| Industry | Engineering and manufacturing |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1848 |
| Founder | James Martin |
| Defunct | 1915 |
| Successor | Gawler Implement Manufacturing Co. |
| Headquarters | |
| Products | Agricultural machinery Mining machinery Railway rolling stock |
Number of employees | 700 (peak) |
James Martin & Co was an Australian engineering company which progressed from making agricultural equipment to making railway locomotives. [1]
James Martin & Co. was founded in Gawler, South Australia in around 1848 by James Martin as a blacksmith and wheelright business. It soon began to manufacture reapers. The opening of the Gawler railway line in 1857 allowed Adelaide to be accessed more easily. In 1858, Thomas Flett Loutit joined the business as a shareholder and steam power was introduced to the workshop. In 1868 Loutit retired due to ill health. In the 1870s, a new foundry was built on Calton Road. [2]
During this period James Martin’s nephew, John Felix Martin (1844–1916) and Fred May joined him in partnership, with the business now trading as James Martin & Co. The company moved into the production of large pumping equipment, heavy ore crushing plant and winch drums. In 1885, May left the company and founded May Brothers & Co. with his brother Alfred. By 1888 James Martin had acquired more land to the south of the foundry having secured a contract for the manufacture of 52 locomotives for the South Australian Railways This was followed two years later by a contract for a further 92 engines. Employee numbers had grown to 420 by 1888 and by the early 1890s had reached 700. [2]
On 11 April 1890, the first locomotive produced in South Australia was unveiled. The Governor of South Australia and other dignitaries were in attendance. By December 1894, the 100th locomotive had been completed. By 1898, the company had built 170 locomotives for several customers including the South Australian Railways, Tarrawingee Flux & Tramway Company and the Western Australian Government Railways. [3]
Towards the end of the 1890s, business began to decline as the South Australian Railways commenced building its own rolling stock at Islington Railway Workshops and orders for boilers ceased. James Martin died on 27 December 1899. New government contracts were secured in the first few years of the 20th century for bridges, boilers and valve castings. Increasing competition, particularly from May Brothers, together with a heavy debt burden, led to the company entering voluntary administration in August 1907. The works were divided into two separate companies. Some local farmers and businesses formed the Gawler Implement Manufacturing Co to carry on the agricultural part of the business. [4] [5] The major part of the former James Martin & Co. was acquired by Henry Dutton, son-in-law of John F. Martin. He took over the debts and injected capital into the engineering section and foundry, which he continued to operate under the name of James Martin & Co. [2]
The South Australian Railways awarded a contract for 10 locomotives and 100 goods wagons. [6] This enabled the foundry to begin operations again and new contracts coming in allowed the foundry to continue working but only 250 men were employed. Another contract for 140 railway wagons was secured in May 1910 and in July of that same year the company was awarded another contract for 22 locomotives and louvred vans. Later in that same year also, the company won another contract for 21 locomotives. Henry Dutton died in 1914 but the business continued to operate and in March 1915 received orders for 12 narrow gauge boilers. [2]
On 7 April 1915, Samuel Perry purchased the foundry and set up Perry Engineering, taking over the existing contracts with production shifted to Mile End. However, Perry Engineering failed to win the large contracts required to keep the foundry viable and it closed in July 1928. Most of the buildings were demolished. [2] [7]
The company had a siding of the broad gauge (1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in)) Gawler tramway, which connected to the main railway near Gawler railway station. [8]
Gawler is the oldest country town on the Australian mainland in the state of South Australia. It was named after the second Governor of the colony of South Australia, George Gawler. It is about 40–44 km (25–27 mi) north of the centre of the state capital, Adelaide, and is close to the major wine producing district of the Barossa Valley. Topographically, Gawler lies at the confluence of two tributaries of the Gawler River, the North and South Para rivers, where they emerge from a range of low hills.
Beyer, Peacock and Company was an English railway locomotive manufacturer with a factory in Openshaw, Manchester. Founded by Charles Beyer, Richard Peacock and Henry Robertson, it traded from 1854 until 1966. The company exported locomotives, and machine tools to service them, throughout the world.
Gawler railway station is located on the Gawler line. Situated in the South Australian town of Gawler, it is 39.8 kilometres (24.7 mi) from Adelaide station.
South Australian Railways (SAR) was the statutory corporation through which the Government of South Australia built and operated railways in South Australia from 1854 until March 1978, when its non-urban railways were incorporated into Australian National, and its Adelaide urban lines were transferred to the State Transport Authority.
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The South Australian Railways Y class was a class of narrow gauge steam locomotives operated by the South Australian Railways.
Alfred Muller Simpson, invariably known as Alfred M. Simpson or A. M. Simpson, was a South Australian industrialist, a principal of the manufacturing firm of A. Simpson & Son. He was a member of the South Australian Legislative Council from 1887 to 1894.
Robertson, Martin and Smith was an engineering firm in Melbourne in the second half of the nineteenth century. The company manufactured the first steam locomotive to be built in Australia.
J. & D. Shearer was an engineering and farm machinery manufacturer based in Mannum between 1882 and 1912, founded by John (1845–1932) and David Shearer (1850–1936), and continued separately as John Shearer & Sons of Kilkenny, South Australia, and David Shearer & Co. of Mannum.
Melbourne and Hobson's Bay Railway Company 2-2-2WT (1854) was the first locomotive operated after the inauguration of a public railway line in Australia. It had 7+7⁄8 in (200 mm) diameter cylinders and was capable of producing 30.0 horsepower, reaching 25 mph (40 km/h) and hauling 130 tonnes.
James Martin was an industrialist and politician in the early days of the Colony of South Australia.
The South Australian Railways F class is a class of 4-6-2T steam locomotives operated by the South Australian Railways.
Perry Engineering was a major foundry and steel engineering works in the state of South Australia.
Samuel Perry was an industrialist in the State of South Australia.
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Alexander Williamson Dobbie was a Scots-born South Australian brassfounder, engineer, inventor, lecturer, mesmerist, businessman and travel writer. He founded A. W. Dobbie & Co. manufacturing company, and the hardware and homewares store Dobbie's, which continued into the 1960s in Adelaide and the 1930s in Perth, Western Australia.
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WAGR G class G233 Leschenault Lady is a preserved 2-6-0 steam locomotive, built in 1898 by James Martin & Co of Gawler, South Australia, for the Western Australian Government Railways (WAGR). It is the third oldest Australian-built steam locomotive still in operational order, after Victorian Railways Y class 112 and WAGR A class 15.
