Larry Kwong

Last updated • 8 min readFrom Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
Larry Kwong
Larry Kwong - Vernon Hydrophones (cropped).png
Larry Kwong pictured with the Vernon Hydrophones in the 1938–39 season
Born(1923-06-17)June 17, 1923
Vernon, British Columbia, Canada
Died March 15, 2018(2018-03-15) (aged 94)
Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Height 5 ft 6 in (168 cm)
Weight 150 lb (68 kg; 10 st 10 lb)
Position Forward
Shot Right
Played for New York Rangers
Playing career 1941–1959

Lawrence Kwong (born Eng Kai Geong; Chinese :吳啟光; June 17, 1923 – March 15, 2018) was a Canadian professional ice hockey forward who was the first player of Asian descent in the National Hockey League (NHL) [1] , playing a short shift at the end of the third period. He was the NHL's first player who was neither white, nor Aboriginal North American, debuting ten years before Willie O'Ree. Although denied much playing time in the NHL, Kwong was a top player in senior hockey leagues outside the NHL throughout his entire career and battled the likes of Jean Beliveau for the scoring race in Quebec.

Contents

Kwong came from a Cantonese-speaking family, and was also the first NHL player from Vernon, British Columbia, and the Okanagan region. Kwong's nicknames included the "China Clipper" and "King Kwong". [2]

After his playing days, he lived in Europe and became the first ethnic Chinese coach of a professional hockey club in Switzerland. In his later years, he returned to Canada and operated a supermarket, following his father's footsteps.

Early years

Kwong was born in 1923 in Vernon, British Columbia, as the second youngest of 15 children born to his Cantonese-speaking father who had two wives. [2] [3] His father had immigrated from China in 1884 for the gold rush in Cherry Creek, BC, but later failed. [4] His father later started farming and then went into the grocery business in Vernon, British Columbia, calling his store Kwong Hing Lung. Larry's Chinese surname was Eng, but decided to take the name of his father's store as the last name in his English name. [2]

Just two weeks after his birth, the government of the Dominion of Canada enacted the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1923 which completely prohibited Chinese immigrants from entering Canada. [5] Kwong faced numerous acts of racial discrimination during his youthful years in Vernon, as he recalled being denied service at a barbershop because of his ethnic background. [4]

Early playing career

Larry Kwong pictured with the Trail Smoke Eaters Larry Kwong - Trail Smoke Eaters.png
Larry Kwong pictured with the Trail Smoke Eaters

Kwong had practiced ice hockey on frozen ponds in Vernon and had not played organized hockey until he joined the Vernon Hydrophones when he was 16 years old. [6] He powered the Vernon Hydrophones to the midget hockey championship of BC in 1939 and then to the provincial juvenile title in 1941. [7] As an 18-year-old, Kwong jumped the junior ranks to play senior hockey after a try-out for the elite semi-professional Trail Smoke Eaters, who had won the 1939 World Ice Hockey Championships. In Trail, players who made the roster got good-paying jobs at a local smelter, but Kwong was denied a job because of his Chinese heritage. Instead, he was sent to a nearby hotel to work as a bellhop. [8]

In 1942, the Chicago Black Hawks invited Kwong to training camp, but "the Canadian government refused to process the documentation needed to leave the country". [9]

In 1944, Kwong was drafted into the Canadian Army. Instead of being deployed overseas, he was selected to join "Sugar" Jim Henry and Mac Colville on the Red Deer Wheelers of the Central Alberta Garrison Hockey League. The Wheelers defeated the Calgary Combines (starring two-time NHL scoring champion Sweeney Schriner) in the playoff semi-final, before falling to Calgary Currie Army (whose roster included Hart Trophy winners Max Bentley and Tommy Anderson) in the final series. [10]

After World War II, Kwong returned to Trail and won the provincial senior hockey championship with the Smoke Eaters in 1946. In that BC Final series against the New Westminster Royals, Kwong led the Smokies in scoring (tied with Mike Buckna) and scored the Savage Cup-winning goal. [11]

Later in 1946, Lester Patrick scouted Kwong and was impressed, signing him for the New York Rovers, a farm team of the New York Rangers. [12] Kwong scored a goal in his debut for the Rovers against the Boston Olympics in Boston on October 27, 1946. [13] At Madison Square Garden on November 17, 1946, Shavey Lee presented Kwong with the Keys to New York's Chinatown. Kwong went on to lead the New York Rovers in scoring in 1947–1948 with 86 points in 65 games.

NHL Debut

Kwong in New York Rangers uniform, 1946 Larry Kwong NYR 1946.jpg
Kwong in New York Rangers uniform, 1946

On March 13, 1948, Kwong became the first player of Asian descent to play in the NHL. Kwong was not the first non-white player, having been preceded by Aboriginal Canadians, Paul Jacobs and Henry Maracle, [1] and Ojibwe American Taffy Abel. He wore number 11, and played against Maurice Richard and the Montreal Canadiens in the Montreal Forum. This event came less than a year after Jackie Robinson shattered the baseball color line in the US. During this game, Kwong was benched until late in the third period, where he was sent to play the final shift of the game. Spending less than a minute on the ice, he tallied no points in what would be his only big-league game. [14] [15] [16] [17]

While several other Rover forwards were called to play subsequent games, Kwong was not, despite being the Rovers' top scorer. [18] Kwong became convinced that he would not get an opportunity to prove himself at the NHL level with the Rangers, and left the Rangers organization at the end of the season. In the off-season, Kwong accepted a more lucrative offer to play for the Valleyfield Braves of the Quebec Senior Hockey League. [2]

Career peak outside of the NHL

Kwong went on to have a long and successful career in senior leagues in Canada and the United States. Coached by Toe Blake, Kwong was named as an alternate captain of the Valleyfield Braves. In 1951 Kwong won the Vimy Trophy as the Most Valuable Player (MVP) of the QSHL. That year, he led the Valleyfield Braves to the league championship and then to the Alexander Cup, the Canadian major senior title. In the following QSHL season (1951–52), Kwong's 38 goals were topped only by Jean Béliveau's 45 tallies. In his nine-year tenure in the Quebec League, competing against future NHL All-Stars such as Béliveau, Jacques Plante, Dickie Moore, Gerry McNeil and Jean-Guy Talbot, Kwong averaged better than a point per game. Béliveau, who later became a Hall of Fame inductee, said: "Larry made his wing men look good because he was a great passer. He was doing what a centre man is supposed to do." [2]

Player-coaching career

Kwong accepted an offer to play and coach hockey in England and, later, in Lausanne, Switzerland, before it even became fashionable to play in Europe. [19] He expected only to stay for a year, but remained in Europe for 15 years. "I went there to coach ice hockey and then after six years of coaching, I decided to start teaching tennis as a tennis pro." [14] Kwong spent one season with the Nottingham Panthers in Britain, scoring 55 goals in 55 games, before moving to Switzerland where he led HC Ambrì-Piotta in scoring as player-coach. [20] With this coaching assignment, he became the first person of Chinese descent to coach a professional hockey team. [21] He later coached HC Lugano and HC Lausanne. Kwong also became a tennis coach in Switzerland.

Personal life

Kwong was married to Audrey Craven (1929–1979) in Nottingham in 1964. The couple had one daughter, Kristina (Dean) Heintz. [22] In 1972 Kwong returned to Canada with his family to run Food-Vale Supermarket (Kwong Hing Lung) with his brother, Jack. In 1989 Kwong married Janine Boyer. He was widowed for a second time in 1999. Retired from the grocery business, he lived in Calgary, Alberta. Kwong died March 15, 2018, in Calgary. [14] [23]

Honours & achievements

Kwong has been honoured on numerous occasions. Below is a list of select honours:

On-ice achievements

1939: British Columbia Midget Hockey Championship

1941: British Columbia Provincial Juvenile Title

1946: Leading scorer on the Trail Smoke Eaters

1946: Savage Cup Winner; scored the cup-winning goal

1948: Leading scorer on the New York Rovers (86 points in 65 games), the top minor league team for the New York Rangers

1948: Breaking the NHL's colour barrier by playing for the New York Rangers as the first non-white player in the league.

1951: Byng of Vimy Trophy winner as MVP of the QSHL, leader in assists (51), second in points (85), third in scoring (34) [4]

1951: QSHL Championship

1951: Alexander Cup winner. This cup is the Canadian national major senior ice hockey championship trophy.

1952: Second in QSHL league-scoring with 38 goals, only behind Jean Beliveau's 45 goals

1958: 55 goals in 55 games for the Nottingham Panthers at age 35

Awards

2002: Calgary's Asian Heritage Month Award

2009: Heritage Award from the Society of North American Historians and Researchers (SONAHR) [24]

2010: Okanagan Hockey Group's inaugural Pioneer Award in 2010 [25]

November 23, 2011, Okanagan Sports Hall of Fame in the Athlete category. [26]

September 19, 2013, Honoured Member of the B.C. Sports Hall of Fame. [27] [28]

July 23, 2016, Honoured Member of the Alberta Hockey Hall of Fame. [29] [30]

Kwong's game-worn 1942–43 Nanaimo Clippers sweater hangs in the Hockey Hall of Fame as a part of its exhibit The Changing Face of Hockey – Diversity in Our Game. [31]

Honorary appearances

2009: Honoured by the Vernon Vipers of the British Columbia Hockey League in a pre-game ceremony [24]

2009: Saluted by the Calgary Flames of the National Hockey League at the Saddledome. [2]

Movies and media

2011: Kwong's story is featured in the documentary film Lost Years: A People's Struggle for Justice (2011), written, directed and produced by Kenda Gee and Tom Radford. [32] [33]

2014: The Shift: The Story of the China Clipper, a documentary by Chester Sit, Wes Miron and Tracy Nagai, had its theatrical premiere in Vernon, BC. [34]

2015: King Kwong: Larry Kwong, the China Clipper who Broke the NHL Colour Barrier, a biography by Paula Johanson, was published. [35]

Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs

Regular season Playoffs
Season TeamLeagueGP G A Pts PIM GPGAPtsPIM
1940–41Vernon Hydrophones BCAHA ——————————
1941–42 Trail Smoke Eaters ABCHL29913221030000
1942–43Nanaimo ClippersVISHL116612030112
1943–44Red Deer Wheelers ASHL 2000051230
1945–46Trail Smoke Eaters WKHL 19128201256068
1945–46 Trail Smoke Eaters Al-Cup —————52130
1946–47 New York Rovers EAHL 4719183715973100
1947–48 New York Rangers NHL 10000—————
1947–48 New York Rovers EAHL 171316295—————
1947–48 New York Rovers QSHL 48203757234010
1948–49 Valleyfield Braves QSHL63374784831017
1949–50Valleyfield BravesQSHL602535601652132
1950–51Valleyfield BravesQSHL603451853516112132
1951–52Valleyfield BravesQSHL603828661661560
1952–53Valleyfield BravesQSHL56102232630220
1953–54Valleyfield BravesQSHL682425491773362
1954–55Valleyfield BravesQSHL502430548—————
1955–56 Trois-Rivieres Lions QSHL2936910—————
1955–56 Troy Bruins IHL 219918251232
1956–57 Troy BruinsIHL91010—————
1956–57Cornwall Chevies OHA Sr 331415292265160
1957–58 Nottingham Panthers BNL 313915546—————
QSHL totals494215281496139449233213
NHL totals10000—————

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jean Béliveau</span> Canadian ice hockey player (1931–2014)

Joseph Jean Arthur Béliveau was a Canadian professional ice hockey player who played parts of 20 seasons with the National Hockey League's (NHL) Montreal Canadiens from 1950 to 1971. Inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1972, "Le Gros Bill" Béliveau is widely regarded as one of the ten greatest NHL players of all time. Born in Trois-Rivières, Quebec, Béliveau first played professionally in the Quebec Major Hockey League (QMHL). He made his NHL debut with the Canadiens in 1950, but chose to remain in the QMHL full-time until 1953.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bernie Geoffrion</span> Canadian ice hockey player

Joseph Bernard André Geoffrion, nicknamed "Boom Boom", was a Canadian professional ice hockey player and coach. Generally considered one of the innovators of the slapshot, he was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1972 following a 16-year career with the Montreal Canadiens and New York Rangers of the National Hockey League. In 2017 Geoffrion was named one of the '100 Greatest NHL Players' in history.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1990 NHL Entry Draft</span> 28th annual meeting of National Hockey League franchises to select newly eligible players

The 1990 NHL Entry Draft was the 28th NHL Entry Draft. It was hosted by the Vancouver Canucks at BC Place in Vancouver, British Columbia, on June 16, 1990. It is remembered as one of the deeper drafts in NHL history, with fourteen of the twenty-one first round picks going on to careers of at least 500 NHL games.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mike Vernon (ice hockey)</span> Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender (born 1963)

Michael Vernon is a Canadian former professional ice hockey goaltender who played 19 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Calgary Flames, Detroit Red Wings, San Jose Sharks and Florida Panthers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Norman Kwong</span> Canadian politician (1929–2016)

Norman Lim Kwong was a Canadian football player who played for the Calgary Stampeders and Edmonton Eskimos of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He was also an active businessman and politician being part owner of the Calgary Flames and serving as the 16th Lieutenant Governor of Alberta from January 2005 to May 2010.

Kelvin Wade Kisio is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player who currently serves as a scout for the Vegas Golden Knights of the National Hockey League (NHL). Kisio played 761 games in the NHL as a centre for the Detroit Red Wings, New York Rangers, San Jose Sharks, and Calgary Flames between 1983 and 1995, and was team captain for the Rangers for three and a half years.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Herb Gardiner</span> Canadian ice hockey player

Herbert Martin Gardiner was a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman who played for the Calgary Tigers of the Western Canada Hockey League (WCHL) and the Montreal Canadiens and Chicago Black Hawks of the National Hockey League (NHL) between 1920 and 1929. Additionally, he was the head coach of the Black Hawks for part of the 1928–29 season. Gardiner was a member of the WCHL champion Tigers in 1924 and in 1927 won the Hart Trophy as the NHL's most valuable player after playing every minute of every game for the Canadiens. He coached several minor professional teams in Philadelphia following his retirement as a player. Gardiner was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1958.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Joel Otto</span> American ice hockey player (born 1961)

Joel Stuart Otto is an American former professional ice hockey center in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Calgary Flames and Philadelphia Flyers. An undrafted player, Otto signed with the Flames as a free agent in 1984 and played 11 seasons with the team. He was one of the top defensive centers in the league during his career and one of the NHL's best at faceoffs; Otto was a two-time finalist for the Frank J. Selke Trophy. He was known for his confrontations with Mark Messier as part of the Flames' rivalry with the Edmonton Oilers and was a member of Calgary's 1989 Stanley Cup championship winning team. He joined the Flyers in 1995, with whom he played three seasons.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Max Bentley</span> Canadian ice hockey player

Maxwell Herbert Lloyd Bentley was a Canadian professional ice hockey player who played for the Chicago Black Hawks, Toronto Maple Leafs, and New York Rangers in the National Hockey League (NHL) as part of a professional and senior career that spanned 20 years. He was the NHL's leading scorer twice in a row, and in 1946 won the Hart Trophy as most valuable player. He played in four All-Star Games and was twice named to a post-season All-Star team.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bill Cook</span> Canadian ice hockey player and coach

William Osser Xavier Cook was a Canadian professional ice hockey right winger who played for the Saskatoon Crescents of the Western Canada Hockey League (WCHL) and the New York Rangers of the National Hockey League (NHL). A prolific scorer, Cook led the WCHL in goals twice and the NHL three times. He was named an all-star seven times between the two leagues. Known as "The Original Ranger", Cook was the first captain of the New York Rangers, scored the first goal in franchise history and led the team to two Stanley Cup championships.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mickey MacKay</span> Ice hockey player

Duncan McMillan "Mickey" MacKay was a Canadian professional ice hockey centre and rover who played primarily in the Pacific Coast Hockey Association (PCHL) and Western Canada Hockey League (WCHL) for the Vancouver Millionaires. He moved to the National Hockey League (NHL) after the collapse of professional hockey in the west, and finished his career playing with the Chicago Black Hawks, Pittsburgh Pirates and Boston Bruins.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lynn Patrick</span> Canadian ice hockey player

Joseph Lynn Patrick was a Canadian professional ice hockey player and executive. As a player, Patrick played ten seasons in the National Hockey League for the New York Rangers. He was twice named to the NHL All-Star team and was a member of the Rangers' 1940 Stanley Cup championship team. Patrick turned to coaching following his playing career, serving first with the Rangers, then the Boston Bruins – where he was also general manager – and finally as the first head coach of the St. Louis Blues.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Michael Cammalleri</span> Canadian ice hockey player (born 1982)

Michael Anthony Cammalleri is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player who played 15 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) for five different teams. He was selected in the second round, 49th overall, by the Los Angeles Kings at the 2001 NHL Entry Draft.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">History of the National Hockey League</span> History of the NHL

The history of the National Hockey League begins with the end of its predecessor league, the National Hockey Association (NHA), in 1917. After unsuccessfully attempting to resolve disputes with Eddie Livingstone, owner of the Toronto Blueshirts, executives of the three other NHA franchises suspended the NHA, and formed the National Hockey League (NHL), replacing the Livingstone team with a temporary team in Toronto, the Arenas. The NHL's first quarter-century saw the league compete against two rival major leagues—the Pacific Coast Hockey Association and Western Canada Hockey League—for players and the Stanley Cup. The NHL first expanded into the United States in 1924 with the founding of the Boston Bruins, and by 1926 consisted of ten teams in Ontario, Quebec, the Great Lakes region, and the Northeastern United States. At the same time, the NHL emerged as the only major league and the sole competitor for the Stanley Cup; in 1947, the NHL completed a deal with the Stanley Cup trustees to gain full control of the Cup. The NHL's footprint spread across Canada as Foster Hewitt's radio broadcasts were heard coast-to-coast starting in 1933.

The Bob Clarke Trophy is awarded annually to the player who leads the Western Hockey League in points scoring during the regular season. In both years Bob "Bobby" Clarke played in the WHL, he captured the League scoring title. In 1968–69, Clarke's Flin Flon Bombers captured the League Championship. His NHL career spanned 15 seasons with the Philadelphia Flyers, in which time he captained the team to a pair of Stanley Cups. He was awarded the Hart Trophy as the NHL's MVP three times, the Masterton Trophy and the Selke Trophy once each, and was also named an All-Star four times. He was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1987.

Reginald Alexander Sinclair was a Canadian professional ice hockey forward. He played in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the New York Rangers and Detroit Red Wings and was twice named to play in an NHL All-Star Game. Sinclair quit hockey in 1953 after only three NHL seasons to focus on a business career. He served as a vice-president of Pepsi and as president and partner of Maritime Beverages.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">History of the Montreal Canadiens</span> History of the ice hockey club

The Montreal Canadiens ice hockey club, formally Le Club de Hockey Canadien, was founded on December 4, 1909. The Canadiens are the oldest professional hockey franchise in the world. Created as a founding member of the National Hockey Association (NHA) with the aim of appealing to Montreal's francophone population, the Canadiens played their first game on January 5, 1910, and captured their first Stanley Cup in 1916. The team left the NHA and helped found the National Hockey League (NHL) in 1917. They returned to the Stanley Cup Finals in 1919, but their series against the Seattle Metropolitans was cancelled without a winner due to the Spanish flu pandemic that killed defenceman Joe Hall. The Canadiens have won the Stanley Cup 24 times: once while part of the National Hockey Association (NHA), and 23 times as members of the NHL. With 24 NHL titles overall, they are the most successful team in league history.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Roman Horák (ice hockey, born 1991)</span> Czech ice hockey player (born 1991)

Roman Horák is a Czech ice hockey player currently playing for HC Sparta Praha of the Czech Extraliga (ELH). He previously played nine games in the Czech Extraliga with HC České Budějovice before coming to North America to play two WHL seasons with the Chilliwack Bruins. He was selected by the New York Rangers in the fifth round, 127th overall, of the 2009 NHL Entry Draft, and joined the Calgary Flames organization via trade in 2011. In 2014, he was traded by the Flames for a brief stint with the Edmonton Oilers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Adam Tambellini</span> Canadian ice hockey player (born 1994)

Adam Tambellini is a Canadian professional ice hockey forward who is currently playing for Rögle BK of the Swedish Hockey League (SHL). Tambellini was selected by the New York Rangers in the third round of the 2013 NHL Entry Draft.

The National Hockey League (NHL) evolved from a mono-ethnic and primarily Canadian professional athletic league to span North America. The distribution of ethnic groups has been gradually changing since the inception of the NHL. The league consists of a variety of players from varying nationalities and diverse backgrounds. Once known as a league riddled with racism and exclusiveness, the NHL has made some positive steps toward a more diverse and inclusive institution.

References

  1. 1 2 Parks Canada Agency, Government of Canada (2023-04-25). "Breaking Racial Barriers in the National Hockey League National Historic Event". parks.canada.ca. Retrieved 2024-04-04.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Davis, David (2013-02-19). "A Hockey Pioneer's Moment". The New York Times . ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2020-10-08. Retrieved 2020-06-06.
  3. ↑ "CBC targets Chinese hockey fans with Mandarin broadcasts of NHL playoffs". National Hockey League. The Canadian Press. 2008-04-20. Archived from the original on 2014-02-02.
  4. 1 2 3 Freeborn, Jeremy (2015-03-02). "Larry Kwong". The Canadian Encyclopedia . Historica Canada. Archived from the original on 2020-06-06. Retrieved 2020-06-06.
  5. ↑ "The Chinese Experience in B.C. 1850-1950". University of British Columbia Library. Archived from the original on 2020-10-07. Retrieved 2020-06-06.
  6. ↑ Hawthorn, Tom (2018-02-19). "Larry Kwong: A Life that Meant Much More than One NHL Game". The Tyee . Archived from the original on 2020-06-06. Retrieved 2020-06-06.
  7. ↑ "Eyes on Cup! Trail Moulding Mighty Puck Squad". The Leader-Post (published 1941-11-11). The Canadian Press. 1941-11-01. p. 16. Archived from the original on 2021-09-12. Retrieved 2021-09-12.
  8. ↑ Francis, Daniel, ed. (2000). "(no title)". Encyclopedia of British Columbia . Madeira Park, BC: Harbour Publishing. p. 394. ISBN   1-55017-200-X.
  9. ↑ Kingston, Gary (2013-09-20). "Crowning B.C. sports hall glory for King Kwong". Vancouver Sun . Archived from the original on 2020-06-06. Retrieved 2020-06-06.
  10. ↑ "Currie Soldiers Win Puck Title". Edmonton Journal . 1944-03-13. p. 7. Archived from the original on 2021-09-12. Retrieved 2021-09-12.
  11. ↑ "Smokies oust coast squad". The Leader-Post . The Canadian Press. 1946-03-30. p. 17. Archived from the original on 2016-07-30. Retrieved 2021-09-12.
  12. ↑ "Larry Kwong Impresses Lester Patrick". Calgary Herald . The Canadian Press. 1946-09-16. p. 17. Archived from the original on 2021-09-12. Retrieved 2021-09-12.
  13. ↑ "Olympics Beaten Out". The Lewiston Daily Sun (published 1946-10-28). Associated Press. 1946-10-27. p. 9. Archived from the original on 2021-09-12. Retrieved 2021-09-12.
  14. 1 2 3 Ward, Rachel (19 March 2018). "1st NHL player of colour, Larry Kwong, dies at 94". CBC News . Archived from the original on 4 June 2019. Retrieved 19 March 2018.
  15. ↑ Mitchell, Kevin (2014-08-13). "Film commemorates Larry Kwong's historic moment". Vernon Morning Post. Archived from the original on 2020-06-06. Retrieved 2020-06-06.
  16. ↑ "Kwong Made History 60 Years Ago Today". National Hockey League . 12 March 2008. Archived from the original on 28 January 2021. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
  17. ↑ Davis, David (February 20, 2013). "A Hockey Pioneer's Moment". The New York Times . p. B11. Archived from the original on 11 July 2019. Retrieved 19 June 2013.
  18. ↑ Allen, Bert (January 6, 1948). "American Puck Teams Compete in Two Loops". Calgary Herald . The Canadian Press. Archived from the original on 2021-09-12. Retrieved 2021-09-12.
  19. ↑ Katz, Brigit. "Larry Kwong, Gifted Athlete Who Broke NHL's Color Barrier, Dies at 94". Smithsonian Magazine. Retrieved 2022-02-26.
  20. ↑ "Storia del Club". Hockey Club Ambri Piotta. Archived from the original on 2010-11-10.
  21. ↑ Hopkins, Johnny (2 October 1958). "Kwong (Puck) Moves Talents To Switzerland". Calgary Herald . p. 50. Archived from the original on 2019-07-01. Retrieved 2021-09-12.
  22. ↑ "Larry KWONG Obituary (1923 - 2018)". Legacy.com . Archived from the original on 2018-06-21. Retrieved 2020-06-06.
  23. ↑ Goldstein, Larry (March 20, 2018). "Larry Kwong, 94, Dies; N.H.L.'s First Player of Asian Descent". New York Times. p. B19. Archived from the original on 22 March 2018. Retrieved 21 March 2018.
  24. 1 2 "Larry Kwong, First Asian In NHL, Awarded SONAHHR Heritage Award". Society of North American Hockey Historians and Researchers. March 27, 2009. Archived from the original on December 19, 2013.
  25. ↑ "Larry Kwong receives first annual Pioneer Award". Okanagan Hockey School . Archived from the original on 25 July 2011.
  26. ↑ Knox, Roger (November 27, 2011). "Athletes score hall of fame honour". Vernon Morning Star. p. A1. Archived from the original on November 28, 2011.
  27. ↑ Kingston, Gary (September 20, 2013). "Crowning B.C. sports hall glory for King Kwong". The Vancouver Sun. Archived from the original on September 22, 2013.
  28. ↑ "Larry Kwong". BC Sports Hall of Fame . Archived from the original on 2020-06-06. Retrieved 2020-06-06.
  29. ↑ "Bruins legend Bucyk highlights 2016 AHHF induction class". Hockey Alberta Foundation.[ dead link ]
  30. ↑ "List of Honoured AHHF Members". Alberta Hockey Hall of Fame. Archived from the original on 2019-11-07. Retrieved 2020-06-06.
  31. ↑ Dawson, Joshua (May 5, 2016). "Diversity in our game". Greater Toronto Hockey League . Archived from the original on 2020-12-22. Retrieved 2021-09-12.
  32. ↑ Froneman, Kristin (September 18, 2011). "Hockey legend immortalized in film" (PDF). Vernon Morning Star (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2021-09-12.
  33. ↑ Li, David (19 June 2013). "As Boston Bruins Takes 2:1 Stanley Cup Finals Lead, Larry Kwong Celebrates 90th Birthday". bostonese.com. Archived from the original on 8 October 2013. Retrieved 19 June 2013.
  34. ↑ Mitchell, Kevin (August 13, 2014). "Film commemorates Larry Kwong's historic moment". Vernon Morning Star. Archived from the original on September 2, 2014.
  35. ↑ Hume, Stephen (August 4, 2015). "First China Clipper was hockey phenom from Vernon". The Vancouver Sun. Archived from the original on November 20, 2016.

Bibliography

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.