Caviomorpha is the rodent infraorder or parvorder that unites all New World hystricognaths. It is supported by both fossil and molecular evidence. The Caviomorpha was for a time considered to be a separate order outside the Rodentia, but is now accepted as a genuine part of the rodents. Caviomorphs include the extinct Heptaxodontidae and extant families of chinchilla rats, hutias, guinea pigs and the capybara, chinchillas and viscachas, tuco-tucos, agoutis, pacas, pacaranas, spiny rats, New World porcupines, coypu and octodonts.
Hutias are moderately large cavy-like rodents of the subfamily Capromyinae that inhabit the Caribbean Islands. Twenty species of hutia have been identified but at least a third are extinct. Only Desmarest's hutia and the prehensile-tailed hutia remain common and widespread; all other extant species are considered threatened by the IUCN. The extinct giant hutias of the family Heptaxodontidae also inhabited the Caribbean, but are not thought to be closely related, with the giant hutias belonging in the superfamily Chinchilloidea.
The dwarf hutia is a possibly extinct species of hutia known only from Cuba. It was last seen in 1937.
Garrido's hutia is a critically endangered or possibly extinct species of hutia that is found in the Cuban moist forests Global 200 ecoregion.
Geocapromys is a genus of rodent belonging to the hutia subfamily and are currently only found on the Bahamas and Jamaica. However, they formerly ranged throughout the Caribbean, from Cuba to the Cayman Islands to even islands off mainland Central America.
The Jamaican coney, also known as the Jamaican hutia and the Browns hutia, is a hutia endemic to Jamaica. It is in the order Rodentia and the subfamily Capromyinae. It is the only extant native land mammal on Jamaica.
The Hispaniolan hutia is a hutia species endemic to the island of Hispaniola. It is the only confirmed extant species of the genus Plagiodontia, and the only extant species of hutia on Hispaniola; other species are extinct. The name Plagiodontia means "oblique tooth" in Greek, referring to its dentition. Along with the often sympatric Hispaniolan solenodon, it is one of two extant native mammals on Hispaniola.
The Desmarest's hutia, also known as the Cuban hutia, is a species of rodent endemic to Cuba, although an extinct subspecies is known from the Cayman Islands. Weighing up to 8.5 kg (19 lb), it is the largest of the extant species of hutia.
The Bahamian hutia or Ingraham's hutia is a species of hutia in the subfamily Capromyinae native to the Bahamas. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, and rocky areas.
The montane hutia is an extinct species of rodent in the subfamily Capromyinae. It was endemic to Hispaniola.
The Puerto Rican hutia is an extinct species of rodent in the family Capromyidae. It was found on Hispaniola and introduced to the Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico.
Mesocapromys is a genus of rodent in the subfamily Capromyinae. The genus is restricted to Cuba and associated islands.
The eared hutia or large-eared hutia is a species of rodent in the subfamily Capromyinae.
The Isla De La Juventud tree hutia or southern hutia is a subspecies of rodent in the subfamily Capromyinae. It is endemic to lowland moist forests on Isla de la Juventud in Cuba. It is threatened by habitat loss and is considered Critically Endangered by the IUCN Red List.
The prehensile-tailed hutia is a species of hutia in the subfamily Capromyinae endemic to Cuba. It is the only member of the genus Mysateles. It is an arboreal foliovore, found in both primary and secondary forest.
The San Felipe hutia, also known as the little earth hutia is a species of rodent. It is found in Cuba, and is listed on the 2019 IUCN Red List as Critically Endangered or possibly extinct.
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