The United States district courts are the trial courts of the U.S. federal judiciary. There is one district court for each federal judicial district. Each district covers one U.S. state or a portion of a state. There is at least one federal courthouse in each district,and many districts have more than one. District court decisions are appealed to the U.S. court of appeals for the circuit in which they reside,except for certain specialized cases that are appealed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit or directly to the U.S. Supreme Court.
Qualcomm Incorporated is an American multinational corporation headquartered in San Diego,California,and incorporated in Delaware. It creates semiconductors,software,and services related to wireless technology. It owns patents critical to the 5G,4G,CDMA2000,TD-SCDMA and WCDMA mobile communications standards.
Broadcom Corporation was an American fabless semiconductor company that made products for the wireless and broadband communication industry. It was acquired by Avago Technologies for $37 billion in 2016 and currently operates as a wholly owned subsidiary of the merged entity Broadcom Inc.
The United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas is a federal court in the Fifth Circuit.
Milan Dale Smith,Jr. is an American attorney and jurist serving as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. Smith's brother,Gordon H. Smith,was a Republican U.S. Senator from 1997 to 2009. Milan Smith is neither a Republican nor a Democrat,and he considers himself to be a political independent.
Sandra Segal Ikuta is a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit.
Capistrano Valley High School is a public high school at the southern border of Mission Viejo,California,USA,that is run by the Capistrano Unified School District. It is set on a hilltop overlooking the San Diego Freeway (I-5) corridor and Saddleback Mountain. It is located on Via Escolar,off the Avery exit of the I-5. The school attendance boundaries primarily serve students from eastern,southern and northern Mission Viejo and a small northern portion of San Juan Capistrano.
Alcatel-Lucent v. Microsoft Corp.,also known as Lucent Technologies Inc. v. Gateway Inc.,was a long-running patent infringement case between Alcatel-Lucent and Microsoft litigated in the United States District Court for the Southern District of California and appealed multiple times to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. Alcatel-Lucent was awarded $1.53 billion in a final verdict in August 2007 in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of California in San Diego. The damages award was reversed on appeal in September 2009,and the case was returned for a separate trial on the amount of damages.
Kim Anita McLane Wardlaw is an American lawyer and jurist serving as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit since 1998. She is the first Hispanic American woman to be appointed to a federal appeals court. Wardlaw was considered as a possible candidate to be nominated by Barack Obama to the Supreme Court of the United States.
Jacobsen v. Katzer was a lawsuit between Robert Jacobsen (plaintiff) and Matthew Katzer (defendant),filed March 13,2006 in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California. The case addressed claims on copyright,patent invalidity,cybersquatting,and Digital Millennium Copyright Act issues arising from Jacobsen under an open source license developing control software for model trains.
Cormac Joseph Carney is a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Central District of California.
David Ormon Carter is a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Central District of California.
Lucy Haeran Koh is an American lawyer serving as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. Koh previously served as a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of California from 2010 to 2021. She also served as a California state court judge of the Santa Clara County Superior Court from 2008 to 2010. She is the first Korean American woman to serve on a federal appellate court in the United States.
TiVo Inc. v. EchoStar Corp. is a case stretching from 2004 to 2011,which took place in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas and the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. TiVo Inc. sued EchoStar Corp. claiming patent infringement of a DVR technology. The issues addressed during litigation included patent infringement,wording of injunctions,infringing product redesign,contempt of court orders,and contempt sanctions. Ultimately,the court held that EchoStar Corp. had indeed infringed TiVo Inc's patent and was in contempt of court for noncompliance of an injunction. The parties reached a settlement wherein EchoStar Corp. paid TiVo Inc. a licensing fee. Further,the court replaced the established contempt test with a single step test. The simplified test makes it more difficult for patent holders to prove contempt as a result of repeat infringement.
Rambus Inc. v. NVIDIA Corporation was a patent infringement case between Rambus and Nvidia. The case was heard in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California.
Motorola Mobility v. Apple Inc. was one of a series of lawsuits between technology companies Motorola Mobility and Apple Inc. In the year before Apple and Samsung began suing each other on most continents,and while Apple and High Tech Computer Corp. (HTC) were already embroiled in a patent fight,Motorola Mobility and Apple started a period of intense patent litigation. The Motorola-Apple patent imbroglio commenced with claims and cross-claims between the companies for patent infringement,and encompassed multiple venues in multiple countries as each party sought friendly forums for litigating its respective claims;the fight also included administrative law rulings as well as United States International Trade Commission (ITC) and European Commission involvement. In April 2012,the controversy centered on whether a FRAND license to a components manufacturer carries over to an equipment manufacturer incorporating the component into equipment,an issue not addressed in the Supreme Court's default analysis using the exhaustion doctrine in Quanta v. LG Electronics. In June 2012,appellate judge Richard Posner dismissed the U.S. case with prejudice and the parties appealed the decision a month later.
Apple Inc. v. Samsung Electronics Co.,Ltd. is the general title of a series of patent infringement lawsuits between Apple Inc. and Samsung Electronics in the United States Court system,regarding the design of smartphones and tablet computers. Between them,the two companies have dominated the manufacturing of smartphones since the early 2010s,and made about 40% of all smartphones sold worldwide as of 2024. In early 2011,Apple began litigating against Samsung in patent infringement suits,with Samsung typically filing countersuits with similar allegations. Apple's multinational litigation over technology patents became known as part of the smartphone wars:extensive litigation and fierce competition in the global market for consumer mobile communications.
Qualcomm Inc. v. Broadcom Corp.Qualcomm I - Qualcomm IV,was a series of US Federal cases between Qualcomm Inc. and Broadcom Corp. involving patent infringement and the duty to disclose patents to the JVT Standard Setting Organization and industry misconduct. Qualcomm held a relevant patent,but neglected to report it to the Standard Setting Agency until after it had made a ruling,and thus the point in question is if Qualcomm had waived its right to enforce its patent or not. The first of the series began in 2007 and ended in 2010.
Google has been involved in multiple lawsuits over issues such as privacy,advertising,intellectual property and various Google services such as Google Books and YouTube. The company's legal department expanded from one to nearly 100 lawyers in the first five years of business,and by 2014 had grown to around 400 lawyers. Google's Chief Legal Officer is Senior Vice President of Corporate Development David Drummond.
Federal Trade Commission v. Qualcomm Incorporated was a noted American antitrust case,in which the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) accused Qualcomm's licensing agreements as anticompetitive,mainly because their practices excluded competition and harmed competitors in the modern chip market,which according to the FTC,violated both Section 1 and Section 2 of the Sherman Act. On May 21,2019,the United States District Court for the Northern District of California ruled in favor of the plaintiff,the FTC,by alleging that Qualcomm had indeed violated the federal antitrust laws by (1) refusing to license its patents to direct competitors,in its relevant product market (2) by placing an extra fee on rival chip sales through its licensing of its patent,and (3) by entering in an exclusive business deal with Apple from 2011 to 2013. The case was seen as controversial when the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit decided to unanimously reverse the decision of the district court by arguing that the FTC failed to prove through its rule of reason analysis that Qualcomm's policies have a considerable negative effect towards the consumer in the CDMA and cellular chips market.
