History
Bhadrak District, located in the Indian state of Odisha, holds a historical legacy dating back to the era of the Puranas, a period marked by maritime and agricultural prosperity in the region.
In the annals of Bhadrak's history, King Mukunda Dev stands as the final indigenous sovereign ruler of the region. However, after the year 1575, following the defeat of the Afghans by Raja Man Singh during the Mughal period, Bhadrak District underwent a transformation. It transitioned into a Subha and subsequently fell under the governance of the Nawabs of Bengal as the Mughals exerted their influence over the political landscape of Bhadrak.
Over time, Bhadrak District came under Maratha rule until the British Empire extended its dominion across the entirety of Odisha. This historical progression underscores the diverse and complex tapestry of Bhadrak's past, characterized by shifts in governance and significant events that left lasting imprints on the region's identity and heritage. [3]
The city is known for being the place of the second Jallianawala Bagh of India. [4] On September 28 1942, [4] DSP Kunjabihari Mohanty ordered police to fire at protesters. [5] At least 29 people, including Pari Bewa, were shot dead by British police in the Iram disctrict of Bhadrak. [4] Bewa is known as a martyr of Odisha. [4]
Bhadrak District boasts a wealth of historical sites and monuments. Among these, Palia stands out as the renowned location of the Biranchi Narayan Temple, [6] while the Sri Radha Madanmohan Temple ranks as one of the district's most frequented religious sites. [7] Notably, Aradi, situated just 10 kilometers from Chandabali, is celebrated for its Akhandalamani Temple.
On 1 April 1993, the Bhadrak District was established as an independent administrative entity, having been carved out from the Balasore District. This significant administrative change marked the district's emergence as a distinct and separate region within the state of Odisha, India. [3]
Transport
Bhadrak railway station is the biggest railway station of Bhadrak district and serves Bhadrak city. An important upcoming town in Bhadrak district is Dhamara, which is upcoming newly built mega-port of the district. New railway line from Bhadrak to Dhamra is constructed. Dhamra Airport is proposed to be built by the Dhamra Port Company Limited, 20 km from Dhamra Port [10]
Also Chennai- Kolkata NH-16, State Highway 35, 53 and 57 pass through Bhadrak district, and also connect with NH-316A with Dhamara.
Demographics
Historical population| Year | | |
|---|
| 1901 | 461,056 | — |
|---|
| 1911 | 454,658 | −0.14% |
|---|
| 1921 | 422,890 | −0.72% |
|---|
| 1931 | 428,337 | +0.13% |
|---|
| 1941 | 448,387 | +0.46% |
|---|
| 1951 | 447,270 | −0.02% |
|---|
| 1961 | 576,842 | +2.58% |
|---|
| 1971 | 739,274 | +2.51% |
|---|
| 1981 | 895,081 | +1.93% |
|---|
| 1991 | 1,105,834 | +2.14% |
|---|
| 2001 | 1,333,749 | +1.89% |
|---|
| 2011 | 1,506,337 | +1.22% |
|---|
| Source: Census of India [11] |
Religion in Bhadrak district (2011) [12] | Religion | | Percent |
|---|
| Hinduism | | 92.84% |
| Islam | | 6.92% |
| Other or not stated | | 0.24% |
According to the 2011 census Bhadrak district has a population of 1,506,337, [13] roughly equal to the nation of Gabon [14] or the US state of Hawaii. [15] This gives it a ranking of 332nd in India (out of a total of 640). [13] The district has a population density of 601 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,560/sq mi) . [13] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 12.95%. [13] Bhadrak has a sex ratio of 981 females for every 1000 males, [13] and a literacy rate of 83.25%. 12.34% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 22.23% and 2.02% of the population respectively. [13]
Languages of Bhadrak district (2011)
[16] - Odia (90.6%)
- Urdu (6.61%)
- Bengali (1.46%)
- Others (1.37%)
At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 90.56% of the population in the district spoke Odia, 6.61% Urdu, 1.46% Bengali and 0.47% Santali as their first language. [16]
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