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Lepiota is a genus of gilled mushrooms in the family Agaricaceae. All Lepiota species are ground-dwelling saprotrophs with a preference for rich, calcareous soils. Basidiocarps are agaricoid with whitish spores, typically with scaly caps and a ring on the stipe. Around 400 species of Lepiota are currently recognized worldwide. Many species are poisonous, some lethally so.
The Agaricaceae are a family of basidiomycete fungi and include the genus Agaricus, as well as basidiomycetes previously classified in the families Tulostomataceae, Lepiotaceae, and Lycoperdaceae.
The Psathyrellaceae are a family of dark-spored agarics that generally have rather soft, fragile fruiting bodies, and are characterized by black, dark brown, rarely reddish, or even pastel-colored spore prints. About 50% of species produce fruiting bodies that dissolve into ink-like ooze when the spores are mature via autodigestion. Prior to phylogenetic research based upon DNA comparisons, most of the species that autodigested were classified as Coprinaceae, which contained all of the inky-cap mushrooms. However, the type species of Coprinus, Coprinus comatus, and a few other species, were found to be more closely related to Agaricaceae. The former genus Coprinus was split between two families, and the name "Coprinaceae" became a synonym of Agaricaceae in its 21st-century phylogenetic redefinition. Note that in the 19th and early 20th centuries the family name Agaricaceae had far broader application, while in the late 20th century it had a narrower application. The family name Psathyrellaceae is based on the former Coprinaceae subfamily name Psathyrelloideae. The type genus Psathyrella consists of species that produce fruiting bodies which do not liquify via autodigestion. Psathyrella remained a polyphyletic genus until it was split into several genera including 3 new ones in 2015. Lacrymaria is another genus that does not autodigest its fruiting bodies. It is characterized by rough basidiospores and lamellar edges that exude beads of clear liquid when in prime condition, hence the Latin reference, lacryma (tears).
Macrolepiota is a genus of white spored, gilled mushrooms of the family Agaricaceae. The best-known member is the parasol mushroom (M. procera). The widespread genus contains about 40 species.
Allopsalliota is a fungal genus in the family Agaricaceae. A monotypic genus, it consists of the single species Allopsalliota geesterani, found in the Netherlands. The specific epithet honors Dutch mycologist Rudolph Arnold Maas Geesteranus. Allopsalliota was circumscribed in 1998 to contain what was then known as Agaricus geesterani, a species first described in 1986 by Cornelis Bas and Paul Heinemann.
Crucispora is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. The genus, described by mycologist Egon Horak in 1971, contains two species found in New Zealand and Asia.
Cystodermella is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. The genus comprises about 12 species, noted for producing agaric fruit bodies, bearing a cap, white gills and stipe with a fine, ephemeral ring. The genus was devised by Harri Harmaja in 2002, dividing the older genus Cystoderma into three independent genera: Cystoderma, Ripartitella and Cystodermella largely on the basis of microscopic differences. Cystodermella species bear non-amyloid spores and sometimes cystidia. The spores, in contrast to Ripartitella are not echinulate.
Endolepiotula is a fungal genus in the family Agaricaceae. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single secotioid species Endolepiotula ruizlealii. This fungus was found in Mendoza Province, Argentina, growing in sandy soil in somewhat dry environment after rainfall.
Gymnogaster is a genus of fungi in the family Boletaceae. It is a monotypic genus, containing the single secotioid species Gymnogaster boletoides, found in Australia. The fungus produces bright yellow fruit bodies with a light brown internal gleba, and the fruit bodies turn blue then dark brown after bruising or handling.
Hiatulopsis is a genus of two species of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. The genus was circumscribed in 1967 by mycologists K. Grinling and Rolf Singer with H. amara as the type species. H. aureoflava was added to the genus by Singer in 1989.
Leucoagaricus is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. Several fungus-growing ants cultivate multiple species for food. The genus contains approximately 90 species.
Neosecotium is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. The genus was circumscribed in 1960 by American mycologists Rolf Singer and Alexander H. Smith. The type species, N. macrosporum, previously only known from the US, was recorded in Mexico in 2012.
Panaeolopsis is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. The genus has a widespread distribution and contains four species. Panaeolopsis was circumscribed by Rolf Singer in 1969 with P. sanmartiniana as the type species.
Pseudoauricularia is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Pseudoauricularia papuana, described as new to science in 1982 by Japanese mycologist Yosio Kobayasi.
Ripartitella is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Rolf Singer in Mycologia vol.39 on page 85 in 1947.
Singerina is a fungal genus in the family Agaricaceae. It is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Singerina indica, found in Maharashtra, southwest India.
Smithiogaster is a fungal genus in the family Agaricaceae. It is a monotypic genus, containing the single gasteroid species Smithiogaster volvoagaricus. Smithiogaster was circumscribed by J.E.Wright in 1975.
Smithiomyces is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. It was circumscribed by Rolf Singer in 1944. The type species, S. mexicanus, was formerly placed in Amanita, as well as the now obsolete genera Leucomyces and Venenarius. The genus was named to honor American mycologist Alexander H. Smith.
Termiticola is a fungal genus in the family Agaricaceae. It is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Termiticola rubescens, found in Papua New Guinea.
References
- ↑ Singer R. (1986). The Agaricales in Modern Taxonomy (4th ed.). Koenigstein, Germany. p. 495.
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