Kinyeti River

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Coordinates: 4°45′53″N32°28′00″E / 4.76472°N 32.46667°E / 4.76472; 32.46667 The Kinyeti River flows northward from the Imatong Mountains in the Imatong State state of South Sudan, eventually dispersing into the Badigeru swamp.

Geographic coordinate system Coordinate system

A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are often chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position and two or three of the numbers represent a horizontal position; alternatively, a geographic position may be expressed in a combined three-dimensional Cartesian vector. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation. To specify a location on a plane requires a map projection.

Imatong Mountains mountains in South Sudan

The Imatong Mountains are mainly located in Imatong State in southeastern South Sudan, and extend into the Northern Region of Uganda. It was earlier a part of Eastern Equatoria before reorganisation of states.

Imatong State State in Torit, South Sudan

Imatong State is one of the 28 states of South Sudan. It is located in the Equatoria region and it borders Yei River to the southwest, Jubek to the west, Terekeka and Jonglei to the northwest, Boma to the northeast, Namorunyang to the east, and Uganda to the south.

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Location

The Imatongs reach out from their highest central block around Mount Kinyeti into a northwestern, western and southwestern chain. The western chain, with peaks rising up to 2,500 metres (8,200 ft) high, is usually known as the Acholi Mountains. The Kinyeti valley lies between the northwest and west ranges. [1] The Kinyeti river, and others that drain the northern slopes of the mountains, feed the Badigeru swamps. These swamps, running in a SSW-NNE direction for 100 kilometres (62 mi), are discontinuous. They may be as wide as 25 kilometres (16 mi) in the rainy season, but average 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) in width. The swamps in turn may drain westward into the Bahr el Jebel section of the White Nile or eastward into the Veveno River. [2]

White Nile river in Africa and tributary of the Nile River

The White Nile is a river in Africa, one of the two main tributaries of the Nile; the other is the Blue Nile. The name comes from colouring due to clay carried in the water.

The Veveno River is a river in eastern South Sudan. It is a tributary of the Lotilla River, which it joins southwest of Pibor.

Colonial era

The British colonial administration began a forestry project in the Kinyeti basin in the 1940s, clearing the natural forest and planting fast-growing softwoods, Cyprus and Pine. In 1950 the mountains above 1,500 metres (4,900 ft) were made a forest reserve with no further settlement permitted, but the ban was not enforced during the civil wars. Forestry brought laborers into the mountains, and they started hillside farming in a wide area around the forest plantations. [3] In 1949 fingerling trout supplied by the Kenya Game Department were put out in the upper Kinyeti River. By 1952 they had become established, and the forestry department was planning to stock other streams using trout from the Kinyeti. [4]

Later developments

Shortly before independence, the government announced that the Army's Equatoria Corps was to be transferred to the North, sparking a mutiny on 18 August 1955. 336 northerners died and 75 southerners, of whom 55 drowned in the Kinyeti after they fled in panic from Torit. [5] Forestry was neglected during the First Sudanese Civil War (1955-1972). After 1972 an effort was made to rehabilitate the plantations, with a new road built from Torit, a hydro-electric scheme developed to power sawmills and other changes. As of 1984 only the steepest slopes had natural forest and there were plans to clear-cut most of the Kinyeti basin. [3] A 1981 feasibility study assessed hydroelectric power potential in the Kinyeti River and the local power demand, but there was no follow-up. [6] The most promising site seemed to be at Katire. [7]

Torit Municipality in Imatong State, South Sudan

Torit is a town in South Sudan.

The First Sudanese Civil War was a conflict from 1955 to 1972 between the northern part of Sudan and the southern Sudan region that demanded representation and more regional autonomy. Half a million people died over the 17 years of war, which may be divided into three stages: initial guerrilla war, Anyanya, and South Sudan Liberation Movement.

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Mount Kinyeti is the highest peak in South Sudan. It is located in the Imatong Mountains in Ikwoto County of Imatong State state, near the Ugandan border. It was earlier located in Eastern Equatoria before the reorganisation of states. Kinyeti has an elevation of 3,187 metres (10,456 ft) above sea level. The group of high mountains that contain Kinyeti, extending to the border with Uganda, are sometimes called the Lomariti or Lolobai mountains.

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References

  1. ↑ Friis, Ib; Vollesen, Kaj (1998). Flora of the Sudan-Uganda border area east of the Nile. Kgl. Danske Videnskabernes Selskab. pp. 9–10. ISBN   87-7304-297-8.
  2. ↑ R. H. Hughes; J. S. Hughes (1992). A directory of African wetlands. IUCN. p. 224. ISBN   2-88032-949-3.
  3. 1 2 Van Noordwijk, Meine (1984). Ecology textbook for the Sudan (PDF). Khartoum University Press. p. 221. ISBN   90-6224-114-X.
  4. ↑ Commercial fisheries review". 14 (10). October 1952 https://archive.org/stream/commercialfisher14101952unit/commercialfisher14101952unit_djvu.txt . Retrieved 2011-07-28.Missing or empty |title= (help)
  5. ↑ James Fearon; David Laitin. "Sudan" (PDF). Stanford University. Retrieved 2011-07-28.
  6. ↑ Terje Tvedt (2008). A Bibliography on the River Nile Vol. I (PDF). BRIC Press. p. 231. ISBN   978-82-7453-074-4 . Retrieved 2011-07-28.
  7. ↑ Ralph H. Brooks, Samuel E. Bunker, Ronald G. Domer, David R. Zoellner (July 1982). "Sudan An assessment of decentralized hydropower potential" (PDF). USAID. Retrieved 2011-07-28.
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