Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their taxonomy, genetics, biochemical properties, and use by humans. Fungi can be a source of tinder, food, traditional medicine, as well as entheogens, poison, and infection. Mycology branches into the field of phytopathology, the study of plant diseases. The two disciplines are closely related, because the vast majority of plant pathogens are fungi. A biologist specializing in mycology is called a mycologist.
Genus is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus.
The Hypocreaceae are a family within the class Sordariomycetes. Species are recognisable by their brightly coloured perithecial ascomata, typically yellow, orange or red. The family was proposed by Giuseppe De Notaris in 1844. According to the Dictionary of the Fungi, the family has 22 genera and 454 species. In 2020, it was re-analysed and determined to have only 17 genera and about 658 species.
Petter Adolf Karsten was a Finnish mycologist, the foremost expert on the fungi of Finland in his day, and known in consequence as the "father of Finnish mycology".
Fellhanera is a genus of mostly leaf-dwelling lichens in the family Pilocarpaceae. The genus, circumscribed by lichenologist Antonín Vězda in 1986, honours Austrian lichenologist Josef Hafellner.
Candelariella is a genus of bright yellow, ocher, or greenish yellow crustose or squamulose lichens in the family Candelariaceae. Members of the genus are commonly called eggyolk lichens, goldspeck lichens, or yolk lichens. The genus was circumscribed in 1894 by Swiss lichenologist Johannes Müller Argoviensis, with Candelariella vitellina assigned as the type species.
The clavarioid fungi are a group of fungi in the Basidiomycota typically having erect, simple or branched basidiocarps that are formed on the ground, on decaying vegetation, or on dead wood. They are colloquially called club fungi and coral fungi.
Xenasmatella is a genus of corticioid fungi in the order Polyporales. Circumscribed by German mycologist Franz Oberwinkler in 1966, the widespread genus contains 27 species.
Taeniolella is a genus of asexual fungi hyphomycetes in the family Mytilinidiaceae. Some of the species are lichenicolous (lichen-dwelling), others are saprophytic, while others are endophytic. The genus was circumscribed in 1958 by Canadian mycologist Stanley John Hughes, with Taeniolella exilis as the type species. Major revisions of the lichenicolous species in the genus were published in 2016 and 2018.
Lichenoconium is a genus of fungi belonging to the family Lichenoconiaceae.
Intralichen is a genus of lichenicolous fungi of uncertain classification in the class Ascomycota. It has four species. The genus was circumscribed by David Leslie Hawksworth and Mariette S. Cole in 2002, with Intralichen christiansenii as the type species.
Stereocaulon symphycheilum is a species of snow lichen belonging to the family Stereocaulaceae.
Stereocaulon botryosum is a species of snow lichen belonging to the family Stereocaulaceae.
Stereocaulon glareosum is a species of snow lichen belonging to the family Stereocaulaceae.
Stereocaulon intermedium is a species of snow lichen belonging to the family Stereocaulaceae.
Stereocaulon depressum is a species of snow lichen belonging to the family Stereocaulaceae.
Stereocaulon rivulorum is a species of snow lichen belonging to the family Stereocaulaceae.
Hobsonia is a genus of fungi in the family Phleogenaceae. The genus is currently monotypic, with a single recognized species, Hobsonia mirabilis. The type species, H. gigaspora, and H. ackermannii are considered to be synonyms and additional lichenicolous species have now been transferred to the ascomycete genera Hobsoniopsis and Illosporiopsis. Hobsonia mirabilis is only known in its anamorph form, which is whitish, gelatinous, pustular, and occurs on dead woody plant remains. Microscopically, it produces coiled or spiralled conidia. The species was formerly of uncertain disposition, but molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, has shown that it belongs within the Atractiellales. Though originally described from New York, the species is more commonly found in the tropics and subtropics.
Xanthoria calcicola is a species of saxicolous and corticolous, crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae.
Illosporiopsis christiansenii is a species of fungus which parasitizes lichen which is found in Europe and North America. It was previously described as Hobsonia christiansenii.
