Leucocoprinus flavescens

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Leucocoprinus flavescens
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Agaricales
Family: Agaricaceae
Genus: Leucocoprinus
Species:
L. flavescens
Binomial name
Leucocoprinus flavescens
(Morgan) H.V. Sm. (1981)
Synonyms

Lepiota flavescens Morgan (1907)

Leucocoprinus flavescens
Information icon.svg
Gills icon.png Gills on hymenium
Campanulate cap icon.svgUmbonate cap icon.svg Cap is campanulate or umbonate
Free gills icon2.svg Hymenium is free
Ring stipe icon.svg Stipe has a ring
Transparent spore print icon.svg
Spore print is white
Saprotrophic fungus.svgEcology is saprotrophic
Mycomorphbox Question.pngEdibility is unknown

Leucocoprinus flavescens is a species of mushroom-producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae. [1] [2]

Contents

Taxonomy

It was first described in 1907 by the American mycologist Andrew Price Morgan who classified it as Lepiota flavescens [3] and reclassified as Leucocoprinus flavescens by the American botanist and mycologist Helen Vandervort Smith in 1981. [4]

Description

Leucocoprinus flavescens is a small mushroom with very thin white to pale yellow flesh.

Cap: 1–2.5cm or up to 4cm at the extreme. Ovoid to campanulate (bell shaped) with an umbo before flattening or becoming convex with age. The surface is pale greenish-yellow and is covered in fine powdery scales with smooth striations whilst the central disk is brownish but smooth. Stem: 2–6 cm and 1–2 mm in thickness with a slightly swollen base of 3–5 mm thick where white mycelium may be present. The stem surface is pale sulphur-yellow and is likewise covered with fine powdery scales like the cap though these may disappear with age leaving the stem smooth and it sometimes discolours reddish-brown. The fragile stem ring is pale yellow and located towards the top of the stem (superior) but it may disappear. Gills: Free, close and yellowish. Spore print: White. Spores: Ellipsoid, smooth. 4.8–6.6 (7.2) × (3.5) 4.9–5.5 μm. Taste: Bitter. Smell: Indistinct. [5] [4]

Habitat and distribution

In a 1907 study Morgan documented Lepiota flavescens growing on the ground under Robinia and Gleditsia trees in Southern Ohio [3] whereas Smith documented the species from greenhouses in Southern California and Massachusetts. [4] It has also been documented in Illinois [5] and in 2010 it was recorded in Washington state where it was found growing in large clusters in a covered outdoors container filled with potting soil intended for a greenhouse. [6]

L. flavescens is not very well known and not often recorded. It is likely that it is often misclassified as other Leucocoprinus species which are simply more well known or more commonly suggested by identification algorithms used by the public such as iNaturalist. The limited number of observations which have been made suggest the species is uncommon but that it has a widespread distribution in the United States with observations also made in Costa Rica. [7]

Similar species

Related Research Articles

<i>Leucocoprinus birnbaumii</i> Species of fungus

Leucocoprinus birnbaumii, commonly known as the flower pot parasol, yellow parasol, flowerpot parasol, or plantpot dapperling, is a species of gilled mushroom in the family Agaricaceae. It is common in the tropics and subtropics. However, in temperate regions, it frequently occurs in greenhouses and flowerpots, hence its common names of flowerpot parasol and plantpot dapperling. It is considered to be toxic if consumed.

<i>Leucocoprinus</i> Genus of fungi

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<i>Leucocoprinus cepistipes</i> Species of fungus

Leucocoprinus cepistipes, is a species of fungus in the family Agaricaceae. It is typically found on wood debris, such as wood chips but may also grow in potted plants or greenhouses. Typical characteristics include a fine-scaled bell-shaped cap, a partial veil, and a tendency to bruise a yellow to brown when handled.

<i>Leucocoprinus brebissonii</i> Species of fungus

Leucocoprinus brebissonii is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae. It is commonly called the skullcap dapperling due to its distinctive pattern on the cap. This mushroom was only thought to be found in Europe but it has since been observed in the Pacific Northwest and may also be found in Asia.

<i>Leucocoprinus fragilissimus</i> Species of fungus

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<i>Leucocoprinus cretaceus</i> Species of fungus

Leucocoprinus cretaceus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae. It is likely tropical in origin although it was first documented in Europe where it was often found growing in greenhouses and bark beds. However many early observations conflate this species with Leucocoprinus birnbaumii or Leucocoprinus cepistipes despite sharing only some superficial similarities. This fungus is quite versatile even for a saprotroph and is often found growing in clusters on woodchips, sawdust and compost heaps as well as directly from the ground or on trees. It may also appear in plant pots and greenhouses in colder countries in which it is not well equipped to survive outside.

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Leucocoprinus straminellus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae. Like other Leucocoprinus species it may have originated in a tropical climate but now finds a home in plant pots, greenhouses and compost piles in many countries. Leucocoprinus straminellus is described as being similar to the more commonly known Leucocoprinus birnbaumii but it is smaller and a lighter shade of yellow with smaller spores that lack a germ pore. It is also described as being superficially similar to Leucocoprinus fragilissimus but slightly more robust with flesh that is less translucent.

Leucocoprinus magnicystidiosus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

Leucocoprinus longistriatus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

Leucocoprinus flavus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

Leucocoprinus tricolor is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

Leucocoprinus medioflavus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

Leucocoprinus biornatus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

Leucocoprinus holospilotus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

Leucocoprinus citrinellus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

Leucocoprinus velutipes is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

Leucocoprinus magnusianus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

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References

  1. "Species fungorum – Leucocoprinus flavescens (Morgan) H.V. Sm., The Michigan Botanist 20(2): 50 (1981)". www.speciesfungorum.org. Retrieved 2022-07-19.
  2. "Mycobank Database – Leucocoprinus flavescens".
  3. 1 2 Morgan, A. P. (1907). "North American Species of Lepiota (Concluded)". The Journal of Mycology. 13 (1): 5. doi:10.2307/3752459. ISSN   1052-0368 via www.jstor.org.
  4. 1 2 3 Smith, Helen V. (1981). "Some Species of Leucocoprinus which Grow in Greenhouses". Michigan botanist. National Agricultural Library U. S. Department of Agriculture. Ann Arbor : Michigan Botanical Club. p. 50.
  5. 1 2 Kuo, M. (August 2015). "Leucocoprinus flavescens (MushroomExpert.Com)". www.mushroomexpert.com. Retrieved 2022-07-08.
  6. Birkebak, Joshua M. (2010-06-24). "The genus Leucocoprinus in western Washington". Mycotaxon. 112 (1): 83–102. doi: 10.5248/112.83 . ISSN   0093-4666.
  7. "Leucocoprinus flavescens (Morgan) H.V.Sm". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 2022-08-07.
  8. Kuo, M. (August 2015). "Leucocoprinus flavescens (MushroomExpert.Com)". www.mushroomexpert.com. Retrieved 2022-10-12.