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The Kainji languages are a group of about 60 related languages spoken in west-central Nigeria. They form part of the Central Nigerian (Platoid) branch of Benue–Congo.
u̠t-Ma'in or Fakai is a Northwest Kainji dialect continuum spoken by 36,000 people in Nigeria. There are numerous rather divergent dialects:
The Kambari or Kamberi languages) are a cluster of Kainji languages spoken in northwestern Nigeria.
Gbiri-Niragu, also known as Gure-Kahugu, is a Kainji language of Nigeria. Speakers are shifting to Hausa.
The Kamuku languages are a branch of the Kainji languages spoken by the Kamuku people of Niger State, western Nigeria, mostly in Mariga and Rafi LGAs.
Reshe is the most divergent of the Kainji languages of Nigeria. It is spoken on the northern and southern sides of Kainji Lake. It is spoken in Yauri LGA, Kebbi State, and in Borgu LGA, Niger State.
Bauchi is a cluster of Kainji languages spoken in Rafi, Nigeria LGA, Niger State, Nigeria.
The Kimba languages (Tsikimba; or the Kambari II languages) are a group of Kainji languages of Nigeria spoken by the Kambari people. The languages are Kimba (Tsikimba), Gaushi (Agaushi), and Wenci (Ngwunci).
The Shingini language, is a Kainji language of Nigeria spoken by the Kambari people. Its two dialects are Tsishingini and Cishingini (Chishingini).
Lopa consists of a pair of minor Kainji languages of Nigeria. The Lopa people neighbouring the Busa language have shifted to that language.
Gwamhi-Wuri (Wurə-Gwamhyə-Mba), or Lyase, is a Kainji language of Nigeria. There are three varieties, which have only slight differences. "Lyase-Ne" means 'mother tongue'.
Fungwa, or Ura is a Kainji language in Pandogari, Niger State, Nigeria. The same word is also used for the people; Roger Blench estimated their numbers at no more than 1,000. Farming is the main occupation of the Fungwa while pottery is also an occupation practised by the women. The Fungwa live in the five villages of Gulbe, Gabi Tukurbe, Urenciki, Renga (Ringa) and Utana along the Pandogari–Allawa road in Rafi, Nigeria.
Eastern Acipa is a Kainji language of Nigeria. It is not close to the language of the same name to its west, though speakers of both are ethnic Acipa. It had 5,000 speakers in 1993. Speakers refer to their language as Tusəgəmuku.
Lere is an extinct Kainji dialect cluster of Nigeria. The ethnic population was cited as 16,000 in 2000, of whom only a few speak the language. A wordlist from the Takaya dialect can be found under External links.
Tunzu (Tunzuii), or Itunzu, also known as Duguza (Dugusa) in Hausa, is a Kainji language of Nigeria.
Ziriya (Jiriya) and Sheni (Shaini) constitute a Kainji language of Nigeria. They are geographically but perhaps not linguistically distinct.
Zora (Izora), or Cokoba (Cokobanci) in Hausa, is a Kainji language of Nigeria.
Vono, also known as Kiwollo (Kiballo), is a nearly extinct Kainji language of Nigeria.
Vori is a Kainji language of Nigeria.
Kagare (Kwagere) is a Kainji language of Nigeria belonging to the Kamuku language complex. There is partial intelligibility with Cinda, Regi and Səgəmuk (Zubazuba). Kagare is reported by Blench, but is not in Ethnologue or Glottolog.
References
- ↑ Lela at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ↑ Blench, Roger (2012). "The Kainji languages of northwestern and central Nigeria" (PDF). Cambridge: Kay Williamson Educational Foundation.
- ↑ Blench, Roger (2019). An Atlas of Nigerian Languages (4th ed.). Cambridge: Kay Williamson Educational Foundation.