Iris rosenbachiana

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Iris rosenbachiana
Iris rosenbachiana 001 GotBot 2018.jpg
Iris rosenbachiana in Gothenburg Botanical Garden
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Iridaceae
Genus: Iris
Subgenus: Iris subg. Scorpiris
Section: Iris sect. Scorpiris
Species:
I. rosenbachiana
Binomial name
Iris rosenbachiana
Synonyms [1]
  • Iris rosenbachiana var. violacea(Regel)
  • Juno rosenbachiana(Regel) Vved.

Iris rosenbachiana, the spinster iris, is a species in the genus Iris , it is also in the subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial from Central Asia, within Tajikistan and Afghanistan. It has long mid-green leaves, short flower stem, sweet scented flowers in early spring in shades of purple.

Contents

Description

Iris rosenbachiana is thought to be in the same 'physocaulon' group of junos, along with Iris kopetdagensis , Iris leptorhiza , Iris popovii , Iris nicolai , Iris baldschuanica and Iris zaprjagajevii . They all have short thick storage tubers which come to a point, and they have an extra side bulb in addition to the bulb which produces the flowers and leaves. [2]

It has lance-shaped, channelled, mid-green leaves formed from a basal tuft. [3] The multiple leaves, [2] grow at the same time as the short flower stem. [4] [5]

It grows up between to 10–15 cm (4–6 in) tall. [3] [6]

It has deeply sweet scented flowers. [5]

It has between 1–3 flowers per stem, [6] which are long tubed and about 4–5 cm (1.5–2 in) wide. [3]

This iris is one of the first Juno irises to appear in mild winters of Washington, D.C., in the US, flowering in late February, [4] but it can also flower in March in USDA Zone 7 gardens. [7] In the UK, it blooms between March and April. [8]

The flowers are variable in colour, but are generally of rosy lavender with markings of darker purple and gold, [4] but they can range from deep purple, [9] deep rich purple, [7] light purple, [5] pale mauve to white. [6] [10]

It has small down-turned rich purple standards and reddish purple falls, each with an orange, [7] [6] [9] or yellow ridge or crest in the centre. [3] [5]

It has yellow-orange pollen. [10]

This iris has a seed that has an aril. [6]

Taxonomy

It is sometimes known as the Spinster iris. [11]

It was first published by Regel in 'Trudy Imperatorskago St. Peterburgskago Botaniceskago Sada' Vol3 in 1884. [12] [13]

The specific epithet rosenbachiana is derived from that of the Russian governor of Turkestan where the bulb was found, [14] Nikolai Rozenbakh (1804 – 1889).

Iris rosenbachiana is now the accepted name by the RHS, [15] it was verified by United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service on 3 October 2014. [13]

Note, Iris rosenbachiana var. baldshuanica is a synonym of Iris baldshuanica . [16]

Native

Iris rosenbachiana is found in Central Asia, [7] [5] [13] within North Afghanistan. [6] It has been found in the Pamir-Alai mountains at altitudes of up to 2000 m above sea level, [9] and it has also been found in the Hissar Mountains, [2] and Fann Mountains in Tadjikistan. [13] [17]

Cultivation

This species is similar to Iris nicolai both in cultural requirements and form. [8]

It prefers to grow in well-drained soils, that have a stony composition including dolomitic lime dust. They like summer drought and well ventilated positions. [2] It is difficult to grow outside in the UK, so best cultivated in an alpine house or bulb frame. [3]

Known Cultivars

Related Research Articles

<i>Iris <span style="font-style:normal;">subg.</span> Scorpiris</i> Subgenus of flowering plants

Iris subg. Scorpiris, commonly called Juno, is a subgenus of Iris, representing the smooth-bulbed bulbous irises. For a while it was an independent genus Juno Tratt. in some classifications.

<i>Iris kolpakowskiana</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris kolpakowskiana, or Kolpakowski's iris, is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is classified in the subgenus Hermodactyloides and section Monolepsis. It is a bulbous perennial from Asia.

<i>Iris histrio</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris histrio, the Syrian iris, is a species in the genus Iris, it is classified in the subgenus Hermodactyloides and section Reticulatae. It is a bulbous perennial from Central Asia: Kyrgyzstan, Israel, Lebanon, Syria and southern Turkey.

<i>Iris tingitana</i> species of plant in the family Iridaceae

Iris tingitana is a species in the genus Iris in the subgenus of Xiphium.

<i>Iris caucasica</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris caucasica is a species of plant in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus of Scorpiris. Pronounced as 'kaw-KAS-ee-kuh'.

<i>Iris cycloglossa</i> Species of plant

Iris cycloglossa is a species in the genus Iris, in the subgenus Scorpiris. It comes from Afghanistan.

Iris vicaria is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial from Asia, found in Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. It has tall arching leaves, and has varied coloured flowers, with white, blue and purple between April and May.

Iris zaprjagajevii is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial from Central Asia. It has greyish-green leaves, short stem and white flowers with a yellow crest.

Iris willmottiana is a species in the genus Iris, in the subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial, from Uzbekistan in central Asia. It has green broad leaves, short stems, large flowers in various shades of blue.

Iris orchioides, the 'orchid iris,' is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial, from the mountains of Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan. It has dark green leaves, slender stems, up to 3 yellow flowers in spring. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

Iris narbutii is a species of flowering plant in the genus Iris, subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial from Central Asia. It has dark green leaves, short stems, spring flowers in shades of greenish-yellow to pale violet.

Iris kuschakewiczii is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial, from the hills of Kazakhstan. It has dark green glaucous leaves, a short, thick stem, spring flowers in shades of purple.

<i>Iris stenophylla</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris stenophylla is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial.

<i>Iris tubergeniana</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris tubergeniana is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial from Central Asia, in the former states of USSR. It has pale green, pointed or sickle shaped leaves, short flowering stem holding 1-3 spring flowers in shades of yellow.

Iris falcifolia is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris and in the section Hexapogon. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Afghanistan, Iran and Pakistan. It is a small plant, with sickle-shaped greyish-green leaves, lilac-violet flowers and darker veining, and a white or yellow beard. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in dry, temperate regions.

Iris darwasica is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris and in the section Regelia. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from Tajikistan and northern Afghanistan. It has long and thin glaucous to grey-green leaves, slender stem and greenish cream or greenish yellow, to dark purple or lilac flowers.

<i>Iris hoogiana</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris hoogiana is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris and in the section Regelia. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from the grassy mountainsides of Turkestan. It has long green leaves, which are slightly purple at the base, and a long slender flowering stem. The flowers are blue, ranging from sky-blue to lavender blue and blue purple. It has orange or yellow beards. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

<i>Iris korolkowii</i> Species of plant

Iris korolkowii is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris and in the section Regelia. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from the mountains of Tien Shan, Pamir and Altai, in Afghanistan and Turkestan. It is commonly known as the Redvein Iris. It has long, sword-shaped grey-green leaves, slender stem, and 2 to 3 white, cream, pale green or light purple flowers which are veined with maroon, chocolate brown or dark purple. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

Iris lineata is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris, and in the section Regelia. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from the mountains of Turkestan, between Tajikistan and Afghanistan. It has tall slender stems, long leaves and greenish yellow flowers covered, with brown violet, or brown purple veining over the top. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

Iris goniocarpa is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus of Iris and in the section Pseudoregelia. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from China, India, Burma and Bhutan. It has yellow green to dark green, long leaves, slender stem and, one flower between blue, lavender-blue, lilac, blue-violet or blue-purple. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

References

  1. ↑ "Iris rosenbachiana Regel is an accepted name". theplantlist.org. 23 March 2012. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Kurtz, Jim (20 March 2007). "Iris-rosenbachiana". www.signa.org (Species Iris Group of North America). Retrieved 19 September 2014.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 Christopher Bricknell, ed. (1994) [1989]. Gardeners' Encyclopedia of Plants and Flowers (2nd ed.). Dorling Kindersley. p. 523. ISBN   9780751301472.
  4. 1 2 3 Benjamin Yeo Morrison Garden Irises , p. 26, at Google Books
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 Drinkwater, Robyn (16 March 2010). "Two early Juno's". stories.rbge.org.uk. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Cassidy, G.E.; Linnegar, S. (1987). Growing Irises (Revised ed.). Bromley: Christopher Helm. p. 80. ISBN   0-88192-089-4.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Juno irises J-R". www.pacificbulbsociety.org. 11 May 2014. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
  8. 1 2 Austin, Claire (2005). Irises: A Gardener's Encyclopedia. Timber Press, Incorporated. ISBN   978-0881927306. OL   8176432M.
  9. 1 2 3 "Iris rosenbachiana". encyclopaedia.alpinegardensociety.net. 2011. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
  10. 1 2 "Iris rosenbachiana". rareplants.co.uk. Archived from the original on 8 October 2011. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
  11. ↑ Donald Wyman Wyman's Gardening Encyclopedia , p. 577, at Google Books
  12. ↑ "Iris". ipni.org (International Plant Names Index). p. 143. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
  13. 1 2 3 4 "Iris rosenbachiana". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 7 February 2018.
  14. ↑ Dykes, W.R. A handbook of Garden Irises. London: Martin Hopkinson Company Ltd. p. 60. Retrieved 26 September 2014.
  15. ↑ "Iris rosenbachiana". www.rhs.org.uk. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
  16. ↑ "Iris rosenbachiana var. baldshuanica". gbif.org (Catalogue of Life). Archived from the original on 1 November 2014. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
  17. ↑ Gardner, Chris (23 March 2011). "Flowers of the Silk Road". blogspot.co.uk. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
  18. 1 2 3 "IRIS (Reticulata)". litbulbgarden.com. August 2013. Retrieved 26 September 2014.

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