Laetiporus montanus

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Laetiporus montanus
Laetiporus montanus 237227.jpg
In Carinthia, Austria
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Polyporales
Family: Fomitopsidaceae
Genus: Laetiporus
Species:
L. montanus
Binomial name
Laetiporus montanus
Cerný ex Tomsovský & Jankovský (2009)

Laetiporus montanus is a species of polypore fungus in the family Fomitopsidaceae. It is found in mountainous areas of central Europe and in China, where it grows on conifers.

Contents

Taxonomy

Laetiporus montanus was first described as new to science by Czech mycologist Karel Černý in 1989. [1] However, the publication did not include a Latin description of the species, nor did it indicate the type, so the name was invalid according to nomenclatural rules. Michal Tomšovský and Libor Jankovský published the species validly in 2009. Although the fruit body of L. montanus is morphologically indistinguishable from the widespread L. sulphureus , it is distinct genetically. [2]

Description

Fruitbodies consist of overlapping fan-shaped caps up to 30 cm (12 in) wide and 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) thick. The upper surface of the fruit body is bright orange before fading to light brownish in age. The pores on the cap underside are initially bright yellow, but fade to pale tan. Pores are small, measuring 1 to 4 per millimetre. Spores are egg-shaped, hyaline (translucent), and measure 6.0–8.0  μm. It has larger spores than other European Laetiporus species; for example, spores of L. sulphureus typically do not exceed 7.0 μm in length. [2]

Habitat, distribution, and ecology

Like all Laetiporus species, L. montanus causes a brown rot in its host trees. It grows on mature conifers, particularly Picea abies and Larix decidua . In Europe, the fungus has been recorded from the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Austria. [2] In 2010, it was reported from the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the first record from China. [3] The actual distribution of the fungus is not well known; the authors suspect that it may have a wider distribution, including Switzerland and adjacent mountainous countries. It is restricted to elevations above 1,100 m (3,600 ft). [2]

Insects known to rear their young in the fruit bodies of L. montanus include the Dipteran species Ula bolitophila and Spelobia parapusio . [4]

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<i>Laetiporus sulphureus</i> Species of fungus

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<i>Cerrena unicolor</i> Species of fungus

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<i>Meripilus giganteus</i> Species of fungus

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<i>Neoantrodia serialiformis</i> Species of Agaricomycetes

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<i>Picipes badius</i> Species of fungus

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<i>Hapalopilus rutilans</i> Species of fungus

Hapalopilus rutilans is a species of polypore fungus in the family Polyporaceae. Officially described in 1821, it was transferred to its current genus Hapalopilus six decades later. It is commonly known as the tender nesting polypore, purple dye polypore, or the cinnamon bracket. This widely distributed species is found on five continents. It grows on the fallen or standing dead wood of deciduous trees, in which it fruits singly, in groups, fused, or in overlapping clusters. Fruit bodies are in the form of kidney-shaped to semicircular, cinnamon-orange-brown brackets. The underside of the fruit body features a yellowish to brownish pore surface with tiny angular pores, from which spores are released.

<i>Pycnoporellus alboluteus</i> Species of fungus

Pycnoporellus alboluteus, commonly known as the orange sponge polypore, is a species of polypore fungus in the family Fomitopsidaceae. Distributed throughout the boreal conifer zone, the fungus is found in mountainous regions of western North America, and in Europe. It causes a brown cubical rot of conifer wood, especially spruce, but also fir and poplar. The soft, spongy orange fruit bodies grow spread out on the surface of fallen logs. Mature specimens have tooth-like or jagged pore edges. A snowbank mushroom, P. alboluteus can often be found growing on logs or stumps protruding through melting snow. Although the edibility of the fungus and its usage for human culinary purposes are unknown, several species of beetles use the fungus as a food source.

<i>Boletus subluridellus</i> Species of fungus

Boletus subluridellus is a species of bolete fungus in the family Boletaceae. Described as new to science in 1971 by American mycologists, the bolete is found in the eastern United States and Canada. It grows on the ground in coniferous and mixed forests in a mycorrhizal association with deciduous trees, especially oak. The fruit bodies (mushrooms) have orangish-red, broadly convex caps that are up to 10 cm (3.9 in) in diameter, with small, dark reddish pores on the underside. The pale yellow stipe measures 4–9 cm (1.6–3.5 in) long by 1.5–2.3 cm (0.6–0.9 in) thick. All parts of the fruit body will quickly stain blue when injured or touched.

Laetiporus ailaoshanensis is a species of polypore fungus in the family Fomitopsidaceae. It is found in southwestern China, where it grows on Lithocarpus. The species was described as new to science in 2014 by Baokai Cui and Jie Song. Its fruit body has an orange-yellow to reddish-orange cap surface, with cream to buff pores on the cap underside. The fungus produces ovoid to ellipsoid basidiospores that measure 5.0–6.2 by 4.0–5.0 μm. Molecular analysis of internal transcribed spacer DNA sequences indicate that L. ailaoshanensis is a unique lineage in the genus Laetiporus.

<i>Laetiporus conifericola</i> Species of fungus

Laetiporus conifericola is a species of polypore fungus in the family Fomitopsidaceae. It is found in western North America ranging from California to Alaska, where it grows as a plant pathogen on conifer trees, particularly fir, spruce, and hemlock. Fruit bodies of the fungus comprise overlapping pore-bearing plates, measuring collectively up to 60 cm (24 in) across, and up to 4 cm (2 in) thick. Their color ranges from bright orange to salmon orange on the upper surface of the cap and stipe, with a yellow pore surface on the cap underside. Spores are egg-shaped, smooth, hyaline (translucent), and measure 6.5–8.0 by 4.0–5.0 μm. The species has a pleasant odour when fresh.

<i>Laetiporus cremeiporus</i> Species of fungus

Laetiporus cremeiporus is a species of polypore fungus in the family Fomitopsidaceae. It is found in cooler temperate areas of China and Japan, where it grows on logs and stumps of hardwood trees, especially oak. The fruit body of the fungus comprises large masses of overlapping reddish-orange caps with a cream-colored pore surface on the underside.

<i>Laetiporus gilbertsonii</i> Species of fungus

Laetiporus gilbertsonii is a species of polypore fungus in the family Fomitopsidaceae. It is found in western North America. It was one of three new Laetiporus species published in 2001, which were distinguished genetically from the common Laetiporus sulphureus; the others were L. conifericola and L. huroniensis. The type collection, made in San Francisco's Golden Gate Park in 1997, was found fruiting on a eucalyptus tree. It has also been collected in Oregon and Washington. The fungus is named in honor of mycologist Robert Lee Gilbertson. L. gilbertsonii is edible, although some people have reported experiencing upset stomach after consuming it. Laetiporus conifericola is very similar in appearance, but is readily distinguished by its growth on conifers.

<i>Laetiporus huroniensis</i> Species of fungus

Laetiporus huroniensis is a species of polypore fungus in the family Fomitopsidaceae. It is found in the Great Lakes region of eastern North America, where it fruits on large logs in old growth conifer forests. The type collection, made in Ottawa National Forest in September 1999, was found fruiting on Tsuga canadensis. It was one of three new Laetiporus species published in 2001, which were distinguished genetically from the widespread Laetiporus sulphureus; the others were L. conifericola and L. gilbertsonii.

<i>Bondarzewia berkeleyi</i> Species of fungus

Bondarzewia berkeleyi, commonly known as Berkeley's polypore, or stump blossoms, is a species of polypore fungus in the family Russulaceae. It is a parasitic species that causes butt rot in oaks and other hardwood trees. A widespread fungus, it is found in Africa, Asia, Europe, and North America.

<i>Nigroporus vinosus</i> Species of fungus

Nigroporus vinosus is a species of poroid fungus in the family Steccherinaceae, and the type species of the genus Nigroporus. Its fruit bodies have brownish caps with tinges of purple or red. The cap underside has a pore surface the same colour as the cap, and minute pores. Nigroporus vinosus has a pantropical distribution. It has been recorded from Africa, North America, Central America, South America, Asia, and Oceania. It is a wood-decay fungus that causes a white rot.

<i>Amylocystis lapponica</i> Species of fungus

Amylocystis lapponica is a species of bracket fungus in the family Fomitopsidaceae, and the type species of genus Amylocystis. It produces medium-sized, annual fruit bodies that are soft, and have a strong, distinct smell. The fungus is a saprophyte that feeds on coniferous wood of logs lying on the ground, and causes brown rot. It is a rather rare species that only occurs in old-growth forest.

References

  1. Černý, K. (1989). Parazitické dřevokazné houby (in Czech). Prague: Ministerstvo lesního a vodního hospodářství a dřevozpracujícího průmyslu ČSR ve Státním zemědělském nakl. pp. 45–47. ISBN   978-8020900906.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Tomsovský, M.; Jankovský, L. (2008). "Validation and typification of Laetiporus montanus". Mycotaxon. 106: 289–295.
  3. Qin, W.; Zhou, L.; Li, G. (2010). "内蒙古根河市多孔菌调查(英文)" [Polypores from Genhe City in Inner Mongolia]. Journal of Fungal Research (in Chinese). 8 (3): 125–130. ISSN   1672-3538.
  4. Ševčík, J. (2003). "Insects associated with wood-decaying fungi in the Czech and Slovak republics: a review of present knowledge". Acta Facultatis Rerum Naturalium Universitas. Ostraviensis Biologica–Ecologica. 9: 159–165.