Jacksonia scoparia

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Jacksonia scoparia
Jacksonia scoparia plant.jpg
Flowering Jacksonia scoparia
Jacksonia scoparia flower.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Faboideae
Genus: Jacksonia
Species:
J. scoparia
Binomial name
Jacksonia scoparia
Synonyms [1]
  •  ? Jacksonia lateriflora Steud. nom. inval., pro syn.
  • Jacksonia macrocarpa Benth.
  • Jacksonia scopariaR.Br. nom. illeg.
  • Jacksonia scoparia var. gonoclada Maiden & Betche
  • Jacksonia scopariaR.Br. var. scoparia
  • Piptomeris scoparia(R.Br. ex Sm.) Greene
  • Viminaria lateriflora Link

Jacksonia scoparia, commonly known as dogwood or winged broom-pea, [2] is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to Queensland and eastern New South Wales. It is a shrub or small tree with angled or winged branchlets, leaves usually reduced to scales, cream-coloured to orange-yellow flowers and oblong, hairy pods.

Contents

Description

Jacksonia scoparia is a shrub or small tree that typically grows up to 3–5 m (9.8–16.4 ft) high, sometimes up to 12 m (39 ft) and has erect or pendulous, strongly angled or winged branches and branchlets. Its grey bark is rough with furrows. Its leaves are reduced to egg-shaped, dark brown scales. The flowers are scattered along the branches on a pedicel 2.3–3.9 mm (0.091–0.154 in) long. There are egg-shaped bracteoles 0.4–0.7 mm (0.016–0.028 in) long on the pedicels, but are sometimes lost. The floral tube is 0.7–0.9 mm (0.028–0.035 in) long and the sepals are membranous, 3.8–4.1 mm (0.15–0.16 in) long with lobes 3.0–4.1 mm (0.12–0.16 in) long. The petals are yellowish-orange with red markings, the standard petal 5.2–7.2 mm (0.20–0.28 in) long, the wings about 4.5–6.3 mm (0.18–0.25 in) long, and the keel is 4.1–5.7 mm (0.16–0.22 in) long. The stamens have yellowish-green filaments 3.7–6.3 mm (0.15–0.25 in) long. Flowering occurs throughout the year, with a peak in spring to early summer, and the fruit is a membranous, oval pod 3.2–8 mm (0.13–0.31 in) long. [2] [3] [4]

Taxonomy

Scottish botanist Robert Brown described dogwood in 1811 in Rees's Cyclopædia, from material sent by John White and George Caley to Kew Garden. [5] The genus name honours George Jackson and the species name is derived from the foliage, which resembles Scotch broom ( Cytisus scoparius ). [6] Jenny Chappill classified it in Group 4 within the genus, along with Jacksonia chappilliae , Jacksonia rhadinoclona and Jacksonia stackhousei —all from eastern Australia. [7]

Dogwood Creek in Queensland was named after the profusion of the plant in the area by explorer Ludwig Leichhardt on 23 October 1844 during his expedition from Moreton Bay to Port Essington (now Darwin, Northern Territory). [8]

Distribution and habitat

Jacksonia scoparia is widespread in south-east Queensland and eastern New South Wales north from Bega where it grows in woodland on hillsides and ridges, usually on low nutrient soils. [2] [4]

Uses and cultivation

Its tendency to flower profusely makes J. scoparia an attractive subject for the garden. It was introduced into cultivation in England in 1803. It can be grown in sun or part-shaded positions. During droughts, dogwood has provided a useful fodder that is relished by cattle. Propagation is relatively easy from seed following pre-treatment with boiling water (similar to other members of the pea family). Cuttings also strike reasonably readily. [9]

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References

  1. 1 2 "Jacksonia scoparia". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 17 July 2024.
  2. 1 2 3 Wiecek, B. (1990). "Jacksonia scoparia R.Br". Plantnet – New South Wales Flora Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney. Retrieved 2 September 2018.
  3. ↑ Chappill, Jennifer A.; Wilkins, Carolyn F.; Crisp, Michael D. (2007). "Taxonomic revision of Jacksonia (Leguminosae: Mirbelieae)". Australian Systematic Botany. 20 (6): 534–535.
  4. 1 2 Benson, Doug; McDougall, Lyn (1996). "Ecology of Sydney plant species (Part 4: Dicotyledon family Fabaceae)". Cunninghamia. 4 (4): 621. Retrieved 18 July 2024.
  5. ↑ Brown, Robert (1811). "Jacksonia". Rees's Cyclopædia. Vol. 18. London Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown.
  6. ↑ ANBG staff (1972). "Jacksonia scoparia". Australian National Botanic Garden. Retrieved 2 September 2018.
  7. ↑ Chappill, Jennifer A.; Wilkins, Carolyn. F; Crisp, Michael D. (2007). "Taxonomic revision of Jacksonia (Leguminosae: Mirbelieae)". Australian Systematic Botany . 20 (6): 473–623 [534–35]. doi:10.1071/SB06047.
  8. ↑ "Dogwood Creek (entry 10268)". Queensland Place Names. Queensland Government . Retrieved 27 March 2014.
  9. ↑ Wrigley, John W.; Fagg, Murray, Australian Native Plants : Cultivation, Use in Landscaping and Propagation, Reed Books, Kew, Victoria, 1997, ISBN   0-7301-0493-1
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