Italian submarine Foca (1937)

For other ships with the same name, see Italian submarine Foca.

History
Italy
Name	Foca
Builder	Cantieri navali Tosi di Taranto, Taranto
Laid down	15 January 1936
Launched	26 June 1937
Commissioned	6 November 1937
Fate	Sunk 12 October 1940 (presumed)
General characteristics (as built)
Class & type	Foca-class submarine minelayer
Displacement	1,326  t (1,305 long tons) (surfaced) 1,651 t (1,625 long tons) (submerged)
Length	82.85 m (271 ft 10 in)
Beam	7.17 m (23 ft 6 in)
Draft	5.2 m (17 ft 1 in)
Installed power	2,880  bhp (2,150  kW) (diesels) 1,250 hp (930 kW) (electric motors)
Propulsion	2 shafts; diesel-electric 2 × diesel engines 2 × electric motors
Speed	15.2 knots (28.2 km/h; 17.5 mph) (surfaced) 7.4 knots (13.7 km/h; 8.5 mph) (submerged)
Range	7,800  nmi (14,400 km; 9,000 mi) at 8 knots (15 km/h; 9.2 mph) (surfaced) 120 nmi (220 km; 140 mi) at 8 knots (15 km/h; 9.2 mph) (submerged)
Test depth	90 m (300 ft)
Complement	60
Armament	6 × 533 mm (21 in) torpedo tubes (4 bow, 2 stern) 1 × single 100 mm (3.9 in) deck gun 2 × twin 13.2 mm (0.52 in) machine guns 36 mines

Foca was the lead ship of her class of three submarine minelayers built for the Regia Marina (Royal Italian Navy) during the late 1930s.

Design and description

The Foca-class submarines were improved versions of the preceding Pietro Micca. They displaced 1,326 metric tons (1,305 long tons ) surfaced and 1,625 long tons (1,651 t) submerged. The submarines were 82.85 meters (271 ft 10 in) long, had a beam of 7.17 meters (23 ft 6 in) and a draft of 5.2 meters (17 ft 1 in). ^[1] They had an operational diving depth of 90 meters (300 ft). ^[2] Their crew numbered 60 officers and enlisted men. ^[1]

For surface running, the boats were powered by two 1,440- brake-horsepower (1,074  kW ) diesel engines, each driving one propeller shaft. When submerged each propeller was driven by a 625-horsepower (466 kW) electric motor. They could reach 15.2 knots (28.2 km/h; 17.5 mph) on the surface and 7.4 knots (13.7 km/h; 8.5 mph) underwater. On the surface, the Foca class had a range of 7,800 nautical miles (14,400 km; 9,000 mi) at 8 knots (15 km/h; 9.2 mph), submerged, they had a range of 120 nmi (220 km; 140 mi) at 7 knots (13 km/h; 8.1 mph). ^[2]

The boats were armed with six internal 53.3-centimeter (21 in) torpedo tubes, four in the bow and two in the stern, for which they carried eight torpedoes. They were also armed with one 100-millimeter (3.9 in) deck gun for combat on the surface. The gun was initially mounted in the rear of the conning tower, but this was re-sited on the forward deck later in the war in the surviving boats and the large conning tower was re-built to a smaller design. Their anti-aircraft armament consisted of two pairs of 13.2-millimeter (0.52 in) machine guns. ^[1] The Focas carried a total of 36 mines that they ejected through chutes in the stern. ^[2]

Construction and career

Foca was laid down by Cantieri navali Tosi di Taranto at their Taranto shipyard on 15 January 1936, launched on 19 June 1937 and completed on 6 November 1937. ^[3] The boat was lost in October 1940 probably due to the explosion of one of the mines it was to lay off Haifa. ^[4]

References

1. Chesneau, p. 305
2. Bagnasco, p. 156
3. Fraccaroli, p. 113
4. Colombo

Bibliography

• Bagnasco, Erminio (1977). Submarines of World War Two. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN   0-87021-962-6.
• Brescia, Maurizio (2012). Mussolini's Navy: A Reference Guide to the Regina Marina 1930–45. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN   978-1-59114-544-8.
• Chesneau, Roger, ed. (1980). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946. Greenwich, UK: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN   0-85177-146-7.
• Fraccaroli, Aldo (1968). Italian Warships of World War II. Shepperton, UK: Ian Allan. ISBN   0-7110-0002-6.
• Rohwer, Jürgen (2005). Chronology of the War at Sea 1939–1945: The Naval History of World War Two (Third Revised ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN   1-59114-119-2.
• Colombo, Lorenzo (June 30, 2024). "R.Smg. Foca". regiamarina.net. Cristiano D'Adamo. Retrieved June 30, 2024. Operational History

External links

• Sommergibili Marina Militare website