Aspartate transaminase (AST) or aspartate aminotransferase, also known as AspAT/ASAT/AAT or (serum) glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, is a pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent transaminase enzyme that was first described by Arthur Karmen and colleagues in 1954. AST catalyzes the reversible transfer of an α-amino group between aspartate and glutamate and, as such, is an important enzyme in amino acid metabolism. AST is found in the liver, heart, skeletal muscle, kidneys, brain, red blood cells and gall bladder. Serum AST level, serum ALT level, and their ratio are commonly measured clinically as biomarkers for liver health. The tests are part of blood panels.
Kynurenic acid is a product of the normal metabolism of amino acid L-tryptophan. It has been shown that kynurenic acid possesses neuroactive activity. It acts as an antiexcitotoxic and anticonvulsant, most likely through acting as an antagonist at excitatory amino acid receptors. Because of this activity, it may influence important neurophysiological and neuropathological processes. As a result, kynurenic acid has been considered for use in therapy in certain neurobiological disorders. Conversely, increased levels of kynurenic acid have also been linked to certain pathological conditions.
In enzymology, a 2-aminoadipate transaminase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, 4-aminobutyrate transaminase, also called GABA transaminase or 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, or GABA-T, is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:
In enzymology, an acetylornithine transaminase (EC 2.6.1.11) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a D-amino-acid transaminase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:
In enzymology, a diiodotyrosine transaminase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, glutamate-prephenate aminotransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a kynurenine-glyoxylate transaminase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:
In enzymology, a L-lysine 6-transaminase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a nicotianamine aminotransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
Aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GOT2 gene. Glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase is a pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzyme which exists in cytoplasmic and inner-membrane mitochondrial forms, GOT1 and GOT2, respectively. GOT plays a role in amino acid metabolism and the urea and Kreb's cycle. Also, GOT2 is a major participant in the malate-aspartate shuttle, which is a passage from the cytosol to the mitochondria. The two enzymes are homodimeric and show close homology. GOT2 has been seen to have a role in cell proliferation, especially in terms of tumor growth.
Kynurenine—oxoglutarate transaminase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CCBL1 gene. It is one of the Kynurenine—oxoglutarate transaminases.
Phosphoserine transaminase is an enzyme with systematic name O-phospho-L-serine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
UDP-4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose aminotransferase is an enzyme with systematic name UDP-4-amino-4-deoxy-beta-L-arabinose:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
DTDP-3-amino-3,6-dideoxy-alpha-D-galactopyranose transaminase is an enzyme with systematic name dTDP-3-amino-3,6-dideoxy-alpha-D-galactopyranose:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
UDP-4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-N-acetyl-beta-L-altrosamine transaminase is an enzyme with systematic name UDP-4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-N-acetyl-beta-L-altrosamine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
Neamine transaminase is an enzyme with systematic name neamine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
Alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent hydroxylases are a major class of non-heme iron proteins that catalyse a wide range of reactions. These reactions include hydroxylation reactions, demethylations, ring expansions, ring closures, and desaturations. Functionally, the αKG-dependent hydroxylases are comparable to cytochrome P450 enzymes. Both use O2 and reducing equivalents as cosubstrates and both generate water.
Kynurenine/alpha-aminoadipate aminotransferase, mitochondrial, also known as alpha-aminoadipate aminotransferase and kynurenine aminotransferase 2, is a mitochondrial enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AADAT gene. It converts alpha-aminoadipate to alpha-ketoadipate. It is also one of the Kynurenine—oxoglutarate transaminases.
