John E. Jones III | |
---|---|
30th President of Dickinson College | |
Assumed office July 1, 2021 | |
Preceded by | Margee Ensign |
Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania | |
In office June 1,2020 –August 1,2021 | |
Preceded by | Christopher C. Conner |
Succeeded by | Matthew W. Brann |
Judge of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania | |
In office July 30,2002 –August 1,2021 | |
Appointed by | George W. Bush |
Preceded by | James Focht McClure Jr. |
Succeeded by | Karoline Mehalchick |
Personal details | |
Born | John Edward Jones III June 13,1955 Pottsville,Pennsylvania,U.S. |
Political party | Republican |
Education | Dickinson College (BA) Dickinson School of Law (now Penn State Dickinson Law) (JD) |
John Edward Jones III (born June 13,1955) is the 30th President at Dickinson College and a former United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania. He is best known for his presiding role in the landmark Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District case,in which the teaching of intelligent design in public school science classes was ruled to be unconstitutional. In 2014,he ruled that Pennsylvania's 1996 ban on same-sex marriage was unconstitutional. On May 14,2021,it was announced that Judge Jones would serve as interim president of his alma mater Dickinson College for a two-year period beginning July 1,2021. On February 28,2022,Jones was named the 30th President of Dickinson College.
Jones was born in 1955 in Pottsville,Pennsylvania,and raised in Orwigsburg,Pennsylvania,where he attended Blue Mountain High School. He graduated high school from Mercersburg Academy. He earned his Bachelor of Arts degree from Dickinson College in 1977 and Juris Doctor from Dickinson School of Law in 1980. At that time,the school was unaffiliated with Pennsylvania State University,but is now known as Penn State Dickinson Law.
After clerking for Guy A. Bowe,the president-county judge for Schuylkill County from 1980 to 1983,Jones joined the law firm of Dolbin &Cori. When he was made a partner,the name of the firm was changed to Dolbin,Cori &Jones.
In 1986,Jones began his own private practice,John Jones &Associates. He spent the next years as a trial lawyer. He also served as solicitor for several municipalities,including his hometown of Pottsville,and was a part-time assistant Schuylkill County public defender until 1995. From around 1992 until his appointment to the federal bench,Jones served as counsel to the Reading firm of Roland &Schlegel.
In 1992,Jones unsuccessfully ran as a Republican for the U.S. House of Representatives for the Sixth Congressional District seat and then was co-chair of the transition team for Governor-elect Tom Ridge.
Jones was the chairman of the Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board from 1995 to 2002,a period marked by some controversy. He was part of a failed attempt to privatize state stores,and he banned Bad Frog Beer after determining that its label (a frog giving the finger) was in bad taste.[ citation needed ] He briefly considered running for governor in 2001.
Jones was appointed to fill a vacancy on the United States District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania by President George W. Bush in February 2002. He was unanimously confirmed by the U.S. Senate on July 30 and was commissioned on August 2. He became Chief Judge on June 1,2020. [1] Before the Kitzmiller decision,he was rumored to be among the top choices for nomination to the US Supreme Court. [ citation needed ]
This section of a biography of a living person does not include any references or sources .(July 2023) |
In 2003,Jones heard the case of Shippensburg University students Walt Bair and Ellen Wray,who sued the school in an effort to stop enforcing a speech code. The speech code banned all "acts of intolerance" including racist,sexist,and homophobic speech. Jones ruled against the university,explaining that while the code had good intentions,it went too far in regulating speech. Jones issued an order that prohibited Shippensburg from enforcing four provisions of the Student Code of Conduct. Jones found that the government may not prohibit speech based solely on the impact it will have on the listener.
Jones was assigned to the Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District bench trial,the first direct challenge brought in federal court against a school district that mandated the teaching of intelligent design. He was praised by Tom Ridge,former Pennsylvania Governor and former head of the Department of Homeland Security,who said that "I can't imagine a better judge presiding over such an emotionally charged issue ... he has an inquisitive mind,a penetrating intellect and an incredible sense of humor." [2]
On December 20,2005,Jones ruled that the mandate was unconstitutional in a 139-page decision. [3]
After the ruling was handed down,some pundits immediately attacked it,notably Bill O'Reilly on Fox News,who accused Jones of being a fascist and an activist judge.[ citation needed ] Casey Luskin and Jonathan Witt of the Discovery Institute,and activist Phyllis Schlafly,leveled similar charges. [4] Jones also received death threats as a result of which he and his family were given around-the-clock federal protection. [5]
In a speech to the Anti-Defamation League on February 10,2006,he responded to critics who claimed that he had "stabbed the evangelicals who got him onto the federal bench right in the back" [4] by noting that his duty was to the Constitution and not to special interest groups. [6]
In a November 2006 talk given at Bennington College,Jones again rejected the "activist judge" criticisms and explained the role of the judiciary and how judges decide cases:
If you look at public polls in the United States, at any given time a significant percentage of Americans believe that it is acceptable to teach creationism in public high schools. And that gives rise to an assumption on the part of the public that judges should 'get with the program' and make decisions according to the popular will.
There's a problem with that. ... The framers of the Constitution, in their almost infinite wisdom, designed the legislative and executive branches under Articles I and II to be directly responsive to the public will. They designed the judiciary, under Article III, to be responsive not to the public will--in effect to be a bulwark against public will at any given time--but to be responsible to the Constitution and the laws of the United States.
That distinction, just like the role of precedent, tends to be lost in the analysis of judges' decisions, including my decision. [7]
In 2008, Jones was awarded the American Humanist Association's Humanist Religious Liberty Award at the World Humanist Congress in Washington, D.C. In his acceptance speech, Jones explained how he was blasted by Bill O'Reilly, Phyllis Schlafly, and Ann Coulter for the decision in Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District. Jones also remarked on the shortcomings of civics education and how the American public tends to have a limited understanding of the Constitution and the importance of the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment and separation of church and state established by the Founding Fathers of the United States. Jones gave his perspective on the separation of powers under the U.S. Constitution: "Articles 1 and 2 designate the legislative branch and the executive branch, respectively, as majoritarian—they are subject to the will of the people; they stand in popular elections. But article 3 is counter-majoritarian. The judicial branch protects against the tyranny of the majority. We are a bulwark against public opinion. And that was very much done with a purpose, and I think that it really has withstood the test of time. The judiciary is a check against the unconstitutional abuse and extension of power by the other branches of government." Jones added that Alexander Hamilton himself remarked: "Enthusiasm is certainly a very good thing but religious enthusiasm is, at least, a dangerous instrument." [8]
In 2014, Jones presided over Deb Whitewood et al. v. Michael Wolf, a case in which the plaintiffs sought relief from Pennsylvania's Marriage Laws (23 Pa. C.S. § 1102). He delivered an opinion striking down the Pennsylvania statute barring same-sex marriage on May 20, 2014, on grounds that it unconstitutionally infringed the plaintiffs rights of due process and equal protection guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. He did not attach a stay to his order, so the decision would be immediately effective.
In 2014, Jones appeared on CNN to discuss same-sex marriage and the law he anticipated would be applied by the U.S. Supreme Court. [9]
Jones is a Lutheran of Welsh descent. He married his wife, Beth Ann, in 1982. They have two children and three grandchildren. He has a share in a business operated by others in his family, Distinct Golf, which runs five golf courses in New Jersey and Pennsylvania.[ citation needed ]
Jones is a member of the board of regents of Mercersburg Academy. Jones is the 30th president of Dickinson College, a private, residential liberal arts college in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. [10] Jones also serves as co-chair of the Pennsylvania Commission on Judicial Independence. He was appointed by Chief Justice Roberts to the Judicial Security Committee of the Judicial Conference of the United States.
This section needs additional citations for verification .(June 2024) |
Lemon v. Kurtzman, 403 U.S. 602 (1971), was a case argued before the Supreme Court of the United States. The court ruled in an 8–0 decision that Pennsylvania's Nonpublic Elementary and Secondary Education Act from 1968 was unconstitutional and in an 8–1 decision that Rhode Island's 1969 Salary Supplement Act was unconstitutional, violating the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment. The act allowed the Superintendent of Public Schools to reimburse private schools for the salaries of teachers who taught in these private elementary schools from public textbooks and with public instructional materials.
The Judicial Yuan is the judicial branch of the Republic of China. It runs the Constitutional Court and oversees all courts of Taiwan, including ordinary courts like the supreme court, high courts, district courts as well as special courts like administrative courts and disciplinary courts. By Taiwanese law, the Judicial Yuan holds the following powers:
Penn State Dickinson Law, formerly Dickinson School of Law, is a public law school in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. It is one of two separately accredited law schools of Pennsylvania State University.
The Judiciary Act of 1789 was a United States federal statute enacted on September 24, 1789, during the first session of the First United States Congress. It established the federal judiciary of the United States. Article III, Section 1 of the Constitution prescribed that the "judicial power of the United States, shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and such inferior Courts" as Congress saw fit to establish. It made no provision for the composition or procedures of any of the courts, leaving this to Congress to decide.
Of Pandas and People: The Central Question of Biological Origins is a controversial 1989 school-level supplementary textbook written by Percival Davis and Dean H. Kenyon, edited by Charles Thaxton and published by the Texas-based Foundation for Thought and Ethics (FTE). The textbook endorses the pseudoscientific concept of intelligent design – the argument that life shows evidence of being designed by an intelligent agent which is not named specifically in the book, although proponents understand that it refers to the Christian God. The overview chapter was written by young Earth creationist Nancy Pearcey. They present various polemical arguments against the scientific theory of evolution. Before publication, early drafts used cognates of "creationist". After the Edwards v. Aguillard Supreme Court ruling that creationism is religion and not science, these were changed to refer to "intelligent design". The second edition published in 1993 included a contribution written by Michael Behe.
James Harvie Wilkinson III is an American jurist who serves as a United States circuit judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. His name has been raised at several junctures in the past as a possible nominee to the United States Supreme Court.
Edith Hollan Jones is a United States circuit judge and the former chief judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit.
Federal tribunals in the United States are those tribunals established by the federal government of the United States for the purpose of resolving disputes involving or arising under federal laws, including questions about the constitutionality of such laws. Such tribunals include both Article III tribunals as well as adjudicative entities which are classified as Article I or Article IV tribunals. Some of the latter entities are also formally denominated as courts, but they do not enjoy certain protections afforded to Article III courts. These tribunals are described in reference to the article of the United States Constitution from which the tribunal's authority stems. The use of the term "tribunal" in this context as a blanket term to encompass both courts and other adjudicative entities comes from section 8 of Article I of the Constitution, which expressly grants Congress the power to constitute tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court of the United States.
Repent America (RA) is a Christian organization based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in the United States.
The Thomas More Law Center is a Christian, conservative, nonprofit, public interest law firm based in Ann Arbor, Michigan, and active throughout the United States. According to the Thomas More Law Center website, its goals are to "preserve America's Judeo-Christian heritage, defend the religious freedom of Christians, restore time-honored moral and family values, protect the sanctity of human life, and promote a strong national defense and a free and sovereign United States of America."
Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District, 400 F. Supp. 2d 707 was the first direct challenge brought in the United States federal courts testing a public school district policy that required the teaching of intelligent design (ID), ultimately found by the court to not be science. In October 2004, the Dover Area School District of York County, Pennsylvania, changed its biology teaching curriculum to require that intelligent design be presented as an alternative to evolution theory, and that Of Pandas and People, a textbook advocating intelligent design, was to be used as a reference book. The prominence of this textbook during the trial was such that the case is sometimes referred to as the Dover Panda Trial, a name which recalls the popular name of the Scopes Monkey Trial in Tennessee, 80 years earlier. The plaintiffs successfully argued that intelligent design is a form of creationism, and that the school board policy violated the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. The judge's decision sparked considerable response from both supporters and critics.
The intelligent design movement has conducted an organized campaign largely in the United States that promotes a pseudoscientific, neo-creationist religious agenda calling for broad social, academic and political changes centering on intelligent design.
Roger Lee Gregory is an American lawyer who serves as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit.
In the United States, judicial review is the legal power of a court to determine if a statute, treaty, or administrative regulation contradicts or violates the provisions of existing law, a State Constitution, or ultimately the United States Constitution. While the U.S. Constitution does not explicitly define the power of judicial review, the authority for judicial review in the United States has been inferred from the structure, provisions, and history of the Constitution.
David Brookman "Brooks" Smith is a senior judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit. He was previously Chief Judge of both the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit and the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania, and is the only judge in the history of the Third Circuit to have served as both a chief district judge and chief of the Court of Appeals.
The counter-majoritarian difficulty is a perceived problem with judicial review of legislative laws. As the term suggests, some oppose or see a problem with the judicial branch's ability to invalidate, overrule, or countermand laws that reflect the will of the majority.
Nullification, in United States constitutional history, is a legal theory that a state has the right to nullify, or invalidate, any federal laws which they deem unconstitutional with respect to the United States Constitution. There are similar theories that any officer, jury, or individual may do the same. The theory of state nullification has never been legally upheld by federal courts, although jury nullification has.
The Raven's Claw Society is an all-male senior honor society at Dickinson College. It was founded in 1896, making it the first society unique to Dickinson College and one of the oldest in the country.
Cardozie Darnell Jones II is a senior United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania.
The constitutional law of the United States is the body of law governing the interpretation and implementation of the United States Constitution. The subject concerns the scope of power of the United States federal government compared to the individual states and the fundamental rights of individuals. The ultimate authority upon the interpretation of the Constitution and the constitutionality of statutes, state and federal, lies with the Supreme Court of the United States.