| Lampsilis reeveiana | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Bivalvia |
| Order: | Unionida |
| Family: | Unionidae |
| Genus: | Lampsilis |
| Species: | L. reeveiana |
| Binomial name | |
| Lampsilis reeveiana (Lea, 1852) | |
Lampsilis reeveiana, commonly known as the Arkansas broken-ray, is a species of freshwater mussel, an aquatic bivalve mollusk in the family Unionidae, the river mussels.
Lampsilis reeveiana is native to the central United States, primarily found in the Ozark region of Arkansas and Oklahoma. [1] [2] Its range may extend to parts of Mississippi, Kansas, and Texas. The species is typically found in the upper reaches of the North Fork River in Missouri and northern Arkansas, as well as in streams flowing southward off the Salem and Springfield plateaus in Missouri. [1]
This species inhabits freshwater rivers and streams with sandy or gravelly substrates, which are suitable for burrowing and filter-feeding. It prefers flowing water environments, typical of many species in the genus Lampsilis. [1]
Like other freshwater mussels in the family Unionidae, Lampsilis reeveiana has a complex life cycle that includes a parasitic larval stage known as glochidia. These larvae must attach to a suitable fish host to metamorphose into juvenile mussels. The species is believed to use aggressive mimicry, with mantle lures that resemble small fish to attract host fish, thereby increasing the chances of glochidia attachment. [3] Known host fish include the largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). [3]
The conservation status of Lampsilis reeveiana has not been evaluated by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). However, according to NatureServe, it is ranked as G4 (Apparently Secure), indicating that the species is not currently at high risk of extinction. [1]
Despite this, localized threats exist. Habitat degradation due to river modifications, sedimentation, and pollution from agricultural and industrial activities can negatively impact populations. Additionally, competition with invasive species, such as zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha), may further threaten certain populations by altering habitat conditions and outcompeting native mussels for resources. [1] Conservation efforts, including habitat restoration and water quality monitoring, are essential for ensuring the long-term stability of this species. [1]
