Hinduism in Odisha

Last updated

Odia Hindu
ଓଡିଆ ହିନ୍ଦୁ
Om symbol.svg
The Specific Angel of Lingaraj Temple, Bhubaneswar.jpg
Lingaraja Temple built by the Somavanshi king Jajati Keshari.
Total population
39,300,341 (2011) [1]
93.63%Decrease2.svg
Religions
Sanatan (Hinduism)
Scriptures
Bhagavad Gita and Vedas
(other scripture and literature includes Gita Govinda, Ramayana, and others )
Languages
Odia
Related ethnic groups
Odia Christians and Odia Muslims

Hinduism is a majority religion in Odisha, which is followed by nearly 93.6% of the total population of the state. [2] Odisha has a very rich cultural heritage of Hinduism and the state has second highest percentage of Hindus, after Himachal Pradesh. [3] The state is home for the tribal culture and historical Hindu temple, the notable includes the Jagannath Temple in Puri and Lingaraja Temple. [4] Ratha Yatra of Puri is one of the biggest Hindu pilgrimage in India. [5] The state has also many Historical sites. [6]

Contents

Demographics

Majority of population of Odisha follows Hinduism, which is about 93.6% of the total population. Many of the tribal people follows their traditional tribal religions.

Hindus decadal population

Hindu population in Odisha (decades wise)
YearPop.±%
196117,123,193    
197121,121,056+23.3%
198125,161,725+19.1%
199129,971,257+19.1%
200134,726,129+15.9%
201139,300,341+13.2%
Source: [7]

Hindu population by district

Districts of OdishaTotalpopHinduspopHindus %
Bargarh1,346,3361,327,96798.64%
Jharsugu509,716490,12796.16%
Sambalpur935,613873,79593.39%
Debagarh274,108261,54495.42%
Sundargarh1,830,6731,431,76278.21%
Kendujhar1,561,9901,525,87497.69%
Mayurbhanj2,223,4561,859,63983.64%
Baleshwar2,024,5081,937,76595.72%
Bhadrak1,333,7491,248,48693.61%
Kendrapara1,302,0051,257,15696.56%
Jagatsinghapur1,057,6291,014,87295.96%
Cuttack2,341,0942,199,52693.95%
Jajapur1,624,3411,543,31795.01%
Dhenkanal1,066,8781,060,94399.44%
Anugul1,140,0031,127,92698.94%
Nayagarh864,516859,21999.39%
Khordha1,877,3951,798,21495.78%
Puri1,502,6821,459,87297.15%
Ganjam3,160,6353,132,62899.11%
Gajapati518,837341,30865.78%
Kandhamal648,201527,75781.42%
Baudh373,372372,07099.65%
Sonapur541,835538,47299.38%
Balangir1,337,1941,312,92498.19%
Nuapada530,690523,30998.61%
Kalahandi1,335,4941,322,36399.02%
Rayagada831,109770,57292.72%
Nabarangapur1,025,766991,63996.67%
Koraput1,180,6371,119,52794.82%
Malkangiri504,198495,55698.29%
Sources: [8]

Temples

Temple architecture in Odisha architecture has assumed a unique identity and evolved into the rock-cutting and wooden carved style which is also a very common style of Hindu temples in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. In the older times in Odisha's history, the rulers used temples as symbol of respect to gods and their prosperity and hence gave special focus for the best style of Hindu temple architecture.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Odisha</span> State in Eastern India

Odisha, formerly Orissa, is an Indian state located in Eastern India. It is the eighth-largest state by area, and the eleventh-largest by population, with over 41 million inhabitants. The state also has the third-largest population of Scheduled Tribes in India. It neighbours the states of Jharkhand and West Bengal to the north, Chhattisgarh to the west, and Andhra Pradesh and Telangana to the south. Odisha has a coastline of 485 kilometres (301 mi) along the Bay of Bengal in Indian Ocean. The region is also known as Utkaḷa and is mentioned by this name in India's national anthem, Jana Gana Mana. The language of Odisha is Odia, which is one of the Classical Languages of India.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jagannath</span> Form of the Hindu deity Vishnu

Jagannatha is a deity worshipped in regional Hindu traditions in India as part of a triad along with his (Krishna's) brother Balabhadra, and sister, Subhadra. Jagannath, within Odia Hinduism, is the supreme god, Purushottama, and the Para Brahman. To most Vaishnava Hindus, particularly the Krishnaites, Jagannath is an abstract representation of Krishna, or Vishnu, sometimes as the avatar of Krishna or Vishnu. To some Shaiva and Shakta Hindus, he is a symmetry-filled tantric form of Bhairava, a fierce manifestation of Shiva associated with annihilation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ratha Yatra (Puri)</span> Hindu Odia chariot festival dedicated to the deity Jagannath

The Ratha Yatraof Puri, also rendered as the Ratha Jatra, is considered the oldest and largest Hindu chariot festival celebrated annually, on the bright half of the lunar month of Ashadh (June–July). The festival is held at the city of Puri, in the state of Odisha, India and associated with the deity Jagannath. During the festival, three deities are drawn by a multitude of devotees in three massive, wooden chariots on bada danda to Gundicha Temple whereby they reside there for a week and then return to the Jagnannath temple. This return trip is referred to as the Bahuda Yatra.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Puri</span> City in Odisha, India

Puri is a coastal city and a municipality in the state of Odisha in eastern India. It is the district headquarters of Puri district and is situated on the Bay of Bengal, 60 kilometres (37 mi) south of the state capital of Bhubaneswar. It is home to the 12th-century Jagannath Temple and is one of the original Char Dham pilgrimage sites for Hindus.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Puri district</span> District of Odisha in India

Puri district is a coastal district of the Odisha state of India. It has one sub-division, 11 tahasils and 11 blocks and comprises 1722 revenue villages. Puri is the only municipality of the district. Konark, Pipili and Nimapara are the three NACs in this district. Satyabadi, Gop, Kakatpur and Brahmagiri are major semi-urban areas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jagannath Temple, Ranchi</span> Hindu temple in Jharkhand, India

Jagannath Temple in Ranchi, India is a 17th-century temple dedicated to Lord Jagannath. It was built by king of Barkagarh Jagannathpur Thakur Ani Nath Shahdeo, in 1691. Completed on 25 December 1691, it is located about 10 km from the main town. The temple is on top of a small hillock.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jagannath Temple, Puri</span> Hindu temple at Puri, Odisha, India

The Jagannath Temple is an important Hindu temple dedicated to Jagannath, a form of Vishnu–one of the trinity of supreme divinity in Hinduism. It is located in Puri in the state of Odisha, situated on the eastern coast of India. As per temple records, the mythical King Indradyumna of Avanti built the main temple of Jagannath at Puri. The present temple was rebuilt from the tenth century onwards, on the site of the pre-existing temples in the compound, but not the main Jagannath temple, and begun by Anantavarman Chodaganga, the first king of the Eastern Ganga dynasty. Many of the temple rituals are based on Oddiyana Tantras which are the refined versions of Mahayana Tantras as well as Shabari Tantras which are evolved from Tantric Buddhism and tribal beliefs respectively. The local legends link the idols with aboriginal tribes and the daitapatis (servitors) claim to be descendants of the aboriginals. The temple is one of the 108 Abhimana Kshethram of the Vaishnavite tradition.

The Odia (ଓଡ଼ିଆ), formerly spelled Oriya, are an Indo-Aryan ethnic group native to the Indian state of Odisha who speak the Odia language. They constitute a majority in the eastern coastal state, with significant minority populations existing in the neighboring states of Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and West Bengal.

<i>Yatra</i> Pilgrimage in Indian religions

Yātrā, in Indian-origin religions, Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism, generally means a pilgrimage to holy places such as confluences of sacred rivers, sacred mountains, places associated with Hindu epics such as the Mahabharata and Ramayana, and other sacred pilgrimage sites. Visiting a sacred place is believed by the pilgrim to purify the self and bring one closer to the divine. The journey itself is as important as the destination, and the hardships of travel serve as an act of devotion in themselves.

Salabega was an Odia religious poet of India in the early 17th century who wrote Jagannatha bhajanas. He was Muslim by birth but his devotion for the Hindu God made Lord Jagannath stop his Ratha Jātrā in Odisha for him to get darshan. His famous Bhajan 'Ahe Nila Saila' lives to this day.

Odisha is one of the 28 states of India, located on the eastern coast. It is surrounded by the states of West Bengal to the northeast, Jharkhand to the north, Chhattisgarh to the west and northwest, and Andhra Pradesh to the south and southwest. Odia is the official and most widely spoken language, spoken by 33.2 million according to the 2001 Census. The modern state of Odisha was established on 1 April 1936, as a province in British India, and consisted predominantly of Odia-speaking regions. April 1 is celebrated as Odisha Day.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gundicha Temple</span> Hindu temple in Puri, Odisha, India

Gundicha Temple, is a Hindu temple, situated in the temple town of Puri in the state of Odisha, India. It is significant for being the destination of the celebrated annual Rath Yatra of Puri. While it remains vacant most of the year, the temple is occupied by images of the deities of Jagannath, his brother Balabhadra and sister Subhadra for seven complete days every year during the annual Rath Yatra festival.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jagannath Temple, Hyderabad</span> Hindu Jagannath temple in Hyderabad, India

The Jagannath Temple in Hyderabad, India,Telangana, is a modern temple built by the Odia community of the city of Hyderabad dedicated to the Hindu God Jagannath. The temple located near Banjara hills Road no.12 (twelve) in Hyderabad is famous for its annual Rathyatra festival attended by thousands of devotees. Jagannath means Lord of the Universe. The temple which was constructed during 2009 recently lies in Center of Hyderabad City.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shri Shri Hari Baladev Jew Bije, Baripada</span> Hindu temple in Odisha, India

Shri Shri Hari Baladev Jew Bije is a famous Hindu temple located in Baripada, Mayurbhanj district, in the state of Odisha, India. The name Jagannath is a combination of the Sanskrit words Jagat (Universe) and Nath.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jagannath Temple, Chennai</span> Hindu temple in Tamil Nadu, India

Jagannath Puri Temple Chennai is a Hindu temple dedicated to the divine trinity Jagannath, Baladeva and Subhadra in Chennai, India. The temple located in Kannathur off the East Coast Road by the seaside is built in Kalinga architecture reminiscent of the Jagannath Temple, Puri. The temple has shrines dedicated to Shiva, Ganesh, and Bimala. The annual Rathyatra is the main festival celebrated.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ratha Yatra</span> Hindu festival

Ratha Yatra, or chariot festival, is any public procession in a chariot. They are held annually during festivals in India, Nepal and Sri Lanka. The term also refers to the popular annual Ratha Yatra of Puri. that involve a public procession with a chariot with deities Jagannath, Balabhadra, Subhadra and Sudarshana Chakra on a ratha, a wooden deula-shaped chariot.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sarnaism</span> Indian religion

Sarnaism is a religious faith of the Indian subcontinent, predominantly followed by indigenous communities in the Chota Nagpur Plateau region across states like Jharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal, Bihar, and Chhattisgarh.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nabakalebara 2015</span> Religious festival in Odisha, India

The Nabakalebara 2015 is a celebration of the ancient ritual of the Nabakalebara associated with most of the Jagannath Temples when the idols of Lord Jagannath, Balabhadra, Subhadra and Sudarshan are replaced by a new set of idols; the last such festival of events was held in 1996. The period of the festival is chosen according to the Hindu Calendar, conforming to the astrological planetary positions. The festival during 2015 involves several schedules, and it has started from 23 March with Banajaga Yatra and will conclude with Rathayatra followed Sunabesa on 27 July, with many other rituals being held in between on specific dates. More than 5 million devotees are expected to participate in these rituals held in and around the temple complex of the Jagannath Temple, Puri, Odisha.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Durgi, Odisha</span> Panchayat in Odisha, India

Durgi is a census village & Panchayat Headquarter of Bissam Cuttack Block in Rayagada district of Odisha, India. There are total 439 families residing in this village. The wards/ villages comes under Durgi Panchayat are:- Durgi, Bhaleri, Kundanpadar, Rengabai, Barangpadar, Thambalpadhu, Budhanagar, Kachapai, Kalipadar, Kurankul, Tentili Kalipadar, Mulipada, Dharamguda, Balipadar, Haduguda, Huruguda, Khariguda and IAY Colony.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hinduism in Meghalaya</span> Hinduism in the Indian state

Hinduism is a minority religion in the Meghalaya state of India constituting 12% of the state's population. The Nartiang Durga Temple in Meghalaya is one of the 51 Shakti peethas on Earth and is considered by Hindus of Meghalaya as the permanent abode of Goddess Durga. Hinduism is a popular religion practice by Rabhas, Hajongs, Kochs, Rajbongshis, Mikirs, Bengalis, Nepalis, Biharis etc.

References

  1. "Population by religion community – 2011". Census of India, 2011. The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived from the original on 25 August 2015.
  2. "Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India". Government of India . 2011 Census of India. Archived from the original on 13 September 2015. Retrieved 11 May 2021.
  3. "India's religions by numbers". The Hindu. 26 August 2015. ISSN   0971-751X . Retrieved 11 May 2021.
  4. "Tribal influence on Hindu religion prominent in Odisha: Historian". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 11 May 2021.
  5. "Rath Yatra 2020 Date: Jagannath Rath Yatra in Puri: Check History and significancea". The Times of India. 22 June 2020. Retrieved 11 May 2021.
  6. Chatterjee, Suhas (1998). Indian Civilization and Culture. M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd. pp.  68. ISBN   978-81-7533-083-2.
  7. "Findings on Religious Affiliations of Population of Odisha" (PDF). Magazine Orissa. pp. 18–24.
  8. "Census 2011: Hindus dip to below 80 per cent of population; Muslim share up, slows down". The Indian Express. 27 August 2015. Retrieved 11 May 2021.