Lepra (lichen)

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Lepra
Pertusaria albescens Maurepas.jpg
Lepra albescens
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Lecanoromycetes
Order: Pertusariales
Family: Pertusariaceae
Genus: Lepra
Scop. (1777)
Type species
Lepra albescens
(Huds.) Hafellner (2016)
Synonyms [1]
  • Variolaria Pers. (1791)
  • LeproncusVentenat (1799)
  • Isidium(Ach.) Ach. (1803)
  • Pertusaria sect. Lecanorastrum Müll.Arg. (1884)
  • Pertusaria subg. Monomurata Archer (1993)
  • Pertusaria sect. DigitataeArcher (1993)
  • MarfloraeaS.Y.Kondr., L.Lökös & Hur (2015)

Lepra is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Pertusariaceae. Although the genus was created in 1777, it was not regularly used until it was resurrected in 2016 following molecular phylogenetic analyses. It has more than 80 species, most of which were previously classified in genus Pertusaria .

Contents

Taxonomy

The genus was originally circumscribed by Austrian naturalist Giovanni Antonio Scopoli in 1777. [2] Martyn Dibben designated Lichen albescens (= Lepra albescens ) as a neotype for the genus in 1980. [3] In 2015, Kondratyuk and colleagues proposed the new genus Marfloraea to contain 13 members of the Variola group (one of four major clades identified in Pertusaria in the broad sense), with Marfloraea amara (= Lepra amara ) selected as the type. [4] The proposed genus was rejected a year later when Josef Hafellner and Ayşen Türk explained that the new genus name was superfluous because older available names existed that should have instead been used. [5] Consequently, the genus Lepra was reinstated to contain species formerly placed in the Pertusaria albescens species group. [1]

Description

Genus Lepra contains crustose lichens with the following features: disc-like ascomata; a hymenial gel that is weakly amyloid to non-amyloid; asci that are strongly amyloid but lack clear amyloid structures at their tips; and asci containing one or two single-layered, thin-walled ascospores. [1]

Species

Lepra pustulata Pustular Crust Lichen (4751282584).jpg
Lepra pustulata

As of January 2022, Species Fungorum accepts 81 species of Lepra. [6]

Related Research Articles

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<i>Acanthothecis</i> Genus of lichen

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<i>Amandinea</i> Genus of lichens

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<i>Opegrapha</i> Genus of lichens in the family Opegraphaceae

Opegrapha is a genus of lichenized fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. Species include:

<i>Ramboldia</i> Genus of lichen-forming fungi

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<i>Lepraria</i> Genus of lichens

Lepraria is a genus of leprose crustose lichens that grows on its substrate like patches of granular, caked up, mealy dust grains. Members of the genus are commonly called dust lichens. The main vegetative body (thallus) is made of patches of soredia. There are no known mechanisms for sexual reproduction, yet members of the genus continue to speciate. Some species can form marginal lobes and appear squamulose. Because of the morphological simplicity of the thallus and the absence of sexual structures, the composition of lichen products are important characters to distinguish between similar species in Lepraria.

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<i>Varicellaria</i> Genus of lichen

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<i>Catillaria</i> Genus of lichen

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Lepra schaereri is a species of crustose lichen in the family Pertusariaceae. It occurs in Europe. It was first described by Swiss pastor and lichenologist Ludwig Schaerer in 1821 as Spiloma isidioides. Josef Hafellner renamed it as Pertusaria schaereri in 2001, and then transferred it to Lepra after that genus was reinstated in 2016 to contain members of the Pertusaria albescens species group.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Wei, X.L.; Schmitt, I.; Hodkinson, B.P.; Flakus, A.; Kukwa, M.; Divakar, P.K.; Kirika, P.M.; Otte, J.; Meiser, A.; Lumbsch, H.T. (2017). "Circumscription of the genus Lepra, a recently resurrected genus to accommodate the "Variolaria"-group of Pertusaria sensu lato (Pertusariales, Ascomycota)". PLOS ONE. 12 (7): e0180284. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1280284W. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180284 . PMC   5507398 . PMID   28700682.
  2. ↑ Scopoli, Gioanni Antonio (1777). Introductio ad historiam naturalem sistens genera lapidum, plantarum, et animalium: hactenus detecta, caracteribus essentialibus donata, in tribus divisa, subinde ad leges naturae (in Latin). Prague: Apud Wolfgangum Gerle. p. 61.
  3. ↑ Dibben, Martyn J. (1980). The Chemosystematics of the Lichen Genus Pertusaria in North America North of Mexico. Publications in Biology and Geology. Vol. 5. Milwaukee: Milwaukee Public Museum. ISBN   978-0893260361.
  4. ↑ Kondratyuk, Sergii Y.; Lőkös, László; Kim, Jung A.; Kondratiuk, Anna S.; Jeong, Min-Hye; Jang, Seol Hwa; Oh, Soon-Ok; Hur, Jae-Seoun (2015). "New members of the Pertusariales (Ascomycota) proved by combined phylogenetic analysis" (PDF). Studia Botanica Hungarica. 46 (2): 95–110. doi:10.17110/studbot.2015.46.2.95.
  5. ↑ Hafellner, J.; Türk, R. (2016). "Die lichenisierten Pilze Österreichs –Eine neue Checkliste der bisher nachgewiesenen Taxa mit Angaben zu Verbreitung und Substratökologie" (PDF). Stapfia. 104 (1): 1–216.
  6. ↑ Source dataset. Species Fungorum Plus: Species Fungorum for CoL+. "Lepra". Catalog of Life Version 2021-12-18. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
  7. ↑ Fryday, A.M. (2019). "Eleven new species of crustose lichenized fungi from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)". The Lichenologist. 51 (3): 235–267. doi:10.1017/S0024282919000185. S2CID   196649792.
  8. 1 2 3 4 Archer, A.W.; Elix, J.A. (2020). "Six new species, a new variety, a new report and two new records in the Australian Pertusariaceae (Pertusariales, lichenized Ascomycota)" (PDF). Australasian Lichenology. 86: 14–29.
  9. ↑ Aptroot, A.; Spielmann, A.A.; Gumboski, E.L. (2021). "New lichen species and records from Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil" (PDF). Archive for Lichenology. 23: 1–18.
  10. ↑ Guzow-Krzemińska, B.; Flakus, A.; Kosecka, M.; Jabłońska, A.; Rodriguez-Flakus, P.; Kukwa, M. (2019). "New species and records of lichens from Bolivia". Phytotaxa. 397 (4): 257–279. doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.397.4.1 . S2CID   108848315.
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