Eastern spadefoot toads comprise a genus of the family Megophryidae in the order Anura, and are found in southern China, northeast India, southeast Asia, and islands of the Sunda Shelf as well as the Philippines. They are characterized by a stocky body with slender, short hindlimbs. In identifying species, iris colour is a valuable diagnostic morphological characteristic ; the iris has uniform colour in some species, whereas in other species the upper half is coloured and the lower half is dark.
Leptobrachium abbotti, or Lowland Litter Frog, is a species of amphibian in the family Megophryidae. It is found in Brunei, Indonesia, and Malaysia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Leptobrachium banae is a species of amphibian in the family Megophryidae. It is found in Laos, Vietnam, and possibly Cambodia. Its type locality is Ko Rong village, Gia Lai Province, Vietnam.
Leptobrachium chapaense is a species of amphibian in the family Megophryidae. It is found in China, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam, and possibly Myanmar. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Leptobrachium gunungense is a species of amphibian in the family Megophryidae. It is endemic to Malaysia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and rivers.
Leptobrachium hainanense, the Hainan pseudomoustache toad, is a species of amphibian in the family Megophryidae. It is endemic to the mountains of central and southwestern Hainan Island, China. Before being recognized as a separate species, it was confused with Leptobrachium hasseltii.
Leptobrachium hendricksoni is a species of amphibian in the family Megophryidae. It is found in Malay Peninsula, Sarawak (Borneo), and Sumatra (Indonesia). Its natural habitats are tropical moist lowland forests, rivers, freshwater marshes, and nearby plantations and heavily degraded former forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Leptobrachium huashen is a species of amphibian in the family Megophryidae. It is found in China, and possibly Laos and Myanmar. It is widespread in southwestern Yunnan province, China, where it is found in Jingdong, Tengchong, Luchun, Menglian, Mengyang, and Mengla counties.
Leptobrachium montanum is a species of frog from the family Megophryidae. It is endemic to Borneo and is, as currently defined, found in Kalimantan (Indonesia), Sabah and Sarawak (Malaysia), and Labi, Belait (Brunei). However, the nominal Leptobrachium montanum is a composed of more than one lineage. Available information mostly refers to this composite rather than the "true" Leptobrachium montanum. Common names montane large-eyed litter frog, mountain spadefoot toad, and mountain litter frog have been coined for it.
Leptobrachium nigrops, also known as the black-eyed litter frog, is a species of amphibian in the family Megophryidae. It is found in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical swamps, and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Leptobrachium pullum is a species of frog in the family Megophryidae. It is endemic to Vietnam. Its natural habitats are rivers.
Leptobrachium xanthospilum is a species of frog in the family Megophryidae. It is endemic to Vietnam, where it is known only from the vicinity of Ko Rong, Tram Lap, and Buôn Lưới villages in Gia Lai Province.
Leptobrachium ailaonicum is a species of amphibian in the family Megophryidae. It is found in Yunnan in southern China and on Fansipan mountain in northern Vietnam. Its type locality is Xujiaba in the Ailao Mountains in Jingdong County, Yunnan. At the time of the IUCN assessment in 2004, the population on Fansipan was considered a separate species, Leptobrachium (Vibrissaphora) echinatum, and assessed to be an endangered species.
Leptobrachium boringii, commonly known as the Emei moustache toad or Taosze spiny toad, is a species of amphibian in the family Megophryidae. It is endemic to China where it is found in Sichuan, Guizhou, and Hunan provinces. "Emei" or "Taosze" in its common names refer to its type locality, Taosze on Mount Emei, Sichuan. Its natural habitats are temperate forests, grassland, arable land, and rural gardens near rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Leptobrachium leishanense, the Leishan spiny toad or Leishan moustache toad, is a species of frog in the family Megophryidae. It is endemic to China: it is only known from the vicinity of its type locality in Leishan County in Guizhou. Its natural habitats are moist lowland forests, moist montane forests, and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss and overexploitation.
Leptobrachium liui, the Chong'an moustache toad or Pope's spiny toad, is a species of frog in the family Megophryidae.
Leptobrachium leucops is a species of frog in the family Megophryidae. This toad was discovered in Bidoup Núi Bà National Park in Lâm Đồng Province, Central Highlands region of Vietnam by a group of American, Australian and Vietnamese scientists. The specific name leucops refer to its partly white pupils. It is sometimes known as the yin-yang frog.
Leptobrachium mangyanorum is a species of frog in the family Megophryidae. It is endemic to the Philippines and known with certainty only from the island of Mindoro, although it might also occur on the nearby Semirara Island. Even though this species was formally described only in 2010, Edward Harrison Taylor had already in 1920s recognized that it is distinct from Leptobrachium hasseltii, the name used for Philippine Leptobrachium at the time. Common name Mindoro litter frog has been coined for this species.
Leptobrachium masatakasatoi is a species of frog in the family Megophryidae. It is known from its type locality, Phu Pan in Houaphanh Province in northeastern Laos, and from Sơn La Province in northwestern Vietnam. The specific name masatakasatoi honors professor Masataka Sato, Japanese entomologist who collected the holotype. Common name Masatakasato’s eyebrow toad has been proposed for this frog.
Leptobrachium rakhinense is a species of frog in the family Megophryidae. Originally described from the eponymous Rakhine Mountains in Myanmar, it is now understood as also being present in Bangladesh and north-eastern India.
