Chandel district

Last updated

Chandel district
Chandel district
District of Manipur
Chandel in Manipur (India).svg
Location in Manipur
Coordinates: 24°19′N93°59′E / 24.317°N 93.983°E / 24.317; 93.983
CountryFlag of India.svg  India
State Manipur
Headquarters Chandel
Area
 • Total2,100 km2 (800 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total85,072
 • Density40.51/km2 (104.9/sq mi)
Language(s)
 • Official Meitei (Manipuri) [1] [lower-alpha 1]
 • Regional Thadou language and Anāl language
Time zone UTC+5:30 (IST)
ISO 3166 code IN-MN-BI
Vehicle registration MN
Website chandel.nic.in

Chandel district is one of the 16 districts of Manipur state in northeastern India. Its headquarters is the town of Chandel. In December 2016, a part of the district was split to establish the new Tengnoupal district. [2] The district is mainly populated by Kuki-Zo and Naga tribal people.

Contents

History

2011 district map of Manipur; the Chandel district was divided into the present Chandel district and Tengnoupal district in 2016 MANIPUR district map.svg
2011 district map of Manipur; the Chandel district was divided into the present Chandel district and Tengnoupal district in 2016

In 1974, the Chandel district was formed under the name "Tengnoupal district". In 1983, the name was changed to Chandel district, as the district headquarters was located at Chandel. [3] In December 2016, the present-day Tengnoupal district was split from the Chandel district. [4] [5]

Economy

In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Chandel as one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640). [6] It was then one of the three districts in Manipur receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF). [6]

Demographics

Religions in Chandel district (2011) [7]
ReligionPercent
Christianity
 
93.20%
Hinduism
 
5.75%
Islam
 
0.66%
Other or not stated
 
0.39%
Historical population
YearPop.±%
1951 24,049—    
1961 27,679+15.1%
1971 38,723+39.9%
1981 56,444+45.8%
1991 71,014+25.8%
2001 118,327+66.6%
2011 144,182+21.9%
2011 Chandel district (includes the present Tengnoupal district)
Source: Census of India [8]

According to the 2011 census Chandel district has a population of 144,182. [9] This gives it a ranking of 602nd in India (out of a total of 640). [9] The district has a population density of 43 inhabitants per square kilometre (110/sq mi). [9] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 21.72%. [9] Chandel has a sex ratio of 932 females for every 1000 males, [9] and a literacy rate of 70.85%. [9] The tribal composition of the district in 2011 is as below:

Population [10] Percentage

of Total Pop.

All Scheduled Tribes128,28089.0%
Kuki-Zo tribes [lower-alpha 2] 59,91041.6%
Naga tribes [lower-alpha 3] 1,3981.0%
Old Kuki/Naga [lower-alpha 4] 65,91645.7%

Languages of Chandel district (2011) [12]

   Thadou (37.69%)
   Anal (30.26%)
   Zou (4.74%)
   Ao (2.77%)
   Maring (2.26%)
   Hindi (1.99%)
   Kom (1.93%)
  Others (18.36%)

After the separation of Tengnoupal district 2016, the residual district has a population of 85,072, which is entirely rural. it has a sex ratio of 921 females per 1000 males. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes made up 0.09% and 92.56% of the population respectively. [9]

Languages

The main languages in the district are Anal (an Old Kuki language) and Thadou (a New Kuki language). Other Old kuki languages spoken include Lamkang, Moyon, Monsang, Chothe, Tarao, Maring, Khoibu, etc.

At the time of the 2011 census, 37.69% of the population spoke Thadou, 30.26% Anal, 4.74% Zou, 2.77% Ao, 2.26% Maring, 1.99% Hindi and 1.93% Kom as their first language. 12.05% of the population spoke languages classified as 'Others' on the census because they had fewer than 10,000 speakers in the country. [12]

Flora and fauna

In 1989, the Chandel district (which then included the Tengnoupal district) became home to the Yangoupokpi-Lokchao Wildlife Sanctuary, which has an area of 185 km2 (71.4 sq mi). [13]

Autonomous district council

At the district level there is the Chandel Autonomous District Council.

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Meitei language (officially known as Manipuri language) is the official language of Manipur. Other regional languages of different places in Manipur may either be predominantly spoken or not in their respective places but "Meitei" is always officially used.
  2. ↑ The Kuki-Zo tribes include Gangte, Hmar, Paite, Simte, Sukte, Thadou, Vaiphei, Zou, and some smaller tribes designated as "Any Kuki" and "Any Lushai (Mizo)".
  3. ↑ The Naga tribes include Angami, Kabui, Kacha Naga, Mao, Maram, Poumai, Sema and Tangkhul.
  4. ↑ The Old Kuki tribes retaining the Kuki classification include: Aimol, Chiru, Kom, Koireng, Kharam, and Ralte. The tribes under the Naga umbrella include: Anal, Chothe, Koirao, Lamkang, Maring, Moyon, Monsang, Purum and Tarao. [11]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Churachandpur district</span> District in Manipur, India

Churachandpur District, is one of the 16 districts of the Indian state of Manipur populated mainly by Kuki-Zo people. The name honours former Maharaja Sir Churachand Singh of Manipur. The district headquarters is located in the Churachandpur town, which is also locally known by the name Lamka.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kuki people</span> Ethnic group in India, Bangladesh, and Myanmar

The Kuki people are an ethnic group in the Northeastern Indian states of Manipur, Nagaland, Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura and Mizoram, as well as the neighbouring countries of Bangladesh and Myanmar. The Kukis form one of the largest hill tribe communities in Northeast India, along with the adjoining regions of Bangladesh and Myanmar. In Northeast India, they are present in all states except Arunachal Pradesh. The Chin people of Myanmar and the Mizo people of Mizoram are kindred tribes of the Kukis. Collectively, they are termed the Zo people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bishnupur district</span> District of Manipur in India

Bishnupur district or Bishenpur district, is a district of Manipur state in northeastern India.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Imphal East district</span> District of Manipur in India

Imphal East district is one of the 16 districts of Manipur state in northeastern India. In 2011, it was the second most populous district in the state, after Imphal West. In 2016, the Jiribam subdivision, which was an exclave at the western periphery of the state, was separated as an independent district.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Senapati district</span> District of Manipur in India

Senapati, is one of the 16 districts of the Indian state of Manipur. The present Senapati district was formed in December 2016, after spawning off the Sadar Hills region in the south into a separate Kangpokpi district. The district headquarter is located in the municipality of Tahamzam.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tamenglong district</span> District of Manipur in India

Tamenglong district is one of the 16 districts of Manipur state in northeastern India. In 2011, Tamenglong was the least populous district in Manipur. In 2016, the Nungba subdivision was separated as a separate district.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thoubal district</span> District of Manipur in India

Thoubal district is one of the sixteen districts of Manipur state in northeastern India. This district is bounded by Senapati district on the north, Ukhrul and Chandel districts on the east, Churchandpur and Bishnupur districts on the south and Imphal West and Imphal East districts on the west. The district occupies an area of 324 km2. The population as of 2011 is 286,687. Thoubal town is the district headquarters. This district is known for Khongjom, where the last battle of the independence of Manipur was fought in April 1891 against the British army.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ukhrul district</span> District of Manipur in India

Ukhrul district is an administrative district of the state of Manipur in India with its headquarters at Ukhrul. The Ukhrul district has a long history dating back to the 1920s when it was created as the North-East Hill Sub-Division of the then princely state of Manipur. In 2016, the Kamjong subdivision of the Ukhrul district was spun out as a separate district, leading to the present configuration of the Ukhrul district.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Imphal West district</span> District of Manipur in India

Imphal West district is one of the sixteen districts of Manipur state in northeastern India. As of 2011, it is the most populous district in the state.

Moreh is a border town located on the India–Myanmar border in Tengnoupal district of the Indian state of Manipur. As a rapidly developing international trade point with the integrated customs and international immigration checkpoint, Moreh plays an important role in India's Look East Policy, trade and commerce under ASEAN–India Free Trade Area, India-Myanmar relationship, India–Myanmar–Thailand road connectivity, and Trans-Asian Railway connectivity.

The Kuki-Chin languages are a branch of 50 or so Sino-Tibetan languages spoken in northeastern India, western Myanmar and southeastern Bangladesh. Speakers of these languages are Mizo in Mizoram, Kuki people in Manipur, and Chin people in Myanmar.

The Kuki–Paite Conflict, also called Kuki–Zomi Conflict, was an ethnic conflict during 1997–1998 between tribal communities in Churachandpur district in Manipur, India. The cause of the conflict may be regarded as the desire for leadership within the tribes, pitting one group that subscribed to the Kuki label against another group that subscribed to the Zomi label, the latter being led by the Paites. The conflict started in June 1997 and lasted for over year, during which 352 people died, thousands of homes were destroyed and over 13,000 people were displaced. The Government of India sent in the Indian Army to attempt to stop the violence, but peace was restored in September–October 1998 only with the initiative of the Church.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aimol language</span> Sino-Tibetan language spoken in India

Aimol, also known as Aimual, is a Sino-Tibetan language spoken by the Aimol people of Manipur, India. It is considered endangered and has less than 9,000 speakers worldwide as per 2011 census. The speakers of this language use Meitei language as their second language (L2) according to the Ethnologue.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tarao language</span> Sino-Tibetan language

Tarao, Taraotrong or Tarau is an unclassified Tibeto-Burman language of India. It is marginally (70%) intelligible with Chothe. The speakers of this language use Meitei language as their second language (L2) according to the Ethnologue.

Lui Ngai Ni is the seed-sowing festival celebrated by the Naga tribes of Manipur India. The festival heralds the season of seed sowing and marks the start of the year for the Nagas and the festival was declared a state holiday since 1988.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tengnoupal district</span> District of Manipur in India

Tengnoupal district is a district in Manipur, India. It was created in December 2016 by splitting the Chandel district.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kamjong district</span> District of Manipur in India

Kamjong District is one of the 16 districts of Manipur, India. It was created in 2016 from the Ukhrul district, prior to which it was a subdivision of the latter.

Meitei language, the sole official language and the lingua franca of Manipur, one of the scheduled languages of India, one of the recognised educational and literary languages of Assam and Tripura states, has its speakers spread across entire India.

References

  1. ↑ "Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 47th report (July 2008 to June 2010)" (PDF). Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India. p. 78. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 May 2012. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
  2. ↑ Esha Roy (6 December 2016). "Simply put: Seven new districts that set Manipur ablaze". Indian Express. Retrieved 22 December 2022.
  3. ↑ "District Census Handbook: Chandel - Village and Town Directory" (PDF). Directorate of Census Operations, Manipur. 2011. Retrieved 22 December 2022.
  4. ↑ "7 new districts formed in Manipur amid opposition by Nagas" . Retrieved 1 July 2017.
  5. ↑ KanglaOnline (9 April 2013). "United Naga Council political tour in Chandel – KanglaOnline" . Retrieved 30 July 2023.
  6. 1 2 Ministry of Panchayati Raj (8 September 2009). "A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme" (PDF). National Institute of Rural Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 April 2012. Retrieved 27 September 2011.
  7. ↑ "Table C-01 Population by religious community: Manipur". Census of India . Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  8. ↑ "A-2 Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901". Censusindia.gov.in. Archived from the original on 1 July 2014.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "District Census Hand Book - Chandel" (PDF). Census of India . Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  10. ↑ A-11 Appendix: District wise scheduled tribe population (Appendix), Manipur - 2011, Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, Government of India, 2011
  11. ↑ Kom, Ch. Sekholal (June 2015). "Ethno-nationalism: Competing Micro-nationalist Dissents in Manipur". Social Change. 45 (2): 289–307. doi:10.1177/0049085715574192. ISSN   0049-0857.
  12. 1 2 "Table C-16 Population by mother tongue: Manipur". Census of India . Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  13. ↑ Indian Ministry of Forests and Environment. "Protected areas: Manipur". Archived from the original on 9 October 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2011.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.