ImageJ

Last updated
ImageJ
Developer(s) Wayne Rasband (retired from NIH)
Stable release
1.54p [1]   OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg / 18 February 2025
Repository
Operating system Any (Java-based)
Type Image processing
License Public Domain, BSD-2
Website imagej.net

ImageJ is a Java-based image processing program developed at the National Institutes of Health and the Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation (LOCI, University of Wisconsin). [2] [3] Its first version, ImageJ 1.x, is developed in the public domain, while ImageJ2 and the related projects SciJava, ImgLib2, and SCIFIO are licensed with a permissive BSD-2 license. [4] ImageJ was designed with an open architecture that provides extensibility via Java plugins and recordable macros. [5] Custom acquisition, analysis and processing plugins can be developed using ImageJ's built-in editor and a Java compiler. User-written plugins make it possible to solve many image processing and analysis problems, from three-dimensional live-cell imaging [6] to radiological image processing, [7] multiple imaging system data comparisons [8] to automated hematology systems. [9] ImageJ's plugin architecture and built-in development environment has made it a popular platform for teaching image processing. [10] [11]

Contents

ImageJ can be run as an online applet, a downloadable application, or on any computer with a Java 5 or later virtual machine. Downloadable distributions are available for Microsoft Windows, the classic Mac OS, macOS, Linux, and the Sharp Zaurus PDA. The source code for ImageJ is freely available. [12]

The project developer, Wayne Rasband, retired from the Research Services Branch of the NIH's National Institute of Mental Health in 2010, but continues to develop the software.

Features

ImageJ can display, edit, analyze, process, save, and print 8-bit color and grayscale, 16-bit integer, and 32-bit floating point images. It can read many image file formats, including TIFF, PNG, GIF, JPEG, BMP, DICOM, and FITS, as well as raw formats. ImageJ supports image stacks, a series of images that share a single window, and it is multithreaded, so time-consuming operations can be performed in parallel on multi-CPU hardware. ImageJ can calculate area and pixel value statistics of user-defined selections and intensity-thresholded objects. It can measure distances and angles. It can create density histograms and line profile plots. It supports standard image processing functions such as logical and arithmetical operations between images, contrast manipulation, convolution, Fourier analysis, sharpening, smoothing, edge detection, and median filtering. It does geometric transformations such as scaling, rotation, and flips. The program supports any number of images simultaneously, limited only by available memory.

History

Before the release of ImageJ in 1997, a similar freeware image analysis program known as NIH Image had been developed in Object Pascal for Macintosh computers running pre-OS X operating systems. Further development of this code continues in the form of Image SXM, a variant tailored for physical research of scanning microscope images. A Windows version – ported by Scion Corporation (now defunct), so-called Scion Image for Windows – was also developed. Both versions are still available but – in contrast to NIH Image – closed-source. [13]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Release 1.54p". 18 February 2025. Retrieved 22 February 2025.
  2. ↑ Schneider CA, Rasband WS, Eliceiri KW (2012). "NIH Image to ImageJ: 25 years of image analysis". Nat Methods. 9 (7): 671–675. doi:10.1038/nmeth.2089. PMC   5554542 . PMID   22930834.
  3. ↑ Collins TJ (July 2007). "ImageJ for microscopy". BioTechniques. 43 (1 Suppl): 25–30. doi: 10.2144/000112517 . PMID   17936939. Open Access logo PLoS transparent.svg
  4. ↑ "ImageJ Licensing" . Retrieved 3 September 2018.
  5. ↑ Girish V, Vijayalakshmi A (2004). "Affordable image analysis using NIH Image/ImageJ" . Indian J Cancer. 41 (1): 47. doi: 10.4103/0019-509X.12345 . PMID   15105580. S2CID   44965098. Open Access logo PLoS transparent.svg
  6. ↑ Eliceiri K, Rueden C (2005). "Tools for visualizing multidimensional images from living specimens". Photochem Photobiol. 81 (5): 1116–22. doi: 10.1562/2004-11-22-IR-377 . PMID   15807634. S2CID   20399432.
  7. ↑ Barboriak D, Padua A, York G, Macfall J (2005). "Creation of DICOM—Aware Applications Using ImageJ". J Digit Imaging. 18 (2): 91–9. doi:10.1007/s10278-004-1879-4. PMC   3046706 . PMID   15827831.
  8. ↑ Rajwa B, McNally H, Varadharajan P, Sturgis J, Robinson J (2004). "AFM/CLSM data visualization and comparison using an open-source toolkit". Microsc Res Tech. 64 (2): 176–84. doi:10.1002/jemt.20067. PMID   15352089. S2CID   6148206.
  9. ↑ Gering E, Atkinson C (2004). "A rapid method for counting nucleated erythrocytes on stained blood smears by digital image analysis". J Parasitol. 90 (4): 879–81. Bibcode:2004JPara..90..879G. doi:10.1645/GE-222R. PMID   15357090. S2CID   22603181.
  10. ↑ Burger W, Burge M (2007). Digital Image Processing: An Algorithmic Approach Using Java. Springer. ISBN   978-1-84628-379-6.
  11. ↑ Dougherty, G (2009). Digital Image Processing for Medical Applications. Cambridge University Press. ISBN   978-0-521-86085-7.
  12. ↑ "download". ImageJ.net.
  13. ↑ "NIH Image: About" . Retrieved 2008-11-18.
  14. ↑ "ImageJ Plugin". Eclipse Plugins, Bundles and Products - Eclipse Marketplace.
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