From Top-Left: Statue of cyclone at Paradeep Beach, Aerial View of Paradeep Port, Sunset at Paradeep Beach, Paradeep Beach, Ship at Paradeep Port, Maa Sarala Temple
Jagatsinghpur District is one of the thirty districts of Odisha in the eastern coast of India. It became a new district on 1 April 1993 being separated from Cuttack district with its own headquarter in Jagatsinghpur town. Deltaic and partly littoral; the district of Jagatsinghpur is triangular in shape and small in geographical proportions. It is the smallest district in the state and covers a landmass of 1759km2. It has a history of its own dating back to the 6th century AD, having contemporaneity with the Prachi valley civilization. Its archaeological remains, navigation network, inland and overseas trade, fabric manufacturing & designing, religious tolerance and epoch-making glorious role in freedom struggle; have a savor of distinctiveness.
The places is predominately recognized due to its existence situating to the close proximity of River Mahanadi and Bay of Bengal heralded many eventual episodes and memorable heritage on the anneals of mankind.
History
Jagatsinghpur, being on the Odisha Coastal Plain, has much of the same history as the rest of Coastal Odisha. It was briefly ruled by the Mauryas: several coins from Mauryan period have been found in the district. Afterwards it formed part of the Chedi kingdom of Kharavela. Although Samudragupta conquered the territory during his extensive conquest, no evidence suggests the later Guptas controlled Jagatsinghpur directly. However Gupta support to Buddhist monasteries in the region has been recorded.[2]
The history of Jagatsinghpur comprises the conglomeration of Hindu, Muslim, Maratha and British realms. The East India Company established their arsenals at Hariharpur in 1600. Understanding of the origin of the name of Jagatsinghpur and its nomenclature mostly depends upon the legends. Legend says the name of Jagatsinghpur (formerly Hariharpur) has come into existence as a revenue village, either in Mughal or Maratha rule after the name of Jagatsingh, the son of Bhagat Singh, an Amildar in Cuttack-Puri Sarkar or Cuttack Chakada since 1786. Bhagat Singh worked as an Amildar either in Mughal or Maratha rule. The Maratha administration kept the place under their jurisdiction and appointed Jagat Singh in 1748 to collect revenue. He collected the Peshkush and Nazrana and remained an unchallenged and uninterrupted administrator for a pretty long period.[3]
As per the report of S.L. Maddo, the Settlement Officer, there was a tradition to name some villages after Amildars of that area. Jagatsinghpur had already become a revenue village before 1877 as per the revenue map of Jagatsinghpur village in 1877–78 Settlement. The said legend is partially tenable because of the total that the administrative unit Amil was introduced by Mughal rule which 4 continued during the Maratha rule also. Prior to Maratha rule the name Jagatsinghpur as a village did not exist. The British navigator Bruton who visited this place in 1633 did not mention Jagatsinghpur in his report. The very same place according to him was Hariharapur, a prosperous village. Hariharpur was an important village before the first half of the seventeenth century and it was declared as a Pragana under Cuttack Chakada during Maratha rule. The then Jagatsinghpur revenue village was not so important to be declared as Pragana or Thana till 1817.[3]
During the Paika Vidroha (Rebellion of Paikas) in 1817, Hariharpur was a Thana. The then Jagatsinghpur became more prominent than Hariharpur for which the British administration renamed Hariharpur Thana as Jagatsinghpur Thana. During Maratha rule both Lala Kruparam Roy, Bada Dewan (Senior Dewan) and Lala Haribansa Roy, Sana Dewan (Junior Dewan) were inhabitants of village Lalasahi Jagatsinghpur and by exercising their power and position they reaffirmed their native village as Jagatsinghpur. Jagatsinghpur established its importance after it became a Thana and then the British rule declared Jagatsinghpur as a Sub-division in 1866 but the status of Sub-division was withdrawn in 1874 on account of low revenue collection. After independence, Jagatsinghpur was once more declared as a Revenue Sub-Division in 1967 and subsequently Jagatsinghpur Sub-Division was declared as an independent revenue district in April 1993 by the State Government.[3]
Consequent to the bifurcation of old Cuttack District into four new districts, the Jagatsinghpur District was created on 1 April 1993. The new district was inaugurated by the then Chief Minister Biju Patnaik in an auspicious ceremony. The foundation stone to the District Collectorate was laid in November 1995 by the then Deputy Chief Minister Basant Kumar Biswal and it was inaugurated in November 1997.[3]
Independence movement
The district had a large contribution to the freedom struggle of the country. It was Gopabandhu Das, the chief animating force, making Congress activities popular in Odisha. From the beginning of his career, he had associated himself with different sessions of the Congress. In 1920, after the special session of the Congress at Kolkata, Gopabandhu decided to carry on Congress programme in Odisha launched by Mahatma Gandhi. The Utkal Provincial Congress Committee was constituted early in 1921 and Gopabandhu became its first president. The arrival of Mahatma Gandhi in Cuttack on 23 March 1921 galvanized the Non-cooperation movement. It was Gopabandhu who translated the speeches of Gandhi which prompted the people to join the Non-cooperation movement. Under his leadership, by 30 June 1921, the Utkal Pradesh Congress Committee collected Rs.21000/- for Tilak Swaraj fund and enrolled 39000 Congress members. To carry out Congress programmes and to train workers and volunteers, Alaka Ashram was established in the district in the year 1922. To establish this Ashram, Gopabandhu Chaudhury, Bhagirathi Mahapatra and Pranakrushna Padhiary acted as the chief mobilizing force. It also became the meeting place of young volunteers (Banarsena) and published a weekly „Utkalika‟ edited by Sarala Devi, spreading Congress ideas like boycott of foreign cloth, law court and government institutions etc. The district had its contribution to the Civil Disobedience movement. Gandhiji had started this movement by breaking the salt law on 6 April 1930.[3]
The Salt Satyagraha was a powerful movement in Coastal Odisha. The first batch of Satyagraha, led by Gopabandhu Chaudhury and Acharya Harihar, started for Inchudi from Swaraj Ashram at Cuttack. Kujanga was another important centre of salt Satyagraha. Rama Devi, Malati Devi, Sarala Devi, Rani Bhagyabati Patamahadei and hundreds of women volunteers joined the movement and violated the salt law. The centres of salt Satyagraha in the district were Chatua, Kaliapata, Paradeep, Erasama and Daradia. Apart from the organisation of salt Satyagraha, marches, boycott of foreign cloth, propagation of Khadi, picketing before excise shops and other constructive programmes formed part of the civil disobedience movement. This movement was withdrawn in May 1934. Sarala Devi was the first woman freedom fighter and satyagrahi from Jagatsinghpur in the freedom struggle. On 8 August 1942, the All India Congress Committee in its meeting at Bombay passed the Quit India resolution and gave a call for mass struggle to achieve freedom. Centres of Congress movement like Swaraj Ashram at Cuttack, Bari Ashram at Binjharpur, Alaka Ashram at Jagatsinghpur, Kendupatana Spinning Centre, etc. were declared unlawful. Prominent Congress leaders were taken into custody by 10 August 1942. The Quit India programmes included attack on post offices, police stations, tahasil offices and such other public offices to paralyze the administration and force the British to quit India. Such incidents occurred in the wake of the movements at various places such as Tirtol, Erasama and Jagatsinghpur. It became a forceful movement to make India free. Notable freedom fighter of the district Surendra Nath Dwibedi came to lime light by taking part in the Quit India movement. After years of struggle, finally the country became independent and the district moved forward in the path of modernization and development.[3]
Archaeological Importance
The District Jagatsinghpur, earlier a part of the Cuttack District is rich in archaeological remains. Coins, inscriptions, images and monuments are main historical antiquities known in the district. Silver, punch marked coins have been reported from the district of Cuttack, Puri, Mayurbhanj, Bolangir and Ganjam. A trove comprising 379 silver punch marked coins was discovered from a hillock at Salipur police station and they belong to Maurya period. In 1931–32, imitations of Kushan coins also known as Puri Kushan coins were discovered from undivided Cuttack district. Odisha was not directly ruled by Guptas although a few gold coins of Guptas were found from the state. In the district of Cuttack, an archer type gold coins of Chandragupta-II, was discovered from Lalitgiri. It has the standing figure of the king as an archer, Garuda standard on the obverse and Goddess Laxmi on the reverse. Gold coins weighing 5 to 7 grains, called Ganga fanams have been discovered from Danduasinghpur under Jagatsinghpur police station. These fanams are attributed to the rulers of the Eastern Ganga dynasty. The various symbols on the obverse include a crouching bull, sankha, chakra etc. while on the reverse ankush, kuthara and some numerals.[3]
The religious belief and rituals of the people find expression in the archaeological monuments of the district which includes temples and images of various pantheons. The temples generally follow the Kalingan temple style in having a curvilinear superstructure for the sanctuary and pidha deula, for the frontal porch. The Lingaraj Mahadeva temple near Balia, on the bank of Biluakhai river, is an important specimen of the early series of the temples and can be assigned to the 8th to 9th centuries. The small Rekha temple is Triratha in plan and has Mahisamardini as one of the Parsvadevatas. The Singhnath Siva temple in an islet of the Mahanadi at Singhnath is the most important Siva temple of the 9th century A.D. The Amangai temple in another island of the Mahanadi near Kandarpur is now in ruins. Its pyramidal Jagmohan seems to be a later addition, but the Deula, pancharatha in plan, is a developed specimen of the Kalingan style. Sathalpur in Jagatsighpur sub-division had a temple for Saptamatruka and the images still exist there. Buddhist images of the district hail from Tarapur and Paradeep garh. The image of Lokeswar at Paradeepgarh, worshipped as Bisnu-Lokanath, is a unique temple of Gajaprustha style.[3]
The department of State Archaeology was set up in 1965. Dr. Nabin Kumar Sahu, an eminent historian had made an initial attempt to make a survey of many important archaeological sites in the district and later Sri P.K. Ray, Superintendent, State Museum had identified 19 old monuments which are still maintained by the State Government. With the grant made available from the 10th and 11th Financial Commission, Sri B.K. Rath, Superintendent, State Archives in his recent survey (2005–2006) has found out a number of monuments in the blocks of Kujang, Balikuda, Naugaon, Tirtol, Jagatsinghpur, Raghunathpur and Biridi which belong to the 7 th century and post 7th century AD. This indicates that a civilization had flourished in this track around 4th and 5th century AD along with the Prachy Civilization on the southern side of the river Devi. Though there has been no excavation so far in this district, old sculptures and archaeological remains are available in plenty in the Lingaraj Temple, Balia; Kundeshwara and Sathalapur, Kosthi, Dhanisho, Kantara, Nasik, Paradeep Garh, Somanatha temple of Chatra, Tirthamatha of Tanra and Nandigram of Naugaon.[3]
Sculptural depictions of Jain Tirthankaras, particularly of Rishabhnath and Parshwanath are found in Nasik (in the temple premises of Khandeswar), Manapur-Gadama (in Raghunathpur Block), Nuadhana in Biridi Block, Sahada (in the temple of Suvarneswara) and in Sujang in the temple of Dhabaleswara. All Tirthankara images found in Jagatsinghpur district are in Kayotsarga Mudra and they probably belong to the 9th −10th century AD. Though no Buddhist Chaitya, Stupa or Vihara have been discovered in this district, a plenty of Buddhist archaeological remains have been traced by various scholars over ages. Dr. Nabin Kumar Sahoo and Professor Donaldson have made an extensive study on the Buddhist images found in Tarapur, Balia, Kamalapur, Baredia, Nasik, Kalyanpur, Dihasahi, Kundeshwar, Kaduapada, Tanra, Paradeep Garh, Mudupur and Marichipur. The four stone sculptures preserved in a newly built temple in Tarapur have been identified as the Buddha in Bhumisparsha mudra, the eight-armed Marichi, Manjubara Manjushree and the last image is goddess Prajna Paramita. In the Bhagavati temple of Balia we find Tara's image. In Kamalapur village there is a five-headed Oddiyana Marichi, cutely standing on a chariot drawn by seven swines. In Kaduapada village we also find another Marichi image. She is eight-armed and is being driven on a chariot by seven swines. In Paradeep Garh we find two temples. In the Pareshwara temple in the northern niche there is Avalokiteshwara Padmapani. The Lokeswara Temple in Paradeep Garh has drawn the attention of many scholars. The sanctum sanctorum has been built following the Buddhist temple architectural plan. It is Gajaprustha as it resembles the back and rear portion of an elephant. This architectural representation is unique in India. The Lokeswara image enshrined in the sanctum sanctorum is four-armed. Buddhist Lokeswara holding a string of beads, a water pitcher and a stump of lotus and the fourth hand showering blessings. Probably this temple belongs to the 8th −9 th century AD. The above narration is merely a brief introduction to the Hindu, Jain and Buddhist monuments in the district of Jagatsinghpur. A panoramic picture is available in the 1st volume of "Jagatsinghpur: Atita O’ Barttamana", compiled by Dr. Bholanath Rout (2006).[3]
Geography
Jagatsinghpur is situated on an elevation of 15 meters (49 feet). It is the smallest district in the state and covers a landmass of 1759km2. The place lies between 8603' to 86045' East Longitude and between 19058' to 20023' North latitude. It is predominantly recognized due to its triangular geographical propinquity with the Prachi valley in the south and that of Chitrotpala in the north and is surrounded by the districts of Kendrapara in north, Cuttack in west, Puri in south and Bay of Bengal in East. It enjoys a temperate climate. Winter is cold, while summer is hot and humid. Four major rivers of Odisha irrigate the mainland of Jagatsinghpur. These are the Mahanadi, Kathajodi, Devi and Biluakhai. The district is prone to cyclonic rainfalls during the monsoons. The cyclone of 1999 caused maximum damage in this district. Mahanadi is the longest river in Jagatsinghpur and Alaka, Biluakhai, Hansua, Devi and Paika are among the major rivers which pass through the district. Two main canals are Taladanda & Machhagaon which are chief sources of flow irrigation. Taladanda canal (ତାଳଦଣ୍ଡା କେନାଲ୍) is the longest and largest canal in Odisha. Dug up by the British in 1869, it ran parallel alongside Mahanadi river in Cuttack and dropped in the bay of Bengal in Paradeep. The 85km long canal was the lifeline of all the adjoining areas like Jagatsinghpur, Chandbali, Jatni and helped the farmers of these areas immensely. The work of the canal was started by Sir Thomas Edward Ravenshaw, then commissioner of Cuttack, the founder of Ravenshaw College and the most loved Britisher in Odisha.
Divisions
This district was subdivided into 8 Tehsils, they are Jagatsinghpur, Kujang, Tirtol, Balikuda, Biridi, Naugaon, Ersama and Raghunathpur. The last four are new tehsils created in 2008 and it is also divided into 8 blocks, 8 Tahasils, 1,321 Revenue Villages, 76 R.I. Circles, 194 Gram Panchayats, 1320 villages, 13 Police stations and two Municipalities functioning in the District.[4]
According to the 2011 census Jagatsinghpur district has a population of 1,136,971,[1] roughly equal to the nation of Cyprus[7] or the US state of Rhode Island.[8] This gives it a ranking of 410th in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of 682 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,770/sqmi). Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was only 7.5%. Jagatsinghapur has a sex ratio of 968 females for every 1000 males, and an average literacy of 86.59%: 92.38 percent male literacy and 80.6 percent female literacy.[1] 10.20% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 21.83% and 0.69% of the population respectively.[1]
Jagatsinghpur is also known for the Sarala Temple and is known as the cultural heart of Odisha.[citation needed]Sarala Das was a 15th-century poet and scholar of Odia literature, best known for three Odia books — Mahabharata, Vilanka Ramayana and Chandi Purana was born at Kanakavati Patana, known as Kanakapura, one of the Sidhikshetras in Jagatsinghpur district. As an originator of Odia literature, his work has formed an enduring source of information for succeeding generations. The district also has theatre groups which keep the old tradition of live acting before a crowd. The groups have become the part of mainstream entertainment for people all over Odisha. Parbati Gannatya, Benirampur opera, Gouri Gananatya, Tulasi Gananatya, Durgashree Gananatya, Tarapur Opera and Trinath Gananatya are some of the local theatre groups of Jagatsinghpur district attuned the opera culture.[citation needed]
The Kalinga Baliyatra, the Boitabandan utsav at Paradeep and Chelitola awaken our glorious maritime invincibility of the remote past. Dasahera, Ganesh Puja, Makar Mela, Zilla Mahotsav, Book fair, buttressed the cultural memory that is inherent in our local and Folk culture
Climate and rainfall
The climate is hot in summer and high humidity almost round the year and good annual rainfall is the main feature of this district.[citation needed] The average annual rainfall of the district is about 1514.6mm. The maximum and minimum temperature is 38 degree C and 12 degree C respectively. About 80–83% of the annual rainfall occurs during the monsoon period. The average rainy days are about 72 in the district. The rainfall is largely due to southwest monsoon. The district's rainfall is mainly erratic, uneven and long dry spell causes agricultural drought. The monthly relative humidity in the district varies from 62% in April–May to 83% in August. The RH reaches as high as 93% and often above 80% in monsoon period.[citation needed]
Economy
The economy of the Jagatsinghpur district is dependent on agriculture, the main occupation of bulk of the population. 70 percent of the total population depends upon agriculture and agro–based productions. The key crops of the district are paddy, sugarcane, turmeric, cotton and jute. Processing, manufacturing, repairing and fisheries industries also contribute towards the economic development. Jagatsinghpur is a leading district of the state in terms of industrialization. It is having 120 secondary industries, 5 cottage industries, 603 nos. of Handloom industries, 9 large / medium scale industries and a few in the process of installation in the district. Paradip, a modern deep water port, was built here in the 1960s and has now become a hot business destination due to the large foreign direct investment. The port town of the district has already emerged as one of the country's major investment hot spot by attracting investment in excess of the tune of 3.5 lakhs crores (US$68.84 billion) including the Rs 2,74,134 crore Petroleum Chemicals and Petrochemical Investment Region (PCPIR) which has spread over 284 square kilometres (110sqmi) in the area.[10]IOC has already installed a 15 million tonnes per year refinery cum petrochemical complex at Paradip. Indian Railways has also taken up the Paradeep-Haridaspur 82km broad gauge line to boost the infrastructure in the region. Up-gradation of NH-5(A) is also going on in a very fast rate. A new all green field road will also be built from Bhubaneswar to Paradip.[11]
Economically it is a self sufficient state gearing economic evolution of the nation. For the year 2017–18, a total of Rs. 38720.87 lakhs is proposed for the district under central plan, centrally sponsored plan and State plan. 62% of the plan outlays may come from State budget which includes State Plan and State Share of CSP including flagship programs like RKVY, MGNREGS, GGY, IAY etc. and the remaining, 38% will be available as Central Share [CS] of CSP and Central Plan [CP].[12]
Education
The district has a total number of 1456 primary schools, 661 Upper primary schools and 324 Secondary schools. In addition to these the district has 35 Junior colleges and 18 Degree colleges. The prominent among them is the SVM Autonomous College. This was established in the year 1963. It offers undergraduate courses in Arts, Science and Commerce and undergraduate Self Financial Courses such as BBA & BCA.[13] Other notable educational institutes of the District are S.K.Academy School, Adikabi Sarala Das Mahavidyalaya, Tirtol, Sidha Baranga Junior College of Education and Technology, Punanga, Tulasi GadiBramha Women's College, Kaduapada, Biju Patnaik (Junior) College Ashrampatna, Paradeep College Paradeep, Government Polytechnic, Balikuda College, Alaka Mahabidyalaya, Swagatika College of Science and Education Jagatsinghpur.
Health
The district has one district headquarter hospital, 17 homeopathic hospitals, 9 Community Health Centers, 37 P.H.Cs, and 12 Ayurveda Dispensaries. There are 268 beds in all 20 hospitals and 8 ICDS project is operating in the district. As per the Odisha Human Development Report 2004, Jagatsinghpur occupied 19th rank in Human Development Index, 3rd rank in Infrastructural Development Index(2000–2001) and 4th rank in development of health infrastructure during 1999–2000.[citation needed]
Animal husbandry
The district has 12 Veterinary Dispensaries and 92 Live Stock Aid Centers and 102 Artificial Insemination Centers in the district.[citation needed] Over the years the milk production of the district increased reasonably up to 101 thousand MT, where egg and meat production 35.77 lakhs, 2808.38 MT respectively.[citation needed]
Financial Institutions
The district has 19 nationalized banks and 7 private banks having 88 branches out of which 42 branches are operating in rural areas and 46 operating in semi-urban areas. Besides these banks, 12 Cooperative Bank and CARD bank branches are operating in the district.[citation needed]
Sarala Pitha (Jhankad): Jhankad is the sanctum sanctorum of Goddess Sarala, regarded as one of the most spiritually elevated expressions of Shaktism. Believed as a synthesis of divine figure of Durga and Saraswati, the culture of Sarala is an amalgamation of three principal Hindu cults namely Vedic, Tantrik and Vaishnavite. It is one of the eight most famous Shakta shrines of Odisha.[citation needed] It is also associated with the first epic poet of Odisha, Adikabi Sarala Dasa of the 15th century AD.
Gorakhnath Temple: Gorakhnath Temple is one of several Lord Shiva Shrines in Odisha.
Paradip Port: It is a major sea port of India for trade activities. The sea, beach, marine drive, creeks, estuaries and forests of estuarine islands of the river Mahanadi, make the place a tourist attraction.[citation needed]
Sri Sidha Khaiphuta Bata Mahapurusha Pitha: It is Located 10 km from tirtol at Village Derakana
Gada Kujanga: Known for its presiding deity Kunja Behari, Garh Kujanga is also known as Subhadra Kshetra, The Raghunath Jew Matha located near the temple of Kunja Behari is an added attraction of this place.
Chandapur: At the end of the Village Mahilo in a typical rural atmosphere, the temple complex of Lord Raghunath Jew and Lord Chandrasekhar stands around 30 years back. One can find a rare combination of Sri Ram known as Raghunath Jew and Lord Siva known as Chandrasekhar in a single compound.
Jagatsinghpur: Alaka Ashram, better known as the Shabarmati of Odisha is located here. Temples, beaches and sculptures of historic importance are the major drivers behind tourist influx to Jagatsinghpur.
The Somanath temple has a Shiva Shrine. The Shiva Linga was placed by Sri Muchukunda Swami and hence the image is popularly called as Muchukunda Somanath.
Salajanga Ashram, which is nearly 7km from Naugaon hat.
Siali beach is about 20km from Balikuda block is the most attracting beach of Jagatsinghpur district.[citation needed] It is a common picnic spot.[16]
Tulasi Gadi Ashram temple which is at Dhiasahi, approx 6km from Jagatsinghpur towards Balikuda is another place of attraction for public or family parties.[citation needed]
Jagannath temple in Ambasal (approximately 2km from Balikuda Block) is considered as one of the oldest temples.
Kunja Bihari Temple in Sadeipur which is about 9km from Jagatsinghpur.
Sidha Baranga Pitha is located at Punanga, just 2km from Jagatsinghpur town. It is a temple of Lord Jagannath and Lord Hanuman.
Astasanmbhu Siva Temple is located at Hajipur village.
Dhyankud Jagannath Temple is located at Hajipur village. On the bank of Biluakhai River.
Mahabeer pitha is located at Nuagan, Balitutha. Near jatadhar Muhan.
Dhalatangada forest division is located near Chhapada railway station. There are deer, rabbits, and other animals here.[citation needed]
Bandara is a place where Devi river meets Bay of Bengal & Bandarei temple near the river coast.
Siddheswor temple Bachhalo which is nearly 4km from Naugaon,
Cuttack, is the former capital and the 2nd largest city in the Indian state of Odisha. It is the headquarters of the Cuttack district. The name of the city is an anglicised form of the Odia and Sanskrit name Kataka, which literally means The Fort, a reference to the ancient Barabati Fort around which the city initially developed. Cuttack is known as the Millennium City as well as the Silver City due to its history of 1000 years and famous silver filigree works. The Orissa High Court is located there, and the city is the judiciary capital of Odisha. It is one of the commercial hubs of Odisha, which hosts many trading and business houses in and around the city. Cuttack is famous for its Durga Puja, which is one of the most important festivals of Odisha. Being the favourite destination of poets and artists, it is also a cultural hub of Odisha. Due to its beauty, the term Kataka Nagara Dhabala Tagara is coined for it. The city is categorised as a Tier II city as per the ranking system used by the Government of India.
Paradeep, also spelled Paradip, is a major industrial seaport town and municipality, nearly 80 km from Cuttack city, in Jagatsinghpur district of Odisha, India. Paradeep was constituted as an NAC on 27 September 1979 and converted into a municipality on 12 December 2002. The nearest commercial airport is Biju Patnaik International Airport.
Cuttack district is one of the 30 districts of Odisha state in India. It is located in the coastal part of the state and its administrative headquarters are located in the city of Cuttack. As of 2011 Census, after Ganjam, it is the second most populous district of Odisha, with a population of 2,624,470. The name is an anglicized form of Kataka or Katak meaning Fort – referring to the Barabati Fort. The district is bisected by the river Mahanadi and its numerous distributaries and occupies a large portion of the river's delta. It is bounded by the Angul, Dhenkanal, Nayagarh and Khurda districts to the west while its southern and eastern boundaries touch Puri, Jagatsinghpur, Kendrapara and Jajpur districts.
Kendrapara District is an administrative district of Odisha state in eastern India. The town of Kendrapara is the district headquarters. Kendrapara District is situated in the eastern portion of the state, and is bounded on the north by Bhadrak district, on the east by the Bay of Bengal, on the south by Jagatsinghpur District, on the west by Cuttack District on the northwest by Jajpur District.
Kendrapara is a Town and a municipality in the Kendrapara district of the Indian state of Odisha. It is the headquarters of Kendrapara district.
Pratibha Ray is an Indian academic and writer of Odia-language novels and stories. For her contribution to the Indian literature, Ray received the Jnanpith Award in 2011. She was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 2022.
Jagatsinghpur is a town and a municipality in Jagatsinghpur district in the Indian state of Odisha. It is also the headquarters of Jagatsinghpur district. It got the recognition as a new district on 1 April 1993 formerly it was a sub-division of Cuttack district. Paradip Port, Oil refinery and fertiliser factory are located in Jagatsinghpur district. Devi, Alaka, Biluakhai, Kusumi, Hansua, Kuanria and Lunijhara rivers belong to this district.
The Maa Sarala Temple is a Hindu temple in the district of Jagatsinghpur, Odisha, India. It is one of the eight most famous Shakta shrines of Odisha.
Bāli Jātrā, pronounced[balidʒat̪ɾa], is the major Boita Bandana festival held at Cuttack on Kartik Purnima and lasts for 7 days or more, i.e. usually until Prathamastami. It is considered to be one of Asia's largest open trade fair. The festival is held in Odisha, in the city of Cuttack at Gadagadia Ghata of the Mahanadi river, to mark the day when ancient Sadhabas would set sail to distant lands of Bali, as well as Java, Sumatra, Borneo, and Sri Lanka for trade and cultural expansion. To commemorate this, the festival is celebrated every year from the day of Kartika Purnima to Prathamastami according to the Odia calendar.
Sarala Devi was an Indian independence activist, feminist, social activist, politician and writer. She was the first Odia woman to join the Non-cooperation movement in 1921 and the first Odia woman delegate of the Indian National Congress. She became the first woman to be elected to the Odisha Legislative Assembly on 1 April 1936.
The Devi River is one of the principal distributaries of the Mahanadi River. It flows through Jagatsinghpur district and Puri district across Odisha state in India and joins the Bay of Bengal.
Olash is a coastal village in Jagatsinghpur district of Odisha, India. It is a village having a population of about 1000 people, and is located about 30 km from the district town of Jagatsinghpur on the Cuttack–Naharana road, about 5 km from the Bay of Bengal to the east. The village is known for paddy and Chilly cultivation.
Pankapal is a moderate size village in the district of Jagatsinghpur of Odisha State, India. The history of the village can be traced back to the 18th century when two brothers from the Puri region migrated and settled down in the present-day Pankapal. The village falls by the side of the Cuttack-Paradeep state highway 12 that branches out from OMP square at Cuttack to Pradeep and the near Mahanadi river. The village is about 60 km from Cuttack and 30 km from Paradeep. It is situated at 20.30N, 86.44E. The pincode of Pankapal is 754140.
Kathajodi River is an arm of the Mahanadi River in Odisha, India. It branches off at Naraj, then immediately is bifurcated. The southern branch, known as Kuakhai, which means Crow's pool, and flows into the Puri district. Its mouth is closed by a bar, so that little water flows into it except at flood times.
Ramadevi Choudhury, also known as Rama Devi, was an Indian freedom fighter and a social reformer. She was called Maa (Mother) by the people of Odisha. The Ramadevi Women's University in Bhubaneswar has been named after her.
Karilopatna (Karilo patna, Karilo patana, is a village near Patkura in Kendrapara district in the Indian state of Odisha.
Kujang is a large village in Odisha, India. It is known as the gateway to the Paradip industrial area. The literacy rate of Kujang is around 90.48%, which is above the national average of 74.04%. Correspondingly, the "Bana Bihari High School", a prominent local school which was founded in 1901, is located in Kujang.
Sunadhar is a coastal village situated near the bank of the Devi River in the Jagatsinghpur district of Odisha, India. It is a part of the Gandakula region, which is divided into two villages, Bairakha and Sunadhar.
Gopabandhu Choudhuri was an Indian activist, social worker and freedom fighter. He participated in the Non-cooperation Movement, Civil Disobedience movement.
Mukura was a 20th century Odia magazine. It was founded by Brajasundar Das in 1906 in Cuttack, Odisha and was published for about 25 years, with its last issue in 1930. Brajasundar Das was the editor of this magazine. It cost Rs. 2 at the time.
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