The winter moth is a moth of the family Geometridae. It is an abundant species in Europe and the Near East and a famous study organism for evaluating insect population dynamics. It is one of very few lepidopterans of temperate regions in which adults are active in late autumn and early winter. The adults use endothermy for movement in these cold temperatures. The females of this species are virtually wingless and cannot fly, but the males are fully winged and fly strongly. After the initial frosts of late fall, the females emerge from their pupae, walk to and up trees and emit pheromones in the evening to attract males. After fertilization, they ascend to lay, on average, around 100 eggs each. Typically, the larger the female moth is, the more eggs she lays.
Orgyia leucostigma, the white-marked tussock moth, is a moth in the family Erebidae. The species was first described by James Edward Smith in 1797. The caterpillar is very common especially in late summer in eastern North America, extending as far west as Texas, California, and Alberta.
The hemlock moth, also known as the defoliating hemlock moth or poison hemlock moth, is a nocturnal moth species of the family Depressariidae. Of Palaearctic origin, it was first found in North America in 1973 when it was accidentally introduced. The moth is now widespread throughout the northern half of the United States, southern Canada, northern Europe, and, more recently, New Zealand and Australia. The larval form grows to around 10 mm, while the adults wingspan is between 17 mm and 19 mm.
Xanthorhoe semifissata, commonly known as the barred pink looper. is a moth of the family Geometridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and is found throughout the country although it is much less common in the mountains in the south and west of the South Island. The larvae host plants include Nasturtium officinale as well as species in the Cardamine genus. Adult moths inhabit shrubs at the edge of native forest.
Cingilia is a monotypic moth genus in the family Geometridae erected by Francis Walker in 1862. Its only species, Cingilia catenaria, the chain-dotted geometer, chain dot geometer, chainspotted geometer or chain-spotted geometer, was first described by Dru Drury in 1773. It is found in North America from Nova Scotia south to Maryland and west to Kansas and Alberta.
Haematopis is a monotypic moth genus in the family Geometridae erected by Jacob Hübner in 1823. Its only species, Haematopis grataria, the chickweed geometer, was first described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1823. It is found throughout the United States. In Canada it is found from Quebec to Alberta, north to the Northwest Territories.
Iridopsis is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae first described by Warren in 1894.
Archips semiferanus is a species of moth in the family Tortricidae, and one of several species of moth commonly known as oak leafroller or oak leaf roller. The larvae feed on the leaves of oak trees in the eastern United States and southeastern Canada and are a major defoliator of oak trees, which can lead to tree mortality. In Pennsylvania in the late 1960s and early 1970s, oak leafrollers defoliated over 1,045,000 acres (423,000 ha).
Eulithis testata, the chevron, is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1761. It is found in both the Palearctic and the Nearctic realms. In the Palearctic it ranges from Great Britain and Scandinavia, south to the Alps, east through Russia and the Russian Far East to Japan. In North America, it is found from Newfoundland to Vancouver Island and Alaska, south in the east to about New Jersey and in the west to Colorado.
Plagodis alcoolaria, the hollow-spotted plagodis, is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Achille Guenée in 1857. It is found in eastern and central North America.
Lampropteryx suffumata, the water carpet, is a moth of the family Geometridae. It is found from Europe to the Altai Mountains, Khabarovsk Krai and the Kamchatka Peninsula in the far east of Russia, and Hokkaido, Japan. In 2000, the species was discovered in Alaska, USA, and then in 2008 DNA-barcoding analysis of museum specimens identified several Canadian specimens, thereby extending the geographical range from Ireland in the west, across Eurasia, to the west of North America. The habitat consists of damp woodland, grassy areas, chalk downland and scrubland.
Anavitrinella pampinaria, the common gray, is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Achille Guenée in 1857. It is found in most of North America except the Arctic regions, south to Mexico.
Iridopsis pergracilis, the cypress looper moth, is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species was first described by George Duryea Hulst in 1900. It is found in the US from Maryland to Florida.
Iridopsis clivinaria, the mountain mahogany looper moth, is a moth of the family Geometridae. It is found from British Columbia south to California and east to Idaho, Colorado and Arizona.
Arctornis submarginata is a species of moth of the subfamily Lymantriinae of family Erebidae. It is found in the north-eastern Himalaya and Sikkim, Sri Lanka, on Borneo and Sumatra and in northern Australia.
Euchlaena obtusaria, the obtuse euchlaena moth, is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Jacob Hübner in 1813. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Alberta east to Nova Scotia, south to Florida and Texas. The habitat consists of mixed wood forests.
Hyposidra talaca, the black looper or black inch worm, is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Francis Walker in 1860. It is found from India to Indochina, Sundaland, Sulawesi, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, the Solomon Islands, Thailand, Taiwan, New Guinea and Australia, where it has been recorded from Queensland. It is a major defoliating pest in tea plantations.
Dichomeris costarufoella is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Vactor Tousey Chambers in 1874. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Illinois and Louisiana to Nebraska, Oklahoma, Texas, New Mexico, Arkansas and Manitoba.
Pimpla pedalis is a species of ichneumon wasp in the family Ichneumonidae. The species is a pupal parasitoid of Iridopsis ephyraria.
Asaphodes recta is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and is found in the southern parts of the South Island. The preferred habitat of this species is open tussock grassland. The adults are on the wing in February and March. Larvae of this species have been reared on species in the genera Ranunculus and Bellis.
