Neolamprologus brichardi is a species of cichlid endemic to the alkaline waters of Lake Tanganyika in East Africa. It is a popular aquarium fish kept in the fishkeeping hobby, where it is known under a variety of common names including Princess cichlid, Princess of Burundi, Lyretail cichlid, Fairy cichlid and Brichard's lamprologus. In addition, the species is also the subject of numerous studies on fish behaviour. It is closely related to N. pulcher from the southern half of Lake Tanganyika and some have recommended merging the two into a single species.
Iodotropheus sprengerae, the rusty cichlid, lavender mbuna or lavender cichlid, is a species of cichlid endemic to the Boadzulu and Chinyankwazi Islands and Chinyamwezi Island regions of Lake Malawi. It prefers a temperature range of 24-26 °C.
Neolamprologus leleupi is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika where it occurs throughout the lake. It is a recess-dweller, inhabiting cracks and crevices. It feeds on invertebrates living in the rich biocover of the substrate. This species reaches a length of 10 centimetres (3.9 in) TL. The color of this fish ranges from bright yellow to deep brown. Both color variations exist at each location where this species is found. This relatively small cichlid is a substrate spawner. It is easily confused with the very similar N. longior a fish also endemic to Lake Tanganyika. The specific name honours the Belgian entomologist Narcisse Leleup (1912-2001), who collected the type.
Grammatotria lemairii is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika in East Africa where it prefers areas with sandy substrates. This species can reach a length of 26 centimetres (10 in) TL. It is currently the only known member of its genus. The species is occasionally kept as an aquarium fish. The specific name honours Lieutenant Charles Lemaire (1863-1925) who was the leader of the Congo Free State Expedition, which collected specimens of fishes at Lake Tanganyika, including the type of G. lemairii.
Lepidiolamprologus cunningtoni is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika where it prefers areas with sandy substrates in which it digs crater-shaped nests. This carnivorous species takes fish as prey. This species can reach a length of 29.1 centimetres (11.5 in) TL. This species inclusion in this genus has been questioned based upon its lacking many of the characteristics of its congeners. It can also be found in the aquarium trade. The specific name of this fish honours the British zoologist William Alfred Cunnington (1877-1958), who collected the type on an expedition to Lake Tanganyika.
Lepidiolamprologus kendalli is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika preferring rocky areas. This carnivorous species preys upon fish. This species can reach a length of 18 centimetres (7.1 in) TL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade.
Maylandia hajomaylandi is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Malawi where it is only known from around Chisumulu Island. This species can reach a length of 12 centimetres (4.7 in) TL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade. The specific name honours the cichlid enthusiast and author about aquaria Hans Joachim Mayland, who died in 2004,
Neolamprologus buescheri is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika. This species can reach a length of 8 centimetres (3.1 in) TL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade. The specific name of this cichlid honours the collector of its type, the German ichthyologist Heinz H. Büscher.
Neolamprologus christyi is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika. This species can reach a length of 13.7 centimetres (5.4 in) TL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade. This cichlid's specific name honours the British naturalist and explorer Cuthbert Christy (1863-1932) who worked for the Belgian Governemant and who collected the type in either 1926 or 1927.
Lepidiolamprologus hecqui is a species of shell-living cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika. This species can reach a length of 8 centimetres (3.1 in) TL. This species can also be found in the aquarium trade.
Neolamprologus leloupi is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika. This species reaches a length of 6.1 centimetres (2.4 in) TL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade. The specific name honours the malacologist Eugène Leloup (1902-1981), chief of the Belgian Hydrobiological Mission to Lake Tanganyika in 1946–1947, the type being collected during this expedition.
Lepidiolamprologus meeli is a cichlid species in the subfamily Pseudocrenilabrinae. It is endemic to Lake Tanganyika, where it is found in the waters of Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania, and Zambia.
Neolamprologus savoryi is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika. This species reaches a length of 8 centimetres (3.1 in) TL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade. The specific name of this cichlid honours Bryan Wyman Savory (1904-1988) who was the District Commissioner of Kigoma in the Tanganyika Territory during the Belgian Hydrobiological Mission to Lake Tanganyika of 1946–1947, this expedition collected the type.
Neolamprologus schreyeni is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika where it is only known from along the Burundi coast, inhabiting crevices. This species reaches a length of 5 centimetres (2.0 in) TL. The specific name honours Andre Schreyen, the nephew of and collaborator with the fish trader Pierre Brichard (1921-1990), who was the collector of the type.
Neolamprologus wauthioni is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika where it inhabits snail shells. This species reaches a length of 5.5 centimetres (2.2 in) TL. The specific name of this cichlid honours René Wauthion, a Provincial Commissioner in the Belgian Congo during the Belgian Hydrobiological Mission to Lake Tanganyika of 1946–1947, this expedition collected the type.
The threadfin cichlid is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika found in areas with rocky substrates on which it can graze on algae. This species can reach a length of 18 cm (7.1 in). It can be found in the aquarium trade. The specific name of this cichlid honours the British ichthyologist Ethelwynn Trewavas (1900-1993).
Plecodus straeleni is a species of cichlid fish that is endemic to Lake Tanganyika in East Africa. This species can reach a total length of 16 centimetres (6.3 in).
Pseudotropheus demasoni is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Malawi where it is only known from the Pombo Rocks in Tanzanian waters. This species can potentially reach a maximum length of 10 centimetres (3.9 in) SL. It is now commonly found in the aquarium trade.
Telmatochromis dhonti is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika where it prefers rocky substrates. This species can reach a length of 12 centimetres (4.7 in) TL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade. The specific name honours the collector of the type G. Dhont-De Bie of the Belgian East African Expeditionary Force.
Xenotilapia boulengeri is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika where it occurs in schools in areas with sandy substrates. Its diet consists of small shrimps and copepods. This species can reach a length of 15.3 centimetres (6.0 in) TL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade. The specific name honours the Belgian-British zoologist George Albert Boulenger (1858-1937), in recognition of his world on the fishes of Lake Tanganyika.
