Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
  9. "Table C-01 Population by Religious Community: Odisha". Census of India, 2023. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  10. US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Archived from the original on 2011-09-27. Retrieved 2011-10-01. Solomon Islands 571,890 July 2011 est.
  11. "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2011-01-01. Retrieved 2011-09-30. Vermont 563,626
  12. 1 2 "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Odisha". Census of India 2011. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  13. Assembly Constituencies and their EXtent
  14. Seats of Odisha
  15. "List of Member in Fourteenth Assembly". ws.ori.nic.in. Archived from the original on 2 May 2007. Retrieved 19 February 2013. MEMBER NAME